Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional stories - How many stages does it take to learn landscape painting?
How many stages does it take to learn landscape painting?
To learn landscape painting, we must first copy the excellent works of the ancients. What is the purpose of plagiarism? Undoubtedly, it is to learn the exquisite painting skills of the ancients, such as pen and ink skills, composition skills, and basic skills. This is a lonely process and a long process. The bench will be cold for ten years, and the article will not be empty. 1k & amp; p( W" W6 Q7 b0 N- g
If you master the basic skills of landscape painting, you should sketch the scenery in nature. This is a rich textbook. Mr. Li Keran once said: To learn landscape painting, you should learn two books, one is tradition and the other is nature. Seeing nature, observing life and refining life are essential compulsory courses for landscape painters. Because copying only solves the problems of pen and ink and skills, and only sketching can learn how to refine the real landscape of nature into a landscape image on the screen. Hao Jing, a painter of the Five Dynasties, wrote tens of thousands of books, which is true. Bai Xueshi, Li Keran and others traveled all over the country. The cultivation of this ability will never happen overnight. Rome was not built in a day.
+e% x O0 k( J0 f) When you have the above two abilities, you can create. The creation of landscape painting is a process in which the painter perfectly combines his subjective aesthetic taste with the real landscape of nature to form landscape painting works. When creating, we should reprocess the collected materials according to our own aesthetic taste, including selection, deformation, refining and generalization. Only in this way can a typical image with great artistic appeal be formed. Therefore, sketching is not exactly the same as creating, because it is only a process of collecting materials. Sketching a scene is like a lawyer collecting evidence, and carefully creating it is like a lawyer responding in court, which is much more complicated than collecting evidence. If a landscape painter can't complete this step, he can only copy other people's works or describe nature mechanically. :h; Television $ [' f# f" O- B
Today is an era of pursuing enjoyment. There are fewer and fewer people who can tolerate loneliness and are willing to complete these three steps in poverty. This is especially true for the last two steps. After all, sketching is going to Shan Ye, where material life is relatively backward, and creation is an arduous mental work, so many people stay in the first step: copying. Today, we see that many landscape paintings are actually copies of ancient works or copies after replacing flowers with trees. Anyway, the ancients went to see Marx, and they won't come out of the ground and accuse you of infringing his intellectual property rights. Judging from the works of art, such works lack a sense of the times, and at the same time cannot form their own unique artistic style, so they look lifeless and have a thousand people. Seeking common ground in science and seeking differences in art obviously lacks artistic vitality.
The way to learn China's landscape painting is to "learn from the ancients, learn from nature, not from the ancients". Only in this way is it correct, that is to say, we should not only learn ancient paintings, but also learn the "painter's nature" in the minds of the ancients. Therefore, we should learn from the ancients and their techniques, such as pen and ink skills, the painting method of rocks and nymphs, the law of composition and layout, painting theory and painting theory. This must be copied first. First, copy some paintings such as trees and stones, master the basic techniques of China's landscape painting, and then choose one according to your own personality characteristics and hobbies. We can first introduce the painter's related situation from related books, such as painting style, pen and ink, composition, layout and so on. Start with local trees and rocks. And then copy the whole work step by step, and you must reach an extremely skilled level. After copying many times, I had to be able to write the whole picture silently. As soon as I close my eyes, I will see the painting in front of me. I want to write like this family's painting. Then we should learn from nature, such as "climbing mountains and facing water" as Mr. Huang said, and sketch, in which we can digest the techniques learned from the ancients. After that, I changed to another one, and I learned it very well before sketching; Change another family, and then draw a sketch ... to "take the road of Wan Li", to hide three mountains and five mountains, all corners of the country. When you are near, you will sketch more, reaching the situation of "nature enters the painting, and painting captures nature". Read more books, watch more, ask more questions, feel more, and draw more pictures. Read more: read the relevant and major books first. Read more books: read more picture albums, art exhibitions, paintings of ancient people and paintings of modern people, look carefully, look carefully, look deeply, and see how they use pens, ink, draw trees and stones, layout and so on. www.findart.com.cn
Ask more questions: ask teachers, classmates and experts to get to the bottom of it, but more importantly, ask yourself why ... you know more: think more, think deeply, think thoroughly, think to the end, and think about the degree of cracking. It is really not easy to achieve these four goals, because it is not only related to yourself, but also to others. Read more, read more, ask more questions and understand more, that is, draw more and do more, which is the most fundamental thing for painters. The first four are ultimately for this "painting more". As long as we achieve this "five-plus", we will certainly reach the realm of "I am myself". Even if you don't learn tradition by copying, it will always be an indispensable way to learn Chinese painting. Even in today's era when Chinese and Western arts are increasingly blending, the works of the ancients are still one of the sources to stimulate creative inspiration and explore artistic laws. Generally speaking, the teaching of China landscape painting is divided into three stages: copying, sketching and creating. Therefore, as the trinity teaching principle of China's landscape painting, copying class plays an important role in the whole learning process of landscape painting.
Copying is an indispensable way and method to learn China landscape painting, and it is also the most important content in landscape painting learning. In summing up the learning steps of Chinese painting, the ancients said: "Take the ancients as the teacher first, then the creation as the teacher, and finally the heart as the teacher." (Dong Qichang) That is to say, to learn painting, we must first learn the traditions and methods of our predecessors, master the form, then learn the nature, and finally combine the two to express ourselves. This is an experience summary of ancient learning methods. "Beginners must copy the ancients" and "If you don't learn from the ancients, you will walk at night without lights". These arguments are based on experience.
The painting form of Chinese painting and the language core of this form-pen and ink are produced in the unique cultural, historical, social and natural environment of Chinese painting, and formed and developed through the long-term inheritance, perfection, development and creation of generations of painting artists. It has a process of continuous improvement and development. To learn this form, you must master the language that expresses it. The pen and ink language of Chinese painting has its particularity, which is invisible and abstract. Therefore, to master this pen and ink language, we must first learn from our predecessors. Only by mastering this special language can we enter this field, and the level of attainments and achievements in this field depends on the mastery of this language, and the most important way to learn this language is copying. This is Chinese painting, more precisely, the difference between landscape painting and other paintings.
At the beginning of copying, we should choose some works of masters of past dynasties as copying objects, with the aim of establishing a high-grade starting point, high vision, high cognitive level and less detours. If the temporary style is not high and the starting point is not high, it is lifelong. There is an old saying that "there is only one way to follow the law, and there is only one way to follow the law", so you must choose a good copy. In the process of copying, you can also choose some mid-term works of modern masters as copying models, because the early works of such masters still bear more traces of sages and their own styles have not yet formed. As for the later works, they are too personalized to imitate. Therefore, the mid-term works are often in the transitional period of the painting methods and styles of these modern masters, and the layout of their works and the use of pen and ink are more serious and accurate at this time.
There must be good copywriting and correct copywriting methods. First of all, you should read the pictures before copying them. "Reading" means reading, explaining and analyzing. It is necessary to analyze and study the temporary works, and understand the characteristics of pen and ink, methods and steps, and the overall charm of the works. Even if you copy the works of ancient famous artists, you should be good at learning, because every famous artist has his strengths and weaknesses, so you should have the ability to distinguish between good and bad, and see which are its benefits and which are its shortcomings. Choose what it can absorb, absorb and digest as much as possible. Pro-painting is not a tree and a stone, just copy it again. This kind of pro-painting has few benefits. Be sure to find out its law and ask why with pen and ink.
In the process of copying, mentality is very important. We must be able to keep our hearts, and we must not be careless and make specious hasty copying. It's best to make it easy before it's difficult, and simple before it's complicated. Starting with rocks and trees, draw a single tree first, and then draw miscellaneous trees and overgrown trees; Draw a stone first, and then draw a group of stones. First, present the paintings with clear object structure and standard pen and ink, and then present more and more complicated paintings; First face the local, then face the overall situation; First, the scope of copying should be relatively narrowed, and the depth of research should be as subtle as possible, so as not to be greedy for the box. When you finish a painting, compare it with the model painting to see what problems and gaps there are, and then copy it again. Thirdly, it is necessary to solve the problems existing in previous replication in a targeted manner. If we want to copy a painting, we should practice and solve the pen and ink techniques at hand, and also analyze all aspects of the artistic characteristics of this painting, which not only improves our pen and ink techniques, but also enhances our artistic accomplishment and ability to distinguish paintings.
Among the elements of China's landscape painting, trees and stones are the most basic and important elements. In the process of copying, we must first recognize the laws of trees and stones. There are all kinds of trees and stones in nature. When we study and master their similarities, we should also understand their different characteristics. For example, the similarity between trees is their branches, and the growth and combination rules are the same. Branches grow from the trunk, extending from left to right, long and short, sparse and dense, so the rules of all kinds of trees are basically the same. Their difference lies in the direction of the branch. One tree grows upward, such as Sophora japonica, another tree grows downward, such as willow, and another tree grows parallel, such as pine and paulownia. These differences are combined with leaves of different shapes, and all kinds of trees come out. The same is true of stones. The difference between them is the direction of shape and texture. * * * Similarity is the law of stone size combination and texture density. In the process of copying, the masters of past dynasties visualized and symbolized these differences, and there appeared hinges, Yun Toucun, Niu Maocun, folds and so on. Therefore, while copying works, we should understand the differences between objects and images and often visualize the differences captured, which is the emergence of new styles of landscape painting.
Learning landscape painting should not only copy, but also sketch. Copying is the primary stage of learning landscape painting. Through copying, we can learn and master the painting language of predecessors, absorb the artistic experience of others and enrich our own means of expression. However, copying is learning rather than creating. Blind copying will lead to "unfamiliarity", lose the original ability and become a copying machine for other people's works. Therefore, Li Keran, a master of landscape painting, once said, "Try your best to get in and get out", in which "getting in and getting out" refers to copying and sketching. Only by sketching can we master the laws of nature, understand the intention of previous painters to use pen and ink, understand how various images in real life are transformed into painting formal language, and finally "change the past into my own law" and "make the past serve the present".
In a word, copying is an essential way to learn China's landscape painting. Copying is a lifelong lesson for a Danqing family. Only the beginning does not end, but in different periods, the way of copying is different. If you can achieve great success, small success will be necessary.
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