What are the principles of physical education teaching?

1. Exercise principle:

Exercise is the most essential feature of sports games. The corresponding exercise load, movement difficulty, and activity methods should be determined based on the age, gender, and actual activity abilities of the participants in the sports games: the number of hours occupied by individual activities should be determined based on the number of people participating in the sports games, time, venue, equipment, and other conditions. And the total time occupied by a single round of activities and the route of game activities, etc. For example, when there are a large number of people, you should avoid creating games that take too much time and take turns; try to create games where everyone has equal activities, more lively movements, natural and competitive games; create games with simpler game rules and more practical activity methods. , without causing confusing and time-consuming gameplay during the game. In short, it should be interesting, attractive, simple and easy to achieve greater exercise effects in a shorter period of time.

2. Educational principle

As an important content or an auxiliary means of school physical education, sports games should not only have the value of physical exercise, but also have the function of ideological education. value. It is necessary to consciously and purposefully promote the all-round development of students' physical and mental development. The educational function of sports games must be organically combined with the content, methods, organizational forms of the games, etc., and integrate education into the game activities. For example, in order to cultivate students' strong will and quality, we can create and compile "texts" with certain movement difficulties. Games such as "Jump" and "Obstacle Run Relay"; in order to cultivate students' spirit of unity and cooperation, team competition games and scoring methods that combine individual scores and group points can be designed; in order to cultivate students' thinking and creative abilities , when conceiving a method to complete the game, you can leave a certain amount of leeway and try every possible means to inspire students' thinking and cultivate their creative abilities. In addition, the names of sports games should not only reflect the specific content of the game, but also have certain educational significance. The rewards and punishments after the game should also consider the tolerance of different participants and strive to be reasonable and feasible.

3． Principle of fun

Funness is another essential feature of sports games. If sports games lack fun, they will fundamentally lose their appeal to students. In order to improve the fun of sports games, more efforts should be made in the competitiveness of the game, the design of actions, the determination of victory and defeat, and the plot of the game based on the characteristics and quality, technical and intellectual levels of the people participating in sports games.

To increase the competitiveness of sports games, we mainly consider the form of game activities and grouping. Generally speaking, the competition in relay games of various types, content and forms is relatively fierce, and groups with roughly balanced strengths are the basis for fair competition and the guarantee of interesting competition.

To improve the fun of action design, it mainly depends on whether the action design is novel, thrilling (thrilling but not dangerous), symbolic and difficult. For example: dramatizing common movements in life; replacing habitual movements with mutated movements: using equipment to limit the range and speed of movements: simplifying more difficult special technical movements; allowing commonly used movements to be performed under higher requirements Done and so on.

When formulating a method to determine victory or defeat, in order to increase the fun, you can use both timing and counting methods at the same time, you can also use the individual scoring method combined with the group scoring method and the limited double scoring method, etc. The game considers a method with a certain storyline, which mainly appears in children's sports games.

4. Safety Principle

Promoting the physical and mental development of students is the fundamental purpose of sports games. Therefore, when creating sports games, special attention should be paid to safety principles, and "safety inspections" should be performed on every aspect of the game. First, check whether the designed movements are likely to cause injury accidents; when the range of movements is large, specific countermeasures to avoid muscle strains should be considered. Second, check whether the organization and teaching methods of the game are reasonable? When using throwing or weight-bearing equipment, consider avoiding injuries caused by improper use of the equipment or improper timing of throwing and picking up throwing equipment. Third, check whether the rules are rigorously formulated? For example, in the "Reaction Chase" game, players are not allowed to be pushed or re-shot, and the running route must also be stipulated to avoid injury stories. 4. Check whether safety factors have been paid attention to in the venue arrangements? For example, whether the left and right distances and front and rear intervals between each team and each person are appropriate, and in a narrow event venue, consideration should also be given to avoiding accidents caused by surrounding obstacles, etc.

5. Principle of pertinence

Sports games are a conscious and purposeful educational activity. , and closely combine the content and tasks of the class, and create targeted sports games in order to achieve the expected results.

Generally speaking, it is suitable for children to create sports games with less difficult movements and less exercise, and with a certain plot and room for imagination; for high school students or college students, it is suitable to create sports games with more difficult actions, less exercise, and more intense competition. Sports games that require high judgment and reaction: For school teams with certain physical fitness and training levels, competition is fierce, and sports games with special skills and special quality requirements can achieve effective training results.

When creating sports games, they must be closely connected with the content of the textbook and the teaching tasks. For example, creating inductive games that are close to the basic textbooks or have lower difficulty can make the corresponding centers of the cerebral cortex undergo a rough differentiation process, which is very beneficial for learning basic technical movements. Single or combined basic technical movements can also be used as the core part of the action design in the game to achieve the purpose of consolidating and improving basic techniques or becoming familiar with simple tactics.