Analysis on the International Competitiveness of China's Service Trade? How to write a paper? Thank you.

I. Development Status of China's Service Trade With the strong growth of global trade and China's goods trade, China's service trade has also achieved rapid growth. In 2006, the total import and export volume of China's service trade reached 1.9 1.75 billion US dollars, an increase of 22. 1% over 2005. China's total service trade has developed rapidly, but in terms of structure, China's service trade has lagged behind. In 2006, the total trade in goods in China exceeded10.7 trillion US dollars, while the trade in services was only192.83 billion, accounting for only about 1 1% of the total trade in goods, only half of the world average. At present, the main body of China's service trade export, transportation and tourism, are two traditional service trade projects. However, the emerging service trade industries, such as computer and information services, finance and insurance, which occupy the main body of service trade exports in developed countries, have a very low proportion in China. Analysis on the international competitiveness of China's service trade. Analysis of the total import and export volume: The export volume of China's service trade has increased steadily in the past 10 years, from $24.06 billion in 1998 to $9 142 billion in 2006, an increase of nearly four times. The international status of service trade is also improving significantly, with the export ranking rising from 65438+ 15 in 1997 to the eighth place in 2006. However, the share of exports in the world market is very small. In 2005, the proportion of China's service trade exports was only 3. 1%. China's service trade has been in a big deficit, and the trade deficit has been increasing from $5.6 billion in 2000 to $654.38+008 billion in 2004, which shows that the overall competitiveness of China's service trade tends to be inferior in the world. However, the trade deficit decreased in 2005 and 2006, and in 2006, it was reduced to $89,654.38+billion. Although the decline is still small, it also shows that with the export growth exceeding the import growth, China's service trade tends to improve gradually, and its comparative disadvantage does not always decrease. 2. Structure of import and export industries: China's service trade exports are mainly concentrated in traditional service industries such as tourism and transportation, and the sum of tourism and transportation will reach more than 60%. The export proportion of emerging service trade projects in China is very low, with computer and information services accounting for less than 3%, consulting services accounting for less than 10%, and financial and insurance industries accounting for less than 1%, which is almost zero. Moreover, the dominant position of traditional service trade projects has not changed so far, reflecting the extremely unreasonable structure. Moreover, from the change of service trade export, the traditional service trade projects have steadily increased since 2005, while the emerging service trade projects have not changed much. 3. China service trade competitiveness coefficient analysis (TC index) calculation formula: TC index = (export-import)/(export+import). The comparative advantage index of China's service trade is negative, indicating that China has been in a state of net import in its service trade balance. In terms of service trade, China does not have a comparative advantage, but is in a relatively weak state. However, from the long-term trend of competitiveness coefficient, the value in 2004 was 0.08, the value in 2005 decreased to 0.06, and further decreased to 0.05 in 2006, which means that the competitiveness level of China's service trade is gradually improving, but it is still lower than the world average, because there is still a long way to go. To sum up, although the competitiveness of China's service trade is gradually improving, the overall competitiveness is weak, the development is lagging behind, and the export industrial structure is extremely unreasonable. The export structure is dominated by resource-intensive and labor-intensive service trade projects, and the proportion of knowledge-intensive and technology-intensive service trade projects is very low. Three. Influencing factors and countermeasures of China's service trade competitiveness. National income level Although China's per capita national income level has improved significantly since the reform and opening up, it is still at a low level, resulting in a low consumption structure and insufficient demand for consumer services. However, insufficient service demand not only inhibits import demand, but also restricts service export capacity. The improvement of per capita income level depends on the overall production efficiency of a country, and the improvement of production efficiency depends on the improvement of transaction efficiency. A country needs to create a good system and formulate a good policy to ensure the improvement of transaction efficiency, so as to promote the improvement of the specialization level of various industries, and then promote the improvement of production efficiency and the steady and rapid growth of GDP, thus increasing the per capita national income. 2. The development of service industry is a necessary condition to improve the competitiveness of service trade. At present, the service industry in most cities in China is dominated by traditional commodity retail, catering and tourism, accounting for more than 60% of the GDP of the tertiary industry. Architects and accounting firms need to develop urgently. Intermediary companies such as real estate, consulting, information and advertising and new producer services have just started. Investment and securities are still in the development stage, while the cultural industry is seriously lagging behind. It can be seen that China's current service industry is dominated by traditional industries, and emerging industries are relatively insufficient; Natural resources and labor-intensive industries are the majority, while knowledge and technology-intensive industries are few. Therefore, to develop service trade, we need to start with the development of service industry, and many service industries in China are monopolistic, such as finance, telecommunications and railways. Because the government has set very strict restrictions on market access, that is, the lack of marketization limits competition and hinders the development of this kind of service industry. The lagging development of service industry leads to the low level of specialization and the insufficient demand for productive services. Only by increasing the degree of market opening and fully introducing competition can the service industry promote its development. 3. Scale of trade in goods Service trade includes producer services, consumer services and public services, among which producer services have become the main body of international service trade. Many trade in productive services is accompanied by trade in goods, such as import and export credit services and international freight services. Therefore, only the continuous expansion of the scale of trade in goods will lead to an increase in the demand for trade in services. In 2006, although the total import and export volume of China's goods trade ranked third in the world, the total volume was considerable, but the export level of goods trade was low, and the proportion of independent brands and independent intellectual property rights was not high. More than 50% of China's export of goods is realized through processing trade, and more than 80% of high-tech products are exported by foreign-funded enterprises. The low level of trade in goods limits the demand for knowledge and technology-intensive services and the development of emerging service trade. It is necessary to create a good economic environment, improve transaction efficiency, and promote the specialization level of various industries, so as to improve the per capita income level, steadily upgrade the structure of consumer demand, and increase the proportion of service consumption; Vigorously develop the service industry and accelerate the structural optimization of the service industry; Continue to gradually and orderly open the service market and eliminate institutional obstacles to industrial development. Only by taking care of all aspects can China's competitiveness in service trade be effectively improved.