Blue and white raw materials

Pearl: gray-green pigment, and the glaze above 1200℃ is blue from the bottom. At about 800℃, the glaze is dark green. When it is not covered with pastel, it will fall off when touched, so it is also called "raw powder". Pastel must be covered on the ink line of the printed pearl, otherwise it will fall off easily after baking, which will affect the picture effect. Mainly used for pastels and antique colors.

Clay: It is an aluminosilicate mineral containing water, and it is a widely distributed colloidal dark clay. Plastic when wet and hard after baking. Its main components are decomposed igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks, and its basic components are kaolin and other hydrogen-bearing bauxite. Clay mineral is a tiny crystal. Scientists have found an interesting defect structure in clay mineral crystals, which may store a lot of information, thus determining the orientation and configuration of crystal growth.

Clay has unique plasticity and cohesiveness, that is, formability and firing performance.

Kaolin: Kaolin is mainly composed of tiny kaolinite cluster minerals (kaolinite, dickite, nacrite, halloysite, etc.) such as flake, tube and layer. ) is less than 2 microns. The ideal chemical formula is AL2O3-2SiO2-2H2O, and the main mineral components are kaolinite and hydrated kaolinite. Besides kaolinite cluster minerals, there are montmorillonite, illite, pyrophyllite, quartz and feldspar. The chemical composition of kaolin contains a large amount of AL2O3 and SiO2, a small amount of Fe2O3 and TiO2, and a small amount of K2O, Na2O, CaO and MgO.

China is the first country to discover and utilize kaolin in the world. As early as 3000 years ago, carved white pottery made of kaolin appeared in Shang Dynasty. The porcelain produced in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province is famous at home and abroad, and has always had the reputation of "white as jade, bright as a mirror, thin as paper, and endless sound". Kaolin, now the international scientific name of kaolin, is produced in Gaoling Mountain near gao ling cun in the eastern suburb of Jingdezhen.

According to historical records, the French missionary Ante Collet introduced the characteristics of the porcelain clay in Gaolingshan to Europe in a famous book in 17 12, which had a far-reaching influence on the porcelain manufacturing industry all over the world, so kaolin gradually got its name in Europe and became the general name of this porcelain clay internationally.

Kaolin is the main raw material for ceramic production because of its plasticity, cohesiveness, certain drying strength, sinterability and whiteness after firing. Excellent technological properties, such as whiteness, softness, high dispersibility, adsorbability and chemical compatibility, make it widely used in paper industry. In addition, kaolin is also widely used in rubber, plastics, refractories, petroleum refining and other industrial fields, as well as cutting-edge technology fields of agriculture and national defense.

Porcelain stone: Porcelain stone is a term used for ceramics. Its rock name is albite monzonite or albite, weathered soil is called porcelain clay, and porcelain stone for ceramics contains al2o 3 16% and SiO2 72%.

Porcelain stone can be used as a raw material for making porcelain alone or as an ingredient to replace potash feldspar. Glaze and superfine powder materials or composite materials made of porcelain stone by superfine grinding and surface modification are widely used in ceramic industry, plastics, rubber, paper making and other fields.

Porcelain clay: Porcelain clay is composed of kaolin, feldspar and Yingshi. Its main components are silica and alumina, and it also contains a small amount of iron oxide, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide and sodium oxide. With high plasticity, high bonding property and high fire resistance, it is a widely used raw material for porcelain making.

Colorant: Colorant exists in the tire and glaze of ceramics and plays a coloring role. The common colorants in ceramics are iron oxide, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide and titanium dioxide, which are red, green, blue, purple and yellow respectively.

Green materials and green materials are influenced by three aspects, the first is composition, the second is purification, and the third is preparation.

Composition is mainly cobalt oxide, blue, containing some manganese oxide, and an iron oxide, iron oxide for short. The higher the cobalt content, the more positive the blue color, the less the cobalt content and the darker the gray color. When the manganese content is high, blue and white are blue with purple or blue with red. When the iron oxide content is high, the blue and white hair color is black.