Application form for research on the topic of effective memorization of literary texts

1. Small Subject Research. The Chinese Language and Culture

Mapping out a set of practical teaching methods that can stimulate students' interest in reading the Chinese language and culture: 1. Learning method to stimulate interest, 2. Trust to stimulate interest, 3. Introduction to stimulate interest, 4. Board book to stimulate interest, 5. Scenario to stimulate interest, 6. Aesthetic stimulation of interest, 7. Ancient for modern use of stimulation of interest, 8. Flexible and diverse pedagogical methods of stimulation of interest, 9. Activity to stimulate interest.

First, the main background of the subject of research with the social and cultural innovation, and the passage of time, the corresponding cultural background, historical conditions, social patterns, etc. in the literary language and the environment of the students' existence there is a huge distance between space and time, the form of linguistic expression in the literary language, the way of expression, lexical and grammatical aspects of the students and the reality of the language of communication there is a gap between the students. In addition, hidden in the ancient poetry of the micro-aggression, but also increase the difficulty of students cognitive understanding, the students of the study of the language produced a certain exclusion, alienation, refusal of the psychological.

Secondly, there are two major misunderstandings in the teaching of the Chinese language. One is to learn the ancient Chinese anthology like a word by word to break it up, kneaded, the language into the ancient Chinese language as or foreign language to teach.

Another is to take the article, the article has not read it, began to summarize the ideas, analyze the image. The first thing you should be able to do is to read something through, and read it smoothly, so that the students can feel it for themselves.

Whether reading the language or reading the vernacular, when doing the appreciation of literary images, in terms of improving language skills, the reason is the same. You can't learn the language as if it were a foreign language, because it's a different language for a different time.

In addition, you can't read the language as if it were vernacular, because after all, it has a language barrier. Therefore, the teaching of the Chinese language should grasp something very relevant to the main idea, and use it to do some focused dissection.

Especially when reading poetry, you have to get the image out of the language, and if you don't get the image out of the language, people can't grasp it. Moreover, in junior high school, students in the textbook exposure to the language only a few dozen, and the content is relatively brief, the learning requirements are relatively low, most junior high school teachers on the ancient Chinese language language phenomena and the law of the negligence of the generalization and organization.

This also leads to students entering high school, for the content and language form is no longer as shallow as the middle school of the literary language, naturally produced a fear of psychology. In view of this, how to stimulate students' interest in reading the language has become a priority in the teaching of the language.

Second, the subject of the content of the overview (a) conceptual definition of what is the ancient Chinese language? As the name suggests, it is the language of the ancient Han Chinese people, and ancient Chinese language is divided into spoken and written. What is literary language? Literary language refers to the written language of the last ancient Chinese language based on the spoken language of the pre-Qin Dynasty, after more processing and refining, as well as the language of the kinds of works written by writers who imitated it in later generations, such as the Hundred Schools of the Zu Zi, the Historical Records, the eight great writers of the Tang and Song dynasties, the Tongcheng School, and so on, which are all examples of the practical application of the ancient literary language.

In short, the literary language, is written in the language of the article works. The "May Fourth" period is generally recognized as the boundary between ancient and modern Chinese.

What is interest? Interest is a special tendency to recognize things, it is a kind of mental activity, when developed into a hobby, it becomes a person's longer and relatively stable behavioral tendencies, affecting people's ability to play. Interests and hobbies are the source of enthusiasm, it is based on the need to recognize and explore something, is to promote people to understand things, explore the development of things a driving force.

It is the most active factor in people's learning, work and other activities. With the interest in something, it can produce great enthusiasm in the behavior.

Through the research of this topic, we explore a new effective mode of teaching Chinese language and literature, so that the students actively participate in the process of learning Chinese language and literature to show a strong interest and subjective tendency, and then lead to the "recognition", "interpretation" and "parsing" of the language. And then lead to the "recognition", "interpretation" and "analysis" of the language, so that the students really have the ability to read the simple literary texts, but also understand the essence of the ideas, serving the writing, beneficial to life. (b) Theoretical basis 1, psychology points out: interest is an important psychological factor to promote people's knowledge activities and learning, it can make people concentrate, actively and happily engaged in some kind of activity.

Any activity that meets one's interest is likely to increase one's motivation. 2. Psychological research shows that in the process of language learning, when students focus their attention on the language itself (knowledge, rules) when the degree of anxiety is high, while focusing their attention on the content of the language, the degree of anxiety is significantly reduced, and it is easier to learn.

3, the theory of subjective education that: students are both the object of education, but also the main body of learning, understanding and development, all the impact of education as an external object, only through the main body of the student's activities can be internalized into the quality of the subject. Embodying the student subjectivity of the classroom teaching method is teachers and students *** with the participation of mutual exchange of multilateral activities, the teacher is the organization of teaching activities guide, students are self-development of independent participants, is an active explorer and creator, teachers and students is a democratic, equal, cooperative relationship.

This kind of teaching allows students to gradually learn from the teacher to guide the "other main learning" to independent self-study-based "independent learning", and finally learn to learn to learn, learn to create the purpose of the study. 4, the principle of cooperation: in the subject of the study, we must Change the phenomenon of isolation and closure between teachers, students, home and school, emphasizing mutual cooperation and mutual promotion.

5, the new curriculum standards pointed out that: "moderately strengthen the study of Chinese language and literature, the purpose is to promote students to deepen their understanding of the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, enrich the cultural heritage, enhance cultural taste." .

2. Kneeling elementary school language subject declaration form

Primary school language subject declaration form Primary school language subject declaration form Project category: general subject name: how to guide students to read aloud Subject design argumentation: reading aloud is one of the most frequent and most important training in reading teaching, and is an important part of language teaching.

Read aloud can express the thoughts and feelings of the article audibly and colorfully, so that students are infected, and promote the improvement of students' listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. The process of guiding students to read aloud is also the process of cultivating students' thinking ability, imagination, appreciation and language expression ability.

The language syllabus stipulates that students should be instructed to read aloud correctly, fluently and emotionally from the first grade onwards. When a text is taught, the first criterion of success is to see whether students learn to read aloud the text.

First, the status of reading aloud teaching and the main problems: 1, too little time to read aloud. A 40-minute lesson, students often read aloud less than 5 minutes, read aloud exercises are often like geese swept through, and "geese through the traces", "talk about teaching" squeezed out of the time students read.

Such as pre-reading, students are required to read through the text, read the new words, but in fact at least one-third of the students have not even read the text once, the teacher "snap - snap -" clap to indicate that the students to stop, and immediately turn to the next program. Reading aloud has become a form of teaching.

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Qi reading, group reading, personal reading, seemingly lively, in fact, before reading no requirements, read no guidance, read no timely evaluation of feedback, the students are only driven by the teacher to read for reading, not with the heart, with love to read, but with the mouth without heart, "read the scripture". This reading aloud is half the effort, and it is easy to develop students absent-minded, lack of purposeful bad habits.

3, read aloud too narrow. One of the most basic purposes of language teaching is to read, teachers tend to focus on a few sharp, read to read, that is, four or five students, most students are sitting as a listener, the majority of students do not get the status quo of reading aloud practice, and how to achieve will read it?

Read aloud teaching guidance method monotonous, mechanical, hard, common teachers in the analysis, understanding of the rest to a "please read this part of the students with feeling", or "read out the xxx tone", and so on and so forth, leading to the guidance of the boots, leading to a "guide" can not dissolve the "guide". Read aloud can not dissolve "guide", "practice" in a furnace, can not rub the understanding, feeling in one. The first thing that you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world, and then you can get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world.

Often heard teachers bluntly tell students to read a word (word) heavy (or light) some, a few sentences read faster (slower), but ignored the importance of reading aloud to express the meaning. So many students encountered a strong feeling of the sentence, think that the reading accent, and do not know that sometimes the accent light reading, the effect of expression is more intense.

Such as "Goodbye, loved ones" in the small golden flower stomped his feet and said the sentence: "Mom, this revenge I must report!" Students tend to read fast and high, like shouting slogans. In fact, to experience the inner pain of the small gold flower, word by word read slowly and low, word by word, voice by voice, more infectious.

5, read aloud only seek form without seeking practical effect. A class read aloud arranged many times, but there are read aloud but not in place, there are forms without much effect, often the sound of the book suddenly rang, less than a minute, and then in the teacher's gesture to come to an abrupt end, or the teacher is bent on rendering the atmosphere of the classroom, again and again emphasize the "loud, and then louder," read aloud into the classroom teaching of a kind of embellishment. The teacher is not a good person, but he is a good person.

Students shouting to read, lost the meaning of the text, the beauty of the article is gone. Second, how to optimize the teaching of reading aloud: 1, pay attention to the method of vocalization, sitting upright, pronounced correctly, in Mandarin, spit out the words clearly, read the word sound, do not read broken sentences, pay attention to expression.

In the classroom, we teachers have to give students the correct vocalization, so that children use the correct vocalization to read aloud.

I think the reason why Mr. Yu can maintain such a good state is mainly due to his love of education and the persistent pursuit, as well as his teaching in the correct pronunciation, voice, voice maintenance. In fact, there are many teachers in our school pay attention to the way to use the voice, several music teachers are more prominent.

Reading aloud is like talking, easy and natural. 2, to ensure that adequate reading time.

Teachers can arrange the reading time of each lesson according to the grade level, the learning situation, the characteristics of the material, and self-monitoring to achieve the degree. To have enough time for students to read the text correctly, especially self-study text, to let the whole class read, read well, can not just do a read like a rush through the scene, hastily, vaguely.

In the preliminary understanding of the basis of expressive reading aloud, to leave enough time for students to try to read, practice reading, read out the feeling, read out the flavor, read out the interest, can not not be ready to rush into battle; to stay after reading the time to comment, through the comments, to strengthen the incentive to read aloud, diagnostic function and regulatory function. Where to squeeze time? Well-designed questions, so that the tedious and lengthy "talk, ask, answer" to give way to reading.

Let the fancy form, no effective group discussion to give way to reading. 3, expand the reading training surface.

Long continued training, we must find ways to mobilize all students to devote themselves. Especially in the lower part of the students, the age of small, intentional attention to a short period of time, monotonous reading method will only make the students read a dry mouth, drowsy.

To appropriately create a situation, create an atmosphere for students to read, read, read, read. If the students read aloud to put some appropriate background music, role reading, performance reading, reading in small groups, can also be the students read aloud on-site recordings for the competition and so on.

The students in each class are not uniform, and there are obvious differences in their levels and abilities. Therefore, in the teaching of reading aloud should also reflect the hierarchy.

The complexity of the different segments should be read according to the "material", the different requirements of the reading practice should also be measured "material" employment, the evaluation of reading aloud should be assessed according to the person, so that students have more joy of success. At the same time, more for the "ugly duckling" to create "debut" opportunities, to know the beautiful white swan also have "ugly duckling" experience.

4, understanding and reading aloud interdependence. In reading teaching, the phenomenon of reading aloud and understanding is not rare, read once before analyzing, speak.

3. Research Study Subjects Declaration Form

Pan Xuhong Research Study Subjects Declaration Form (1) Subject Name: Difference between Chinese and Western food culture Mentor: Pan Xuhong Subject Group Member: All students of the senior two (6) Class Leader: Shen Yang Class: Senior two (6) Class Dominant Courses: English, Language Relevant Courses: 1. Purpose and Significance of the Study: Through the group cooperation of the students, collecting information, and drilling independently

Knowledge Objective: To master vocabulary and sentence patterns related to diet. Ability Goal: Expand students' vocabulary, activate students' existing language knowledge, and develop students' ability to use various channels to obtain information.

Moral Education Goal: To make students understand the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western food habits and to cultivate students' sense of cultural tolerance.2. Main content of the study: Chinese and Western food culture 3. Steps of the study: (1) Assign the task before the class: let students collect relevant information and pictures alone and prepare to express them in English.

(2) Divide the class into two groups of men and women, or divide the class into two groups of left and right, representing the Chinese and Western sides respectively, and let the students have a collective discussion. (3) The class will summarize the different eating habits of China and the West and prepare a list of similarities and differences between Chinese and Western food cultures.

The research method on the Internet or to the reading room to collect relevant information and pictures (group cooperation and independent research combined) Required conditions Open microcomputer room, reading room Mentor's opinion Approval opinion Attachment: relevant information Differences in food culture between China and the West Food and beverage products due to the influence of regional characteristics, climatic conditions, customs and other factors, there will be raw materials, tastes, cooking methods, dietary habits of different degrees of differences. Differences. It is because of these differences, catering products have a strong regional.

The differences between Chinese and Western cultures have created differences between Chinese and Western food cultures, which come from different ways of thinking and philosophies. The Chinese focus on the "unity of heaven and mankind", while the Westerners focus on the "human-centered".

Here is a brief discussion of the differences between Chinese and Western food cultures in the following three areas. First, two different dietary concepts In contrast to the Chinese diet, which focuses on "flavor", the West is a rational dietary concepts.

Regardless of the color, aroma, taste and shape of the food, nutrition must be guaranteed, and how many calories, vitamins, proteins and so on should be taken in a day. Even if the taste is uniform, it must be eaten - because it is nutritious.

This concept of diet is compatible with the entire Western philosophical system. Metaphysics is the main feature of Western philosophy.

The object of study in Western philosophy is the theory of things, and the theory of things is often the theory of metaphysics, and the theory of metaphysics is coherent with each other, so it is formed into a philosophy of metaphysics. This philosophy has given life to Western culture, and has led to a rapid development in natural science, psychology, and methodology.

But in other ways, this philosophy has been a great hindrance, such as in food culture. At a banquet, you can talk about the tableware, the ingredients, the service, and the shape and color of the ingredients; but no matter how luxurious and upscale it is, a steak from Los Angeles to New York has only one flavor, and there is no art to it.

As a dish, chicken is chicken, steak is steak, even if there is a match, it is also in the plate, a plate of "French lamb chops", one side of the mashed potatoes, leaning on the side of the lamb chops, the other side of the boiled green beans with a few slices of tomato will become. Contrasting colors, but in the taste of the various raw materials are not related to each other, reconcile, each is the taste of each, simple and clear.

Chinese people are very important to "eat", "food is the sky" this proverb shows that we eat as important as the sky. Because our nation has been in a low level of productivity for thousands of years, people always have not enough to eat, so there is a unique food culture that puts food above everything else, and I think this is probably out of a need to survive.

If a culture puts eating as the first thing, then there will be two phenomena: on the one hand, the function of eating will be played to the extreme, not only to maintain survival, but also to use it to maintain health, which is the cultural basis of "medicine is not as good as food"; on the other hand, too much emphasis on eating, people will push the pursuit of deliciousness. The pursuit of flavor. In Chinese cooking, the pursuit of deliciousness has almost reached its extreme, so much so that when Chinese people go overseas to make a living, they all make a living by opening restaurants, which has become the foundation of our life and livelihood in the world! Unfortunately, when we take the pursuit of deliciousness as the first requirement, we have neglected the most fundamental nutritional value of food. Many of our traditional foods have to be fried in hot oil and stewed over a long period of time, so that the nutrients of the dishes are damaged, and many of the nutrients are lost in the processing.

Thus, when it comes to nutrition, it actually touches the biggest weakness of Chinese food culture. There is a popular saying: "Food is the sky, food is the first flavor".

It is this pursuit of flavor that makes us ignore the true meaning of eating. Chinese people in the tasting dishes, often say that this dish "delicious", that dish "is not good"; however, if you want to further ask what is called "delicious", why?

This shows that the Chinese people on the diet of the pursuit of a kind of ineffable "realm", that is, the use of people usually say "color, aroma, taste, shape, ware" to this "realm" to materialize, I am afraid that is still the case. I am afraid that it is still difficult to cover this "realm" by using what people usually call "color, aroma, taste, shape, and utensils" to concretize it. The reason why Chinese food has its unique charm, the key lies in its flavor.

And the production of delicious, lies in the harmonization, to make the food flavor, after heating the cooked flavor, plus ingredients and auxiliary flavor and seasoning of the flavor of the blend, intertwined and fusion and coordination together, so that they complement each other, mutual help penetration, water *** fusion, you have me, I have you. The beauty of harmony in Chinese cooking is the essence of Chinese culinary art.

The shape and color of the dishes is something external, but the taste is something internal, heavy internal and not deliberately modify the appearance, heavy dishes taste but not overly show the shape and color of the dishes, which is the most important manifestation of China's concept of the beauty of food. In China, the pursuit of beauty in food clearly overrides rationality, and this view of food is also consistent with traditional Chinese philosophical thinking.

As a representative of Eastern philosophy, Chinese philosophy is characterized by macroscopic, intuitive, fuzzy and inscrutable. Chinese cuisine is prepared by mixing and combining, ultimately to blend a beautiful flavor.

This is all about proportion, about the overall fit. It contains the rich dialectical thought of Chinese philosophy, everything to the flavor of the dish is beautiful, coordinated for the degree, the degree within the thousands of changes.

4. How to write a declaration of elementary school language research program

Why carry out this study (i.e., the purpose, significance, value of the study): Reading is an important means for human beings to learn knowledge, access to information, but also an important way for human beings to understand the world, to develop their thinking, and to gain an aesthetic experience, which is one of the more important elements of the language curriculum. Nowadays, reading ability is not only an aspect of language quality, but also has become a necessary literacy to adapt to modern society. Reading teaching in the lower grades is the beginning stage of students' learning to read, and the cultivation of students' reading ability is particularly important. However, we find that the current classroom of reading teaching often loses the vitality of life. The main position of students in reading teaching is not really established. That is, the design of students' independent learning activities is insufficient. Students like to read in the classroom, conscious and active reading is rare, passive reading is predominant. The Language Curriculum Standards state that "the language curriculum should be committed to the formation and development of students' language literacy, and the key to comprehensively improving students' language literacy lies in reading." In order to make reading noble, conscious, active, lasting and conducive to improving the learning effect, it is necessary to give students a golden key to open the treasury of language knowledge, and this golden key is "cultivating students' good reading habits from childhood". This project will explore the four aspects of "cultivating correct reading posture, cultivating the habit of reading with pleasure, cultivating the habit of reading aloud with personality, and cultivating the habit of reading aloud for evaluation" in order to cultivate good reading habits in the language classroom of the lower grades students. Students are taught to use this golden key to open the door of knowledge through reading, so that they can improve their language literacy and enrich their spiritual world through the wonderful enjoyment of reading. Explanation of important concepts in this study (this item is filled in according to the needs of the study): Good study habits: refers to a noble, conscious, active and lasting way of learning in line with the psychological law of learning, which is conducive to improving the effect of learning. Good reading habits: refers to the correct reading posture, like to read, take the initiative to read, can feel the pleasure of reading. Read to understand, read to understand, read their own personality, questions, feelings, emotions. And will read aloud to evaluate. Subject research plan to take measures (this part of the focus, to expand in detail to explain the subject plan to take measures for the object, content, methods, steps, etc., such as: from what point of view to cut? How to operate the plan? In what way to record? And so on. (The subject group should also be explained if there is a previous study of the subject): Subject research object: the new Primary 1B class of all students Subject research objectives: to the lower section of the language classroom as a planting body, to the classroom learning activities as the content. Through research and practice, explore how to optimize the design of reading teaching in the lower language classroom in the context of the new concept, create a relaxed, happy, harmonious and democratic classroom teaching atmosphere, mobilize students' subjective initiative, stimulate students' interest in participating in reading, teach students how to read, and gradually cultivate students' good reading habits. And naturally penetrate the classroom etiquette habits of cultivation, so as to really improve the efficiency of classroom teaching, improve the quality of teaching, cultivate students sentiment, promote the healthy growth of students.

The content of the subject of research: we will create a reading atmosphere, rich reading form, reproduce the reading situation, clever reading suspense, timely incentive to read and other measures. Cultivate students' interest in reading and the habit of active reading, the habit of reading aloud and reciting correctly, the habit of concentrating and thinking while reading, the habit of writing and learning, the habit of imagination, the habit of accumulating language and the habit of writing. At the same time penetrate the etiquette of not afraid of difficulties and learning with an open mind. Methods of research: 1. Survey research method: mainly investigate whether students' reading interest, reading habits, reading ability, etc. change during the experiment, whether the change is benign, and how to regulate in abnormal situations. 2, literature research method: through extensive review and analysis of the literature, to absorb advanced concepts, borrow chyuan the current rapidly changing modern education ideas, in the former on the basis of a more in-depth and more characteristic of theoretical research.

3, case study method: the typical teaching details or individual students for in-depth tracking and analysis. 4, summary of experience method: the experimental process, and constantly summarize the lessons learned, summarize the gains and losses. Consciously combine their own practice with relevant theories, and constantly modify the experimental program, methods and means. Collect the successful experience of other people's practices, to be utilized, improved and then practiced. Steps and means of research: (a) Preparatory stage (April 2007): the development of programs, preliminary research. (B) in-depth research stage (May 2007 ----2007 June): regular research exchanges and results show activities

(C) research summarize the complementary stage (July 2007): the completion of the experimental post-testing, collation of information, a comprehensive summary, and write a research report. The results expected to be achieved by the subject research (i.e., what changes are expected to be produced in the problems solved after the research, and what ways to express them, such as investigation reports, case reports, essays, courseware, etc.): 1, teachers' experience, reflections, essays, stage summaries. 2、Student learning results display. Reading habit measurement records. 3. Teachers' reading teaching debriefing classes, research papers, project completion reports.

5. How to fill out the subject research declaration form

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Original publisher: xiaobaizhua2

Subjects to fill out the declaration of the essentials

Points a: the expression of the name of the research topic

The subject of the topic selection to "small ". The size of the subject should be moderate, the selection of the topic should be from a practical point of view, to be commensurate with their own research power.

Refinement of the research perspective: means, ways, methods, strategies, models, mechanisms, institutions

Refinement of the research methodology: experiments, case studies, surveys, actions, observations, comparative studies

Selection of the subject should be "new". There are many ways to raise the issue, but in summary, there are mainly the following methods: to get the issue from the subject guide issued by the relevant departments; to raise the issue from the actual teaching of the urgent need to solve the problem; to find out the problem from the usual teaching practice; to raise the issue from the advanced experience and methods; to raise the issue from the transplantation of the advanced experience and methods of other fields and learn from them ... ...The choice of topics should be made on the word "new".

The formulation of the subject should be clear. The name of the subject generally includes: the object of study, the scope of the study and research methodology of the three elements. Such as "freshman algebra self-study tutorial teaching experimental research", the object of study is the freshman students, the research problem is the first year of algebra teaching self-study tutorial program teaching method, the research method is the experimental method.

The presentation of the subject should be concise. The expression of the name of the subject is commonly used in the form of declarative sentences, the name should be correct, standardized, novel, and the sentence should be concise, usually no more than 20 words.

Points two: the status and value of research.

On the status of research. Elaboration of this part of the content, to seriously and carefully review the literature related to the subject, to understand the former or others on the subject or related issues have done what research and its research guiding ideology, scope of research, methodology, results and so on. Take the existing research results as the starting point of one's own research, and find out the shortcomings of previous research from them. Confirm their own creativity, so as to determine the characteristics of their own research or breakthrough point. In this way, both