How were maps drawn in ancient times?

Ancient maps were mainly drawn by the method of kiri-kata.

The method of "JiLiDiaoFang" is a method of drawing a grid in proportion to the size of the map in order to reduce the size of the map figure correctly.

1. The map is filled with squares, the length of which represents the number of miles in the field.

2. People are sent around to collect data on all aspects according to certain criteria.

3. After collecting the data, the content of the map is drawn according to the framework of the squares.

Extended information:

Pei Xiu of the Jin Dynasty was one of the most famous and influential figures of the Jin Dynasty. p>Pei Xiu (223-271 A.D.) of the Jin Dynasty exhibited a set of theories on map-making and drew the "Yugong Geographic Map" accordingly. His theories can be summarized as the "Six Elements of Map-Making", which means that there are six factors to be taken into consideration when making a map: the ratio of parts (scale), the quasi-watchfulness (orientation), the mileage of the road (road mileage), and the height of the land (terrain elevation), Fangxie (angle), tortuous straight (curvature).

The "six bodies of cartography" has become an important basis for traditional Chinese cartographic theory, and the law of counting the miles and drawing the square is the basic operation method, which has been used for more than 1,500 years, and the famous maps of the past generations are all counting the miles and drawing the square, and after Pei Xiu, there are also the "map of China and barbarians within the sea" of Jia Tan in Tang Dynasty, "the map of the counties under the world" of Shen Kuo in Northern Song Dynasty, and "map of the maps" of Zhu Siben in Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Siben's "opinion map".

The main improvement in the successive dynasties was the accuracy of latitude and mileage measurements, as well as the scale of conversion. In the Song Dynasty, instruments such as "horizontality" (leveling instrument), "watch ruler" (photo board), and "dry ruler" (degree of dryness) were commonly used to measure the height of the terrain, and Shen Kuo used the term "hutong" (reciprocity) for the measurement of the terrain. Shen Kuo also replaced "Daoli" with "Hutong", which may be the modern contour markers.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia- Keiri Painting Square