What is the theoretical basis of ecological agriculture construction?

Ecological principle is the main theoretical basis of ecological agriculture construction, which mainly includes the following points:

1, the principle of overall benefit.

According to the system point of view, the whole function is greater than the sum of its parts. Eco-agriculture should optimize the structural design of agricultural ecosystem, and use the interaction and feedback mechanism between the elements of the system to regulate and control, so as to improve the productivity and stability of agricultural ecosystem.

2. Niche principle.

Niche is the general name of the environment and living habits of species. Each species has its own unique niche to distinguish it from other species. Niche includes the location where species feed, the type and size of food, and its daily and seasonal biological rhythm. Based on the niche principle, suitable species with high value are introduced into agricultural ecosystem to fill the blank niche.

3. Food chain principle.

In agricultural ecosystems, the food chain is often short and simple, which is not only not conducive to energy conversion and effective use of substances, but also reduces the stability of the ecosystem. Therefore, people can take "organic matter" as the main line, and take the substances abandoned by food choices at all nutritional levels as nutritional sources, and further transform and utilize the corresponding organisms in the food chain, thus further improving the effective utilization rate of bioenergy.

4. Principle of material circulation and regeneration.

Agricultural ecosystem is an open system, because agricultural products are exported to the outside of the system, and some will inevitably be imported into the system. Eco-agricultural system pays attention to as little external input as possible, and establishes a benign material circulation system through three-dimensional planting and selecting crops with high return rate, reasonable rotation and making organic compost, paying special attention to material circulation, so as to make nutrients circulate in the system as much as possible and improve the conversion and utilization efficiency of nutrients.

5. The principle of mutualism of biological populations.

Based on the principle of mutual generation and mutual restriction of biological populations, an efficient compound system such as stereoscopic planting and mixed culture is established to accommodate more biological species and produce more products in limited space and time. Mature planting (intercropping, interplanting, mixed cropping and multiple cropping) and three-dimensional planting widely used in China are reasonable group structures established by using the symbiotic relationship between species. At the same time, it also uses the principle of mutual resistance from generation to generation to effectively control diseases, pests and weeds.

Extended data:

The significance of developing ecological agriculture;

1, the fundamental significance of developing eco-agriculture lies in solving the contradiction between human development and natural destruction. We have to admit that human production activities have caused great damage to the environment, and this kind of damage, if not restricted and planned, will be the fruit of human self-sufficiency, and eventually have to perish or escape from the earth.

2. Human beings are the products of nature, and they are strongly dependent on the natural environment both physically and psychologically. Therefore, when the natural environment is destroyed, it will naturally cause people's own reflection. Therefore, developing ecological agriculture is our life instinct for better survival and a measure for self-salvation, which has profound natural significance.

3. Quality food, fresh air and beautiful environment are the essential needs of our survival, so ecological production is to protect the environment, and a green environment can give us vitality.