Traditional festivals related to Shandong

It is a unique custom in Jiaonan to climb Langya platform in the first month. Jiaonan eats New Year's Eve dinner not at midnight, but at five o'clock, so the locals call it "New Year's Eve". After dinner, people began to pay New Year greetings. After the New Year, at dawn, men, women and children around Langyatai Village went to Langyatai with firecrackers and incense. Until the fifteenth day of the first month, there was an endless stream of people in Langyatai. Nowadays, every year, Langyatai Scenic Area posts couplets, hangs firecrackers, prepares ancient sedan chairs and plays. , rendering the atmosphere of "Year".

Climbing Maozi Peak in the first month is another unique custom in Jiaonan. After New Year's Eve, people hold lanterns, firecrackers, paper money and sacrifices. And climbed the peak of Maozi Mountain, a peak at the southern foot of Dazhu Mountain. The top of the mountain used to be Xu Shu Temple, but now only the temple base is left.

In the first month, folk art performance is a major folk landscape in Jiaonan. The folk art performances in Jiaonan are traditional stilts, dry boats, dragon dances and lion dances. In the past, folk artists spontaneously organized and performed in rural areas, which has been popular for a long time. Before the 14th day of the first month of each year, it is the performance time of local towns and villages. On the 14th day of the first month, it will be staged at the same time in Dachang, Huangshan, Liu Wang and other township stations. On the fifteenth day of the first month, Jiaonan held a parade of floats around the city, and an exhibition of folk art was held in the city.

Laiwu customhouse

As soon as we entered the twelfth lunar month, every household in Laiwu bought fish, wine, incense and firecrackers, which was called "New Year's Eve Dinner" and asked the whole family to eat it until the end of the month. Carry out a general cleaning, which is called "sweeping the dust". After breakfast on the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month, we began to post Spring Festival couplets, door gods, kitchen gods and New Year pictures. The table used for ancestor worship is called "Please Family Hall". In the evening, the whole family, old and young, get together to have a sumptuous "reunion dinner" and enjoy family happiness. This is called "saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new". After dinner, we light straw and set off firecrackers outside the door, which means the courtyard is auspicious and bright. It is called "Zhao Ting". Then, the whole family stayed up all night, wrapped in jiaozi (mostly plain stuffing, meaning "plain and clean"), and sat around the stove, guarding the family until dawn.

In the early morning of Shuori, "paper code" (burning paper, incense, "gold ingot" and so on. ) and set off firecrackers to worship the gods of heaven and earth to welcome the first day of the new year. Then the whole family will pack jiaozi together. After dinner, men, women and children began to pay New Year greetings in new clothes. First worship the ancestors and elders, and then pay tribute and say hello according to the relationship between family and neighbors. The closest relatives and elders distribute "lucky money" or candy to young children and deliver them to the family hall on the same day or the next afternoon.

From the third day to the fifteenth day, relatives and friends give gifts to each other in the New Year, some neighbors invite each other to drink, and conditional towns hold entertainment activities such as juggling, performances and storytelling.

On the fifteenth day of the first month of the Lantern Festival, people used to eat jiaozi or Yuanxiao, and used 12 steamed lamps to match mixed noodles. In the evening, they put surface lamps, radish lamps and paper lamps at the door, ancestral home, riverside and intersection respectively. Put a "fire" on Joe when turning on the light. Put flowerpots, firecrackers, etc. On the street and in the courtyard.

Ji 'nan Customs

Baotuquan Lantern Festival

On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, commonly known as "Lantern Festival" or "Lantern Festival", the annual Lantern Festival in Jinan is extremely spectacular.

The annual Baotu Spring Lantern Festival is even more unique. All kinds of lanterns, bird and beast lanterns, lantern lanterns, story lanterns, riddle lanterns, etc. Or magnificent, or simple and elegant, or original, with distinctive local color. On this day, it is popular for every household to eat Yuanxiao.

play on the swing

During the period of Tomb-Sweeping Day, the custom of swinging was also spread in urban and rural areas of Jinan. On this day, men and women, old and young, dressed in new clothes, put up a wooden frame in the square in front of the street, put up a crossbar, hung two ropes below, and tied a board horizontally under the ropes. People can sit on the board or stand on the board, and they can float up and down with two ropes in their hands, which is very fun. According to legend, swinging was originally a game of northern conference semifinals. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, it was mostly used in the harem of emperors and gardens of dignitaries, and then gradually spread to the people.

Planting trees by inserting willows

Qingming is the season of "green willow and yellow are not connected". In urban and rural areas of Jinan, there used to be a custom of putting willows in the door. Women and children wore willow branches and balls. It is said that this custom is to commemorate Shennong, the founder of farmers who taught people to grow crops, and later developed into remembering the year and expressing a good wish for longevity. There is an agricultural proverb in the countryside, "Wear a flower, and it will give birth to 180; insert one, and it will give birth to 190". Later, the custom of wearing willow was gradually eliminated, while inserting willow and planting willow prevailed and spread, and later evolved into afforestation in the Qingming period.

Bathe the Buddha and set him free.

It is a religious festival to bathe the Buddha and set him free. Every year, the eighth day of the fourth lunar month is the Bathing Buddha Festival. People give each other sweet water, burn incense in Buddhist temples, or buy aquatic animals such as fish, turtles, snails and mussels to release them, which is called "bathing Buddha". There are many special release ponds in the temple for people to keep animals. Legend has it that the eighth day of April is the birthday of Sakyamuni Buddha. On this day, monks and Taoists in Dongyue Temple and Arctic Temple set up a platform to recite scriptures, and many good men and women flocked to the temple to compete for money. Some people also recite the release mantra all day and throw the bought aquatic animals such as fish, turtles, snails and mussels into the water to express their compassion and piety to religion.

Dragon Boat Festival

People in Jinan celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival with the following characteristics: painting door symbols. On the Dragon Boat Festival, people use the images of "five poisons" (scorpion, centipede, poisonous snake, toad and gecko) to make paper-cuts and become symbols of doors. It is said that this is done to drive away the "five poisons" and prevent the plague. Hanging branches of mugwort in Ai Hu-On the morning of Dragon Boat Festival, people put branches of mugwort on doors, or weave "Ai Hu" with mugwort leaves and wear them in the middle of the lintel to ward off evil spirits and protect health. Drink realgar wine and eat zongzi-before the Dragon Boat Festival breakfast, drink a cup of realgar wine first, and then eat zongzi wrapped in glutinous rice and red dates. It is said that drinking yellow wine is to kill insects and evil spirits, and making zongzi is to pay tribute to the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Wearing sachets and tying colored silk thread-it is also a popular custom in Jinan Dragon Boat Festival to wear sachets for children and tie colored silk thread on their wrists. This sachet is embroidered with cotton cloth and silk thread. In addition to realgar and atractylodes rhizome, the sachet also contains spices made of herbs, which can drive away insects and filth when worn on the body. Multicolored lines symbolize five-colored dragons and can subdue monsters. On the Dragon Boat Festival, some celebrities in Jinan go boating, partying, drinking, writing poems and singing in Huming Lake. Some of these customs have continued to this day, such as inserting moxa sticks and making zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival, which is still very popular in Jinan today.

Bitong drink

Lotus plays an important role in Jinan people's life. In the use of lotus, Jinan has some special customs. One of the most interesting is the blue tube drink. When the lotus flowers in Daming Lake are in full bloom, some officials and scholars often go to the lake for the summer. They cut off the big lotus leaves in the lake and put wine on them. Then they stabbed the central part of the lotus leaf with a hairpin, making it communicate with the hollow lotus stem and drinking wine from the end of the lotus stem. This is the beautiful talk "Bitong Drink" handed down by literati in Tang and Song Dynasties.

In Jinan, lotus leaves can be used not only to make wine, but also to make many unique foods. In the past, people in Jinan also had the custom of eating lotus, among which "fried lotus" is a famous dish unique to Jinan in summer. After washing the fresh and complete lotus petals, hang a thin layer of egg paste, fry in the oil pan, sprinkle with white sugar after frying, and eat in your mouth. They are delicious, memorable and deeply loved by people.

Chichun

People in Jinan like to eat Toona sinensis. Toona sinensis is a kind of tree with fragrant and edible leaves. In the Qing Dynasty, people called picking and eating young leaves of Toona sinensis in spring "eating spring", which means welcoming the New Year. Zhonggong area in the suburb of Jinan is rich in Toona sinensis. Every spring, when Toona sinensis sprouts and grows leaves, it is also the time for Jinan people to "eat spring". At this time, farmers will break off tender purple or light green buds and take them to the market to sell; People who like to "eat spring" rush to buy them home and taste the sweetness of spring. There are many ways to eat Toona sinensis, and Jinan's "Toona sinensis sprouts mixed with tofu" is very famous.

On July 30th, the river lantern was released.

In Jinan, in the past, on the evening of July 30th every year, Buddhist temples held bonsai meetings to educate Buddhist scriptures. Some people burned a lot of incense sticks and planted them on the ground along the walls of the courtyard and Yong Road to show their piety to the Tibetan king. Others turn out the ghosts who died in the river in the form of river lanterns.

River lanterns are made of wet noodles. After drying, pour the soybean oil into the lamp bowl, rub it into a wick with cotton, light it, put it into the river and let it flow downstream. At this time, I saw the bright lights on the river, twinkling and fluttering, and the river was red. It is said that the drowning "ghost" in the river can be super-living when it sees light. Setting off river lanterns is a superstitious activity of Buddhism.

Ming Hu Zou ou

Jinan is rich in lotus roots, especially in Hu Ming. It is a traditional custom in Jinan to step on lotus roots in Huming Lake. When stepping on the lotus root, the person stepping on the lotus root wears a leather waterproof "jumpsuit". Leather clothing softens when it meets water, so the wearer can use it freely in water. I saw my head or fur coat flowing on the water, which was very rhythmic. This is the lotus root surfer who explores the lotus root underwater with his feet. After finding the lotus root branch, you need to find a suitable lotus root node, then step on it hard, and a fresh lotus root will be broken off from the root, then dig out the water in the lotus root with your feet, grab a piece of black mud on the lotus root and apply it outside the fracture to avoid pouring water. Because there is air in the lotus root, it can float on the water, otherwise it will sink into the water. Finally, collect the lotus roots floating on the water and sell them in the market.

"Ninth Five-Year Plan" Qianfoshan Ascending the Mountain

In Jinan, people climb Qianfo Mountain every Double Ninth Festival. Since the Yuan Dynasty, this day has been designated as the Thousand Foshan Temple Fair, so it is more lively. In addition to enjoying chrysanthemums, Jinan people also have the custom of eating chrysanthemums, picking white chrysanthemum petals and dipping them in flour for frying; Or make chrysanthemum hot pot with meat and have a picnic on the mountain with chrysanthemum soaked in wine. In addition to climbing mountains, Jinan people used to eat steamed jujube cakes on the Double Ninth Festival. There are jujube cakes on the street, mostly made of glutinous rice and jujube or red beans and jujube, which are steamed and cut and sold on the street.

Ma Shang jiaozi Ma Xia noodles

When Shandong people go out or send off guests in their own homes, they will invite people who are about to leave for jiaozi. This is called "sedan chair mountain", which means that sedan chairs are like ancient silver ingots and ingots. I hope they will go out and make a fortune. When family members come from afar or guests visit, dinner must be noodles, commonly known as "getting off the horse's face." Legend has it that pasta is like a rope, which stumbles a visitor's horse leg and makes him stay for a few more days to show his affection.

Crafts: kites in Weifang, ceramics in Zibo.