Traditional wing

1. Corridor: originally refers to the corridor under the eaves of houses, and later evolved into various forms, such as: long corridor, short corridor, cloister, flying corridor, half corridor, etc.

2. Pavilion: The wooden structure on the stage is called a pavilion, which is characterized by only flower windows, columns and no walls. The one near the water is called the waterside pavilion.

3. Hey: It originally refers to the corridor around Gaotang, which is the corridor house; Later, the huts opposite and on both sides of the main house were called Wei (W incarnation).

4. Xiang: Xiang, which is also written as "box" in ancient Chinese. Shuo Wen Jie Zi said: "In every hall, the middle is the main room, and the left and right rooms are the rooms, so-called east room and west room." The east room and the west room mentioned here refer to the wing. According to the data of the Han Dynasty, the ancients also built a wall outside the temple. Among them, the northern part, that is, the interval between the house and the wall, is called East Clip and West Clip, and the southern part is called East Hall and West Hall, also called East Room and West Room.

Some people think that the compartment refers to the east-west direction of the king's main office. "Biography of Zhou Chang" has: "Lv Hou listens to the East Chamber." Later, people called the houses on both sides of the main room distributed in the north-south direction "wing rooms".

5. shed: "shed" generally refers to houses. It says in Shuo Wen Jie Zi? "Shed" refers to the places where cities live, including inns, hotels, rooms and so on. As the old saying goes, the son of heaven gave the house a name of Hou Guan; Hostels and the like are called guest houses. People also use "she" as a pronoun to refer to a shabby or humble home. Like "Rushe"? "thatched cottage" My humble abode and so on.

6. Xuan: Xuan is a long corridor or a small room with a windowsill. Originally refers to the higher part of the car (the lower part is called the chariot). In ancient times, a car with curtains and a high front roof was also called a porch. Tao Qian's poem "Drinking": "Whispering in Dong Xuan." Du Fu's poem "Summer Night Sigh": "It's cool to open the porch." The platform under the eaves in front of the hall is also called the porch. In ancient times, the emperor did not sit in the main hall, but met his ministers on the platform in front of the temple, which was called "Lin Xuan".

7. Fasting: In ancient times, fasting rooms generally referred to study rooms and schools. Fast often means pure and quiet mind, reading and thinking.

8. Bedroom: When it comes to sleeping, people often think of the bedroom. Er ya Shi gong said:? "There is no place to sleep in the east wing and the west wing." That is to say, in ancient times, halls without east and west wings were always called bedrooms. In the Zhou dynasty, the big bed was the hall and the small bed was the room. Sleep also refers to the palace. Later, people called the big room where many people slept in one bed.

9. Building: The so-called "building" refers to a house with many floors, which was called a heavy building in ancient times. In Nineteen Ancient Poems, there are "tall buildings in the northwest, the sky is high and the clouds are light". It can be seen that the "building" at that time was similar to the "building" now. However, according to ancient records, in ancient times, most of the buildings people lived in were two-story buildings made of wood or southern bamboo. There is no one living upstairs, just some sundries.

10, Pavilion: As a unique architectural form in ancient times, "Pavilion" originally refers to pavilion board. Later, the pavilion became a small overhead building corresponding to the building. Most of them are quadrangles or polygons, surrounded by carved columns and cloisters, which are used for collecting books and overlooking the garden. In the south, the small room on the building is also called a pavilion. In ancient times, some places where women lived were also called pavilions, so women were called married.

Extended data:

National Characteristics of Ancient Dwellings in China;

Houses are distributed all over the country. Due to the differences in national historical traditions, living customs, humanistic conditions and aesthetic concepts, as well as the differences in natural conditions and geographical environment, the plane layout, structural methods, modeling and detailed features of residential buildings are also different, which are simple and natural, but also have their own characteristics.

Especially in folk houses, people of all ethnic groups often reflect their wishes, beliefs, aesthetic concepts, and their most desired and favorite things into the decoration, patterns, colors and styles of folk houses through realistic or symbolic means.

Such as cranes, deer, bats, magpies, plums, bamboos, lilies, Ganoderma lucidum, Wan Ziwen, Han palindromes, Yunnan Bai lotus, Dai elephant, peacock and betel nut. In this way, the folk houses of all ethnic groups in various regions present rich and colorful national characteristics.

The mainstream of traditional houses in China is regular houses, with Beijing quadrangles arranged symmetrically as typical representatives. Beijing quadrangles are divided into front and rear rooms, and the main house system in the middle is the most respected. It is a place to hold family etiquette and receive distinguished guests. Each house faces the courtyard and is connected by a balcony.

Although Beijing Siheyuan is a concrete embodiment of patriarchal clan system in feudal society of China, it is an ideal outdoor living space with wide courtyard, appropriate scale, quiet and friendly, and orderly flowers and trees.

Most houses in northeast China are such spacious quadrangles. Unlike official buildings, residential buildings do not have a set of procedural rules and regulations and practices. They can build houses according to local natural conditions, their own economic level and the characteristics of building materials. It can freely give full play to the greatest wisdom of the working people and build according to its own needs and the inherent laws of architecture.

Therefore, it can fully reflect the characteristics of practical and reasonable function, flexible design, economical material structure and simple appearance in residential buildings. In particular, the builders and users of the vast number of houses are the same, designing, building and using by themselves, so the practice of houses is more people-oriented, economical and practical, and can best reflect the national and local characteristics.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Traditional Dwellings in China