What are the three caves in China?

Mogao grottoes, Yungang grottoes, Longmen grottoes.

Mogao grottoes 1

Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as Thousand Buddha Cave, is located in Dunhuang at the western end of Hexi Corridor. Founded in the pre-Qin period of the Sixteen Countries, after the Sixteen Countries, Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Five Dynasties, Xixia and Yuan Dynasties, it has formed a huge scale, with 735 caves, 45,000 square meters of murals and 24 15 clay sculptures. It is the largest and richest Buddhist art site in the world.

2. Yungang grottoes

Yungang Grottoes is located at the south foot of Wuzhou Mountain, which is17km west of Datong City, Shanxi Province in northern China. Grottoes are dug along the mountain, stretching from east to west 1 km. There are 45 main caves, 252 caves and niches, and more than 565,438+0,000 stone carvings. It is one of the largest ancient caves in China.

3. Longmen grottoes

Longmen Grottoes are located in Longmen Mountain and Xiangshan Mountain on both sides of the Yihe River in Luolong District, Luoyang City, Henan Province. It was dug in the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and then it was built on a large scale in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty for more than 400 years, with a length of 1 km from north to south. Today, there are 2345 caves, more than 654.38 million statues and more than 2800 inscriptions.

Among them, Longmen Twenty is the essence of Weibei calligraphy, and Chu Suiliang's A Que Buddhist Shrine Monument is a model of regular script art in the early Tang Dynasty.

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Mogao grottoes 1

The construction of Dunhuang Grottoes and its historical process, the long history of Dunhuang, the influential clans and surnames in the local area, and the relationship between Dunhuang and neighboring ethnic groups and the western regions are not or rarely recorded in history.

There are thousands of portraits of patrons in Dunhuang Grottoes, of which more than 1000 still have titles. Can understand a lot of historical situations and historical clues.

2. Yungang grottoes

Yungang Grottoes are magnificent and rich in content. It is the crown of stone carving art in China in the 5th century A.D., and is known as the treasure house of ancient carving art in China. According to the excavation time, it can be divided into three periods: early, middle and late, and the grotto sculpture styles in different periods also have their own characteristics.

The early "Tan Yaodong" was magnificent and had a rich and simple western flavor. In the middle period, the grottoes were famous for their exquisite carvings and ornate decorations, showing the complex and magnificent artistic style of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Although the scale of the grottoes in the later period is small, the figures are slender and handsome, and the proportion is moderate. It is a model of grottoes art in northern China and the origin of "skinny and picturesque". In addition, the music, dance and acrobatic sculptures left in the grottoes also reflected the popularity of Buddhist thought at that time and the social life of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

3. Longmen grottoes

Longmen Grottoes is the most concentrated place where royal nobles made wishes and statues in the Northern Wei and Tang Dynasties. It embodies the will and behavior of the royal family and has a strong ethnic and religious color.

The statues of the two dynasties reflect very different styles of the times. The statues in the Northern Wei Dynasty lost the rough, majestic and vigorous features of the statues in Yungang Grottoes here, but the flavor of life gradually became strong and tended to be lively, delicate and gentle.

These statues of the Northern Wei Dynasty have slender faces, thin shoulders and straight chests, and clothes lines are carved with straight knives, which are vigorous and simple. Among the numerous caves carved in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the most representative ones are Guyang Cave, Binyang Middle Cave, Lotus Cave and Cave Temple.

Among them, Guyangdong concentrated a group of statues of royal aristocrats and court ministers in the early stage of the Northern Wei Dynasty's move to Luoyang, which typically reflected the historical model of the Northern Wei Dynasty's national worship of Buddhism.

These magnificent stone carvings are precious records of the integration of China traditional culture and foreign civilization.

Baidu encyclopedia-Mogao grottoes

Baidu Encyclopedia-Three Grottoes

Baidu encyclopedia-Yungang grottoes

Baidu encyclopedia-Longmen grottoes