Development planning of Kamchatka territory

Economic and social development plan before 2025

Kamchatka Krai is the most remote area in the Far East, with unique natural resources development potential. This is one of the least developed federal entities in the Far East. The frontier area covers an area of 472,300 square kilometers and has a population of 350,000. Regional GDP per capita is one of the most insignificant indicators. The pillar industries of border economy are fishery, commerce, transportation and communication. In fact, there is only one specialized industry, accounting for about 20% of the regional GDP.

A major feature of the spatial structure of Kamchatka Territory is that the population and production capacity are highly concentrated in Awacha Bay, which is very convenient for the development of port industry in Awacha Bay. Avacha city circle is located here, including two cities of kamchatka peninsula, Peter Pavlovsk and Elizovo, as well as nearby residential areas and airports, Paradon's leisure area, and also includes the secret administrative region of Vilyusk. Avacha city circle has formed a stable settlement system, which is characterized by close administrative, economic, humanistic and cultural ties, while Peter Pavlovsk of Kamchatka plays the role of trade, education and scientific research center of nearby settlements. In this city circle, two-thirds of the residents and economic and social potential in the border areas are concentrated.

The rest of Kamchatka territory is inaccessible. The residential areas are mainly distributed in the estuary of the rivers along the kamchatka peninsula and the tributaries of the Kamchatka River, and there is no traffic connection between them. There are few roads in the northern part of the peninsula.

The development prospect of Kamchatka Territory mainly focuses on the development of fishery, mining, energy and tourism and leisure industries.

The economic potential of Kamchatka Territory is mainly limited to Awacha City Circle, West Kamchatka and Korjak Mining Area, which are three areas with rapid economic development. Implementing large-scale investment projects in these areas will diversify the economic structure of border areas and ensure the sustainable economic and social development of border areas.

Geographically, Awacha City Circle is the base to ensure Russia's geopolitical interests in the northern Asia-Pacific and expand the comprehensive development of natural resources in Russia's North Pacific and the eastern Arctic.

According to the long-term development of Awacha city circle, a center of biological resources and tourism and leisure will be formed.

On the basis of traditional fishery and processing industry in border areas, a comprehensive industry of biological resources will be formed. First of all, expanding the coastal fishing industry through public-private cooperation and establishing fishermen's self-regulatory organizations will create conditions for coastal fishing enterprises to realize the modernization and organization of commodity trading. Under the framework of investment and innovation projects for deep processing of aquatic biological resources, the public-private cooperation mechanism will be expanded to develop the fish processing industry.

Port special economic zones will be established in kamchatka peninsula's Peter Pavlovsk and Awacha city circle. The development direction of the main industries is aquatic biological resources processing, cargo transshipment and small ship maintenance.

Kamchatka peninsula's natural leisure potential will become the foundation of tourism and leisure center. There are some tourism logistics activities and transit customs infrastructure in the city circle. Awacha City Circle will become one of the centers for developing entertainment, leisure and fashion tourism.

West kamchatka peninsula is located in kamchatka peninsula, including the nearby sea area and continental shelf. The specialized industries in this area are the exploitation and processing of biological resources and the comprehensive industries of mineral raw materials, including processing industry.

The natural gas industry will become a new field of kamchatka peninsula's economy. 20 10 will implement the first phase of the gas supply project in Kamchatka territory, that is, supply gas to Peter Pavlovsk natural gas thermal power station -2 in Kamchatka. Long-term planning to realize natural gas in this area through natural gas pipeline lines. The exploitation of natural gas on the continental shelf of western Kamchatka is related to the long-term development of natural gas fields in border areas. According to the results of resource exploration, another LNG production center will be built in the border area to supply gas to Asia-Pacific countries.

Before 2025, most public projects of thermal power generation and housing in kamchatka peninsula will use locally produced energy.

The professional development direction of Korjak mining area is to form a mining center (gold, coal, nonferrous metals). Under the framework of regional development, some mining areas, mining and metallurgical centers and necessary infrastructure will be ensured.

Today, the mining center in Kamchatka Territory is in its formative stage. In 2006, the mining of Ajinsk gold mine and Shanuqi copper-nickel mine began. The economic and mining sectors in the border areas created 5% of the total output.

According to the predicted reserves of non-ferrous metals and precious metals, Kamchatka Territory belongs to Russia with large reserves of nickel, gold and platinum.

The development prospect lies in the industrial development of a series of gold and silver mines in remote areas of Kamchatka. It is planned to carry out supplementary exploration in Asacha gold mine and its outer side, and mine Rodnikovoye gold mine and Mutnovsk gold mine. By 20 15, six gold mines will be built in the border areas and mining will begin. By 20 18, the gold output in border areas will reach 18 tons and platinum will reach 3 tons/year. The total mining capacity of Shanuqi copper-nickel mine area and Kevinum Kuvalorogski nickel mine area will reach 65,438+0,000 tons per year. On the premise of copper-nickel smelting, it is planned to build a metallurgical and mineral processing joint enterprise in Raiski, Halac, and put it into production to further process titanium-bearing magnetite sand.

The implementation of investment projects in areas with rapid economic development will promote the development of agricultural centers in Kamchatka Territory, including open-air planting of vegetables and animal husbandry with deer as the main industry. The priority goal of animal husbandry development is to ensure children's institutions and local food production institutions. The long-term direction of comprehensive agricultural development is to develop greenhouse planting by using geothermal energy to ensure that residents can get the supply of greenhouse vegetables all year round.

In order to develop the forestry center in Kamchatka territory, it is necessary to implement wood processing and production projects.

There are four tourism and leisure pillar areas in Kamchatka Territory, namely, Peter Pavlovsk, Elizovo, Best Linsky and Aleutian regions in Kamchatka. The tourism projects in each district are different. Kamchatka peninsula's Peter Pavlovsk district mainly deals with cultural history and water tourism, Ilizovo district mainly deals with ecological science tourism, Beslinsky district mainly deals with ethnic tourism, and Aleutian district mainly deals with ethnic ecology, science, history and sports tourism. According to the plan, the infrastructure of characteristic tourist routes in border areas will be developed, including the "Kamchatka Volcano Group" listed in the UNESCO World Natural and Cultural Heritage List. Encourage the promotion of the "Russian East Ring" water tourism project in the international market.

According to the requirements of sustainable development in Kamchatka Territory, traditional and non-traditional forms of employment will be developed for the indigenous people of northern ethnic minorities. Form a network of leather goods stations; Establish a network of hunting and deer breeding industries and wild plant products processing enterprises; Production of souvenirs and fur products; Increase the employment opportunities of the original inhabitants of ethnic minorities; Ensure their traditional food; Establish a comprehensive network of purchasing points; Form comfortable living conditions; Improve the quality and convenience of medical and educational services. According to the plan, the living standards and quality of the indigenous people of ethnic minorities will be greatly improved, and gradually raised to the average level in border areas, and will reach the average level in Russia in the long run. According to these goals, special subsidy measures will be formulated and adopted for low-income people of northern ethnic minorities.

The basic direction of energy development in Kamchatka Territory is to use local fuel for most electricity and heat energy, make maximum use of renewable energy, build high-voltage transmission lines (strengthen isolated power equipment) and improve energy security.

Controlling the electricity price and reducing the electricity fee for a long time mainly depends on the following factors: the completion of gas transmission in the "Sobolevo-Kamchatka Petropavlovsk" natural gas pipeline, and the long-term gasification of boilers along the Kamchatka thermal power station and natural gas pipeline; Using geothermal resources to provide heating for residential areas in border areas; Based on modern diesel power stations, wind turbines and small hydropower stations, a multifunctional power technology system has been established to optimize the local energy of isolated power hubs in border areas.

In kamchatka peninsula, the potential of hydropower (including small scale) is huge. The implementation of hydropower projects will directly contribute to reducing electricity charges. More importantly, the conditions for forming a livable environment in Awacha city circle will be improved.

Building a natural gas pipeline to Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka, a road to Sobolevo town and restoring the port industry will inject impetus into regional development. The development of kamchatka peninsula will inject impetus into the development of the eastern section of "Northern Shipping". As an important fishing area, the specialization of continental shelf area is the resistance to project implementation.

Diversified energy and transportation infrastructure (reducing regional economic and social isolation) will play the most important role in building a livable environment.

In Kamchatka territory, groundwater is the most common natural resource, which is used as industrial water and drinking water, as well as hot springs and heat energy. Geothermal steam from Bauzhi, Mutnovsk and Upper Mutnovsk is used for power generation. The installed capacity of the existing geothermal power station reaches 70 MW. Kamchatka mineral spring fresh water, which is famous for its high quality, will be bottled and transported to areas with insufficient water supply.

The strategic direction for the development of kamchatka peninsula Transportation Center is to update and improve the parking places for vehicles, develop seaports, airports and transportation hubs, and develop the road network.

In order to bring Kamchatka Territory into Russia's unified economic-transportation system and ensure the economic development of fast-growing areas, a main road network will be formed in the meridian direction (across the Kamchatka corridor), and the following road reconstruction will be completed: the "Petropavlovsk-Seaport" federal highway in Kamchatka and the "Petropavlovsk-Airport" highway in Kamchatka. In order to form a corridor through kamchatka peninsula, the highway reconstruction of "Petropavlovsk-Milikovo, kamchatka peninsula" and "Kela Pivna-Esso" was planned and completed. The following new roads will be built: "Milikovo-Kliuch-Ustikamchatsk", "Palana-leissner, Osola-Temrat" and "Kamenskoye-Manire"; It is also necessary to build extended winter roads: "Anaf Gai-Palana", "Lesnaya-Osola", "Temrat-Tikochiki-Kamenskoye" and "Manire-Magadan border".

It is planned to renovate the port of Peter Pavlovsk in Kamchatka, set up a border checkpoint in the city of Peter Pavlovsk in Kamchatka, and also need to renovate the port facilities in Manire, Palana, Ustyhai Liuzuowo, Gilic, Osola, Pahachi, Djiguir, Sobolevo, Novsk and Auzel. According to the development plan of "Northern Shipping" (an element of international transportation corridor), the port of Peter Pavlovsk in kamchatka peninsula will become the supporting point in the east of "Northern Shipping". This will resume the "Kamchatka Peter pavlovsk-Vladivostok" route and regular passenger flights along the kamchatka peninsula route. In the long run, the coastal transportation network will include the Kuril Islands in Sakhalin Island.

The important direction of infrastructure development in Kamchatka Territory is to develop optical fiber communication line network. The optical fiber communication line from the center of Kamchatka River will reach Ust Reconnaissance Tsk along the tributaries of Kamchatka River, Auzel Novsk Town and Sobolevo Village along the two coasts of kamchatka peninsula, and will also reach the northern part of Kamchatka Territory (to Jijile Village, Palana Town, Ust Hailiuzhuowo Village, Osola Town, Jiliqi Village and Achawayam Village), and it is planned to continue to connect with Magadan City and Anadel City. It is planned to form a satellite communication transmitting and receiving network in Koryak Autonomous Region and strengthen the utilization of corresponding satellite resources in Kamchatka Territory.

The development of kamchatka peninsula's education system is a priority of economic and social development. In addition, the popularization rate and the quality of education are the factors that determine whether to emigrate, which can slow down the population loss in border areas.

The existing preschool education institutions in Kamchatka Krai can't meet the needs of local children, and the number of kindergarten enrollment places is obviously insufficient. On average, there are 129 children competing for every 100 places in urban preschool education institutions, and there are thousands of children waiting in line to enter kindergarten.

One of the priority directions of education development is to expand the network of preschool education institutions. There are 25 pre-school education institutions planned and built in residential areas in border areas, which can increase the enrollment quota by 6,800, and the new buildings can meet the seismic requirements. In general education institutions, short-term classes, general development classes and preschool classes are planned.

The existing network of general education institutions in Kamchatka Territory lacks diversity and versatility, and cannot fully meet the needs of residents. More than 65% schools are located in places that are not suitable for teaching or need major repairs. 36.4% of schools need to take turns in two parts, and the proportion in cities is 465,438+0.4%.

In order to create the necessary conditions for implementing the strategic objectives of education, it is required to adopt modern design and technology (which can ensure earthquake resistance and energy saving) to transform and build new schools and kindergartens. A network of "kindergarten-school" and boarding schools will be formed in the northern part of the border area. In rural areas, every city plans to build an education base with modern material and technical foundation for the advanced stage of general education.

In 65,438+05% schools in northern minority areas where indigenous people live, conditions have been created for learning their own languages, namely Koryak, Evansk and Itemian.

25% of general education schools belong to small comprehensive schools, usually located in remote areas, with students ranging from 2 to 80. These primary schools are usually the only schools in residential areas, so even if the number of students decreases, it is impossible to close them, which will increase the local budget burden.

Under the current conditions, one of the ways to ensure the quality and popularization of education is to develop distance education. Under this framework, modern educational media will be built on the basis of integrated telecommunication system.

The development direction of vocational education in primary and secondary schools in kamchatka peninsula meets the needs of the local labor market. In primary and secondary vocational education, the regional social cooperation mechanism has gradually lost its function. According to the needs of pillar industries in border areas, increase occupational categories.

Developing the organizational legal form of educational institutions, introducing standardized per capita budget of schools and implementing the reward system for outstanding teachers (giving one-time subsidies at district and city levels) will promote attracting high-level professionals to enter the field of education.

It is required to further improve and develop social cooperative relations. In the process of cultivating high-level workers and talents, there will be the participation of business owners, forming a school with contractual relationship between secondary education institutions and potential business owners. The important direction of vocational education: developing the infrastructure of teaching and production activities; increasing the total amount of supplementary education services; Relocate the school as an institution for training technical talents (first of all, mining major).

Today, residents of Kamchatka Territory can get specialized medical services in 85 outpatient clinics and 46 hospitals. The regional medical and health system is characterized by a lack of medical personnel, especially professional doctors. The rate of doctors in medical institutions in border areas is 90%, among which middle and primary medical personnel account for 94%. The average salary of medical staff is lower than that in border areas 14%.

In recent years, although the population in the border areas has decreased, the number of registered patients is still increasing. In recent years, the total prevalence rate of residents in Kamchatka Territory is 8 ~ 12% higher than the Russian average.

The average damage degree of medical and health system buildings reached 64%. About 40% buildings need to replace the cold water supply system, about 50% need to replace the heating and hot water supply system, and about 60% need to replace the power supply system.

Medical equipment and other related equipment also need to be guaranteed. Expensive medical equipment runs for 2 ~ 3 cycles on average, with an average loss of 44% and a shutdown loss of 80%. The equipment condition does not meet the requirements of modernization, and the quality of medical service cannot be guaranteed.

Frontier Hospital has 1 1 building, which was built in 1950s and 1970s, and the damage degree is over 60%, and it is located in the area where earthquakes with magnitude above 9 may occur. Considering that kamchatka peninsula is in the earthquake zone, all the buildings of Frontier Hospital may be destroyed. To this end, a new Kamchatka Territory Hospital will be built.

The incidence of tuberculosis in the entire Kamchatka Territory is equivalent to the average level in Russia. However, the incidence of tuberculosis in Koryak Autonomous Region is 1 times higher than the average level in Russia and border areas. In order to prevent and treat tuberculosis in Kamchatka territory (especially in the north), it is planned to build a border tuberculosis prevention and control center in the suburb of Peter Pavlovsk (green area), and a Koljak tuberculosis prevention and control center building in Palana town, and organize the implementation of preventive measures and population surveys to identify tuberculosis patients.

The number of malignant tumor patients registered in Kamchatka Territory has steadily increased. In order to reduce the prevalence of residents, it is planned to rebuild the radiology department of the Frontier Cancer Institute.

The incidence of mental illness, alcoholism and drug abuse among residents is high. The incidence of alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis in frontier areas is 65438+ 0.8 times the average level in Russia. In order to reduce the incidence of major social diseases, it is planned to establish relevant institutions so that patients can get professional medical services and realize rehabilitation.

The health status of pregnant women continues to deteriorate, which is the reason for the difficulty in production. In 2007, only 2 1% gave birth naturally, and 79% had dystocia. In order to provide assistance to pregnant women, parturients and newborns, border children's hospitals and perinatal centers will be established. Under the framework of the national priority project "Health", we will continue to improve medical services for pregnant women and babies by issuing production certificates.

The shortage of medical institutions is a big problem, and some places don't even have district hospitals and clinics. Under the framework of implementing the development strategy, a number of necessary medical institutions will be built in all district centers in border areas.

The incidence of hematological diseases in kamchatka peninsula is the highest in the Far East and Baikal (65438+ 0.8 times the average level in the Far East). The vast territory and sparse population determine that it is impossible to build a large-scale medical center for diagnosis and treatment of hematological diseases in kamchatka peninsula, and patients can only be sent to those large Russian medical centers for treatment.

During the mining of minerals in western Kamchatka and Korjak mining area, a mobile clinic with high mobility and a mobile clinic system providing specialized medical services will be established.

In these regional centers, some multifunctional medical centers will be established.

The direction of medical and health modernization lies in improving the quality of medical services. The specific measures are: updating the technical foundation, using modern technology, implementing reasonable disease prevention and diagnosis, and optimizing the number of beds; And in Russia's top medical center, cultivate and improve the professional level of professional doctors.

Primary medical and health service is the main link of the medical and health system, and its basic function is to improve and maintain the health of residents. In order to provide primary health care services to the northern minority areas where indigenous people live, we plan to rebuild the network of outpatient and obstetric clinics and introduce the general practitioner system.

By introducing day hospital and hospitalization technology, the working efficiency of medical institutions will be improved. In order to improve the medical service mechanism, the standards of medical personnel establishment, medical economy and financial payment that meet the conditions in the north will be introduced.

In order to form a competitive environment and expand patients' freedom of choice, conditions will be created to develop private medical institutions (legal status is equal to that of public institutions). Developing medical insurance can improve the freedom of choice of medical service objects and realize the principle of "funds follow patients".

Use relevant measures to encourage citizens to live and work in areas with bad climate, attract high-level talents and ensure the operation of medical and health institutions. Based on Kamchatka Medical College, training middle and primary medical talents.

The cultural development goal of Kamchatka Territory is to explore the potential of regional culture. There are several libraries, two theaters, some cultural, leisure and educational institutions and museums in Kamchatka Territory.

Cultural institutions lost 40% of their buildings, belonging to dangerous buildings 10%, with low technical equipment. Because there is no exhibition place, most of the art treasures are stored in the warehouse. Residents of some settlements cannot enjoy cultural services.

In order to improve the above-mentioned service quality and expand the service scope of Kamchatka Territory, the following plans will be implemented: (1) Construction of Kamchatka Art and Folk Creation Center (including exhibition hall and concert hall); Establish Kamchatka Puppet Theatre (Children's Theatre) and Kamchatka Art Institute in Peter Pavlovsk, Kamchatka; We will build comprehensive cultural facilities in Gilicz, Olyutorsk, PingLenske and Aleutian, so as to rebuild the urban cultural network.

In small residential areas with inconvenient transportation, a mobile service system (including mobile clubs, libraries and cinemas) will be established.

The main development direction of sports culture and sports in Kamchatka Territory is to ensure sports equipment and equipment in general education schools and youth sports schools, strengthen the material and technical foundation of mass sports, and build sports infrastructure near residences, study and workplaces. Planning and construction of mountain skiing infrastructure can be used for sports system and tourism. It is planned to build a number of sports centers in the cities of Peter Pavlovsk and Elizovo in Kamchatka, develop ski infrastructure based on "Red Volcano" and "Ejerives", build ski trails in Peter Pavlovsk in Kamchatka, and build biathlon facilities with corresponding facilities and ski trails.

The above measures will help to realize the advantages and possibilities of Kamchatka Territory in training reserve sports teams and participating in international winter events (including mountain skiing and snowboarding).

The per capita living area in Kamchatka Territory is 2 1.9 square meters, which is higher than the Russian average. However, most of the houses do not meet the current building standards and codes, including the standards of ancillary facilities, the requirements of thermal insulation structure and seismic structure. By the beginning of 2009, there were 1035 houses that needed earthquake reinforcement. The seismic capacity of 828 houses built before 1973 with a total area of 961200m2 is seriously insufficient.

At present, the annual building capacity of housing construction enterprises in Kamchatka Territory is about 654.38+10,000 square meters. Non-metallic building materials such as concrete, wood products, polystyrene insulation materials and PVC products required by these enterprises have been fully guaranteed.

According to the plan, most of the housing construction will be carried out in the city circle of Peter Pavlovsk and Elizovo in kamchatka peninsula.

In order to improve the service level of engineering infrastructure and strengthen residents' housing security-public service, modern heating facilities will be rebuilt and built. At the same time, the boiler room energy in kamchatka peninsula's Petrovsk city circle will be changed to natural gas, modern pumping equipment, pumping stations and water supply networks will be rebuilt and built, and modern sewage treatment plants, sewage treatment networks and other facilities to ensure residents' comfortable life will be rebuilt and built.