A philosophical topic: The combination of the two embodies the theory of contradiction in China's traditional philosophy. Why? hope ...

On Mao Zedong's Thought of Seeking Truth from Facts

(A) Mao Zedong's principle of seeking truth from facts contains the essence of Mao Zedong's philosophy, and seeking truth from facts is the basic point and essence of Mao Zedong's philosophy. The so-called seeking truth from facts is to study and discuss the inherent regularity from the essence of objective things. It embodies the cognitive line of dialectical materialism. According to this line of understanding, we must always proceed from reality and seek truth from facts in practical work. Therefore, to grasp the essence and law of things realistically, the fundamental way is to proceed from reality to the object of understanding, from the superficial to the deep, from the surface to the inside, from the phenomenon to the essence, so as to grasp the law of things and serve as a guide for people's actions. In Mao Zedong's philosophy, the process of seeking truth from facts, that is, the process of investigation and research, is the process of understanding objective laws. Mao Zedong's emphasis on respecting facts and laws means taking "realistic things" as the starting point and basis of understanding, which is the fundamental position of Marxist philosophical materialism; "Yes" refers to the internal relationship of things, that is, regularity, and at the same time acknowledges that things move, change and develop endlessly according to their own internal laws, which is the fundamental viewpoint of Marxist materialist dialectics. "Seeking" means research and exploration, obtaining knowledge of truth through scientific research and various practical activities, and then guiding practice in turn, so as to achieve "practice, knowledge, practice and re-understanding, which is endless", which is the fundamental method of Marxist epistemology. In a word, we should use Marxist standpoint, viewpoint and method to analyze and compare the materials in detail, and then deal with them comprehensively, so as to grasp the essence and laws of things. It can be seen that the principle of seeking truth from facts clearly and concisely expresses the basic content of Mao Zedong's philosophical thought. In other words, Mao Zedong's philosophy is not only the basis of the principle of seeking truth from facts, but also the concrete embodiment of this principle. Therefore, the principle of seeking truth from facts covers the essence of Mao Zedong's philosophy.

The most fundamental requirement of the principle of seeking truth from facts is to combine the universal truth of Marxism–Leninism with the concrete practice of socialism in China, and strive to explore the road of socialist revolution and construction with China characteristics, so as to formulate the correct line, principles and policies. Practice has proved that if we persist in seeking truth from facts, the revolution will win and develop; On the contrary, the revolution will suffer setbacks and failures. This is an irrefutable truth summed up by our party's decades of revolutionary experience. In the long revolutionary career, Mao Zedong summed up the experience and achievements in this field, and summarized it as the basic principle of seeking truth from facts, and then regarded it as the basic point and essence of Mao Zedong's philosophical thought.

(2) Mao Zedong's principle of seeking truth from facts and Mao Zedong's philosophical thought are synchronous. Mao Zedong's principle of seeking truth from facts and Mao Zedong's philosophical thoughts are both based on the understanding of the fundamental issue of proceeding from reality, seeking truth from facts and combining theory with practice, and they are the products of combining the universal truth of Marxism with the concrete practice of our revolution. Therefore, they have the characteristics of synchronization.

Mao Zedong's principle of seeking truth from facts stems from the profound lesson of bourgeois reformism bankruptcy. Mao Zedong has heard and witnessed the irrefutable evidence of imperialist aggression against China since he was a teenager. The people of China are struggling in dire straits. At that time, he began to seek the truth of saving the country and the people, explored the road of China revolution, and was determined to transform old China and create new China. Based on a preliminary understanding of Marxism, he gradually realized that only by proceeding from the reality of our country can we find the correct way to liberate the Chinese nation. After the First Opium War, China gradually became a colonial and semi-colonial society. At that time, the national disaster was imminent and the people were in dire straits. In order to save the Chinese nation from peril, a large number of people of insight, regardless of their personal safety, stood up and fought. Dr. Sun Yat-sen, a pioneer of China's democratic revolution, proposed the establishment of a bourgeois coalition government, which ended in failure. Why is it that the West is effective and it is not feasible to bring it to China? People are confused. Only Mao Zedong's insight, uniqueness and outstanding foresight found that these thoughts have a fatal weakness, that is, they do not conform to the objective reality of China. He believes that it is doomed to fail to be divorced from the objective reality of China, based on historical idealism and relying on the support of "saviors" and "foreigners". Therefore, he put forward that "historical materialism is the philosophical basis of our party" and we must rely on "great unity of the people" to carry out the revolution. This is an important conclusion he drew from the revolutionary practice in our country. Therefore, when he graduated from Hunan Normal University and stepped into the society, he became more aware of the importance of practice. He wrote in the Record of Lecture Hall that it is useless to study behind closed doors, and put forward that everything should proceed from reality, "speak according to the reality of life and society" and "introduce reality to study facts and truth". (Note: Mao Zedong's early manuscripts (1912.6—1920.11), 363 pages. ) Then if we want to make some efforts in today's world, we can't do without China. About the situation of this site, it is necessary to conduct on-the-spot investigation and study. In order to study and solve various realistic social problems in China and the world, he initiated the establishment of the "Problem Research Society". In the articles of association, he proposed to combine the study of practical problems with the study of socialism, to combine social practice with investigation and research materials, and to combine theory with practice to guide the work. These thoughts are his ideological program of proceeding from reality, seeking truth from facts and integrating theory with practice. This will have a very important influence on the formation of Mao Zedong's philosophy and the principle and method of seeking truth from facts.

It is precisely because Mao Zedong attached great importance to all the principles of proceeding from reality, seeking truth from facts and integrating theory with practice that he investigated and studied various ideological trends and theories at home and abroad, and organically combined them, and finally chose Marxism as a theoretical weapon to transform China and the world among various complicated social ideological trends. He established a firm belief and the purpose of serving the people thoroughly, and realized a fundamental change in the world outlook. Mao Zedong's clear understanding of these outstanding achievements in his early years was manifested in his scientific attitude of proceeding from reality, seeking truth from facts and integrating theory with practice as soon as he set foot on the society, and applied Marxism to the objective reality of our country, thus laying a solid ideological foundation for Mao Zedong's principle of seeking truth from facts and Mao Zedong's philosophical thought. At the same time, it is pointed out that the two are synchronous.