How to Cultivate Students' Innovative Thinking in Classroom

How to Cultivate Students' Creative Thinking in Classroom Teaching

I. Introduction

The traditional teaching thought attaches importance to the teaching of book knowledge, but ignores the cultivation of students' creative thinking ability. This teaching idea based on the storage of existing knowledge can make students fully read poetry books, but it also inevitably limits their imagination and affects their thinking development and ability improvement. With the in-depth implementation of quality education and the comprehensive spread of curriculum reform, people pay more and more attention to the development of students' creative thinking and the improvement of their ability. Full-time compulsory education "Chinese Curriculum Standard" (experimental draft) also clearly points out that "students are the main body of learning and development, and Chinese teaching should focus on cultivating students to explore and innovate actively. "Innovation means innovation, and creative thinking refers to people's thinking in the process of creation, resulting in unprecedented thinking results. Therefore, the key to cultivate students' innovative quality lies in cultivating students' creative thinking. So, how to cultivate students' creative thinking in Chinese classroom teaching in primary schools? The new curriculum standard points out the direction and provides a carrier for us.

Second, this theory

(A) to create a harmonious and relaxed classroom atmosphere, to stimulate the enthusiasm of students thinking.

The process of innovation is the process of students' discovery, thinking and creation. In this process, students are the main body of innovation. Innovation is impossible without the active participation of students. Harmonious and relaxed classroom atmosphere is an important embodiment of teaching democracy. Under the new curriculum reform, teachers' classroom roles are not exclusive authorities, but participants and instructors in classroom learning, so that students can eliminate their fear of authority and failure, create a good external environment, and stimulate students' enthusiasm for participation, thinking and communication. In this pleasant atmosphere, students can express their opinions, speak freely and actively think creatively.

In teaching, to create a harmonious and relaxed classroom atmosphere, on the one hand, we should pay attention to harmonious and equal interpersonal relationships; On the one hand, students should be given enough space and time to think. Psychological research shows that authoritative education seriously restricts the creativity of students' thinking. Only in a harmonious and relaxed atmosphere can an equal relationship be established between teachers and students, and the teaching process can be a multi-directional communication and multi-directional flow process. In this kind of classroom teaching, the important role of teachers is to guide students to learn independently, encourage them to fully exchange ideas and express their opinions, thus activating their thinking. As a philosopher said: two apples are exchanged or two apples, but the exchange of two ideas can stimulate new ideas. Active classroom atmosphere and full multi-directional communication are the basis of triggering students' cognitive conflicts and then flashing sparks of innovative thinking.

(2) Encourage students to question boldly and cultivate the uniqueness of students' thinking.

Learning is expensive and doubtful. "Doubt" is the basis of all discovery and innovation. Traditional Chinese teaching is cramming, teaching is explaining rather than thinking, and memorizing rather than asking questions. It's all for the exam. Students are not required to ask questions, but to ask different questions. This concept of exam-oriented education seriously restricts students' creative thinking. Encouraging students to question boldly can help students cultivate their independent thinking and innovative thinking ability in the process of solving problems. Of course, finding and asking questions requires a process of cultivation and training for primary school students.

1, stimulate interest and form the habit of asking questions. To cultivate students' habit of asking questions, we should first change our concepts, correct our teaching ideas, and dispel students' worries about not answering questions, losing their prestige, occupying classroom teaching time and disrupting teaching plans. In fact, these problems can be solved as long as teachers are realistic and targeted, and after a period of training. Secondly, teachers should try their best to stimulate students' curiosity and make it an inexhaustible motive force for acquiring knowledge and developing creative talents. Third, there should be more affirmation than negation and more encouragement than criticism in teaching. Fully protect the enthusiasm of students. Encourage students to dare to question, dare to ask questions, dare to ask questions and solve problems constantly. Allow students to exert their creativity and make the classroom a real place for teachers and students to discuss.

2. Teach methods and improve the level of questioning. Students should be guided to find problems from the aspects of language factors, expression forms, text structure, thoughts and feelings. In order to avoid irrelevant problems that are divorced from the content of teaching materials and real life. Teachers can guide students to ask questions in different punctuation, accurate words and repeated sentences. After a period of training, students' questioning level will gradually improve and they can ask questions with high thinking value. For example, when teaching "Ten Miles of Prime Minister", there is such a sentence in the text: "... waiting anxiously and patiently." When the students read this, they asked the teacher: "Anxiety" and "patience" are antonyms, are they contradictory? These problems all reflect the students' active knowledge-seeking psychology of independent thinking and in-depth reading.

(C) stimulate imagination and association, cultivate students' creative thinking.

Einstein said, "All creative work begins with creative imagination." Imagination and association are important signs of creative thinking ability, and are also important training objectives of Chinese reading teaching. As a kind of ability, imagination and association can only be formed and improved through training. To cultivate students' creative thinking ability, we should pay special attention to the following two points.

1, observation and perception, enriching the accumulation of appearances.

Observation is the basis of understanding things, observation ability is the basis of developing students' cognitive ability, and it is also an indispensable intelligence for creative thinking activities. Therefore, we should pay attention to cultivate students' observation habits, guide the observation of things related to the text, such as physical objects, such as pictures … scenery and things related to composition, such as wind, frost, rain, snow, birds, birds, fish and insects, folk customs … and be good at applying the observed things to the understanding and writing of the text. Only in this way can we continuously enrich the accumulation of images and develop students' reading and writing ability, which is conducive to the development of students' creative thinking.

2. Enlighten and guide, and broaden the space of imagination and association.

If we simply talk about teaching and forget the vast and colorful world behind teaching activities, then our Chinese teaching will become a lifeless activity. In teaching, teachers should pay attention to guiding students to link observation, thinking and various practical activities. Only in this way can students learn vividly, deeply and comprehensively, which is helpful to cultivate students' innovative quality. In reading teaching, students can imagine and associate textbooks, which helps students enter the scene, deepen their understanding of the text, and develop their imagination in understanding the text. For example, when teaching the article "Military God" and guiding the students to understand the meaning of "Military God", the teacher explained the superficial meaning of the word to the students, and then further asked: "If you were Mr. Walker, what would you say to Liu Bocheng?" The students answered one after another, and some said, "You are as strong as steel, and no one can beat you." Some people say, "You are not a mortal, but an army god from heaven." Someone said, "You are the greatest and most remarkable person." How well the students speak. Inspired by their teachers, they expand their imagination and think creatively.

(D) break the mindset and cultivate students' divergent thinking.

Thinking stereotype always exists in students' learning process, which is an important obstacle in teaching, that is, they are used to looking at problems from a fixed angle, but have no intention to analyze problems from different angles, and their thinking is often bound by habitual thinking. Divergent thinking means that thinkers think at different levels from different angles or different directions according to existing knowledge and experience. It is an open thinking, seeking change without convention, and seeking and exploring new and diverse methods and conclusions in all directions. Therefore, we should try our best to overcome the negative influence of mindset and cultivate the diversity of thinking in the process of learning new knowledge.

1, the same task, encourage students to seek different learning methods to complete, take composition teaching as an example, for example, grade six students write an article "My Teacher". Most of the students wrote about how teachers work in spite of illness and make up lessons for sick students in the dark in the rain, which led to similar contents. As we all know, teachers have their own hobbies and spare time besides work. Choosing these materials can also reflect the teacher's character and image. To this end, before writing, let students interview their teachers on campus as small reporters and ask them about their lives and hobbies in detail. After guidance, the students showed their magical powers and wrote their own true and good compositions. This is in line with the psychological characteristics of students who always feel that they are discoverers, researchers and explorers, and is conducive to cultivating their thinking of seeking differences.

2. Arrange some exercises with uncertain answers appropriately. For a long time, our teachers are used to giving students some exercises with fixed answers, which makes students' thinking more and more narrow and rigid. It is not conducive to cultivating students' innovative spirit and future development. So we should arrange some "divergent" training for students. For example, in an exercise in teaching, the sentence "We lowered the national flag" was changed into several different expressions, but the students' answers were varied: "We lowered the national flag." "We lowered the national flag" (Ba sentence) …

Three. conclusion

Cultivating students' creative thinking is an important goal of the new curriculum reform and an objective requirement of quality education. Chinese teachers in primary schools should constantly improve their own quality, change their concepts, constantly explore and accumulate experience, and constantly cultivate and improve students' imagination and association ability by optimizing classroom teaching, so as to develop students' thinking more reasonably, cultivate students' ability and implement quality education.