What drives an electric car?

Now it is the era of new energy vehicles, and various new energy vehicles are constantly being introduced. Today, I mainly introduce electric vehicles.

Pure electric vehicle is a vehicle powered by rechargeable battery and driven by motor, which meets the requirements of road traffic and safety regulations.

A pure electric vehicle does not need a fuel tank and an engine, nor does it need an exhaust system. There is no exhaust gas generated when the automobile engine works, so the noise of the automobile motor is low. Compared with ordinary fuel vehicles, the cost of motor and controller of electric vehicles is lower, and the energy conversion efficiency of pure electric vehicles is higher, which can recover braking and downhill energy, so the use cost of pure electric vehicles is greatly reduced. Especially when traveling in cities, cars are slow and electric cars are more suitable.

The structural arrangement of electric vehicles is very diverse and flexible. To sum up, it can be divided into two forms: pure electric vehicle motor central drive and electric wheel drive. The central driving mode of motor draws lessons from the driving mode of internal combustion engine automobile, which transforms the internal combustion engine of automobile into motor and other related devices, and drives the left and right wheels with one automobile motor, and accordingly there are two forms: horizontal and vertical. The volume and mass of mechanical transmission device driven by automobile motor are greatly reduced compared with the central driving form of automobile motor, and the efficiency is obviously improved, at the cost of increasing the complexity and cost of control system.

Compared with ordinary fuel vehicles, the important structural differences of pure electric vehicles are power supply system, electric drive system and control system. The automobile power battery outputs electric energy, and the motor controller drives the motor to run to generate power, which is then transmitted to the driving wheel through the automobile deceleration mechanism to drive the electric automobile.

The power supply system mainly covers automobile power battery and battery management system, as well as vehicle charger. Automobile power battery is the power source of electric vehicle. The battery management system has the key functions of real-time monitoring the battery state, optimizing the use of battery energy, prolonging the life of automobile batteries and ensuring the safety of automobile batteries.

The driving motor system includes a motor controller and a driving motor. The motor controller controls the speed, torque and rotation direction of the driving motor. The motor converts electrical energy into mechanical rotation energy when driving normally, and converts the inertial kinetic energy of automobile wheels into electrical energy when the automobile slows down and slides downhill.

In the automobile control system, the vehicle controller sends corresponding control instructions to the motor controller according to the signals of the accelerator pedal and brake pedal input by the driver, so as to start and accelerate the automobile motor, control deceleration and braking, cooperate with other controllers such as the battery management system, and communicate with the vehicle information display system.