Why do Manchu folk songs live on?

In the folk songs of the Northeast, due to the intermingling of Manchu and Han cultures, it makes it difficult to distinguish between Manchu and Han folk songs. However, we can still find traces of Manchu folk songs in a large number of Han folk songs, which can be seen only in the Han folk songs of the three northeastern provinces collected in the third volume of Chinese Folk Songs (Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House, September 1982 edition). From the folk songs of Heilongjiang Province, such as "Playing Autumn Swing" (Baiquan), "Ten Flower Stick Tunes" (Qiqihar), and "Sacrificial Cavity Tunes"; Jilin Province, "Small Tunes" (Liuhe); Liaoning Province, "Plucking Cabbage Tunes" (Lingyuan), "December Minor Tunes", "Double Fifths of the Night" (Changhai), and "Sizhou Tunes" (Chaoyang), it can be seen that the folk songs show the characteristics of Manchu folk songs in terms of rhythms, tuning, backbone tuning tone, accent, and melody. The characteristics of Manchu folk songs can be seen in the rhythm, tonality, cadence and melody of these folk songs.

In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, that is, on the eve of the birth of the two people, the Manchu Chinese folk songs have been very rich, widely circulated in the northeast, in these folk songs, love songs, children's songs and secular songs, etc., love songs for its main body. On the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, is the Manchu "safflower will", young men and women "song on the road", through the "song" way to choose a spouse, love. "Songs on the road" that is, singing while walking, "song" that is, a man and a woman sing to each other. This is very similar to the basic form of the duo - a man and a woman "turning" to sing, in terms of performance techniques, and more than the use of the technique of laying out.

For example, in the Manchu folk song "Two Flowers," there is a passage that reads:

Spring dresses are colorful, and there is a lot of flirtation,

Putting on lipstick and powder, and relieving idle worries,

Ennai (uh-which) ai hi yo.

Go home, change your clothes and comb your hair.

The girl's hairpin was shaken on her head,

Silk threads were attached to her waist,

The Gegelek (robe) had a checkerboard collar,

Guan Huoluo (dress lace) had gold threads.

Yunzi button tabs twelve,

Ennai (uh-huh) ai hi yo.

Two and a half kilograms of tobacco in the mouth.

Niu's flower shoes are embroidered even higher,

Wooden high soles and immortals cross the bridge.

The upper of the shoe is embroidered with a tree,

The lotus flower is embroidered, and it floats in the water,

A pair of birds falls on the top of the tree,

Ennai (hmmm) ai hi yo.

Embroider her heart on a shoe.

The jumping dance in front of Shenyang Sisheng Temple is a spectacular spectacle

This is just like the "grooming chapter" of Ernuo, and the "Ennai (嗯哪)哎嗨呦"", "wahoo hi" and other throwbacks are similar to the "Ennai (嗯哪)哎嗨呦". "and other fluttering accents, no different from the two-people turn. The description of the folk song "Asha Qiao" can be described as the "praise chapter" of the two-people turn:

Ernai Qiao, Er Yun Qiao, who does not have Asha Qiao.

A red paper is spread on the bed, and two scissors are hinged on each other.

The left hand hinges on a branch of a tree, the right hand hinges on a pair of birds.

The magpies fly in the window, the chickens, ducks, geese and dogs run all over the yard.

The big fat pig pouted its lips and put up two pointed ears,

The eagle caught a big bird, the deer ate grass,

The kitten washed its face. The Asha is not a coincidence.

The Manchu have the word "drinking", also known as "drinking", that is, the meaning of singing, no matter what the occasion, what the scene can be drinking. So, from the existing Manchu folk songs can see, its content is very close to life, simple to the degree of straightforward. Such as "hunting song", "water song", "dumplings", "outside the dog bites who", "sister-in-law lost a needle", "children sleep" and so on.

And then, for example, people in the middle of the planks loaded with loess to beat the earth wall, in the tamping process, in the papermaking pulp churning, singing "a churn ah ...... two churn ah ......" tamping song. Guandong superstitious children frightened, that is, by some demons led away from the soul, so there is a "call the soul" of the move. A call for the soul of the law is in the middle of the night by the mother with a Manchu wooden spoon while knocking on the threshold while calling "Calamus Calamus back to it -", the end of a long time, and then gradually replaced by a new call for the soul of the method, such as the child was bumped into a certain part of the, call "touch the face, scared not a little, touch the head, scared not, touch the ear, scared not a moment ......" and so on. Manchu women in the New Year package sticky meat and potatoes with the package with singing, is the fall washing bedding whacking cloth also accompanied by the mallet up and down singing "whack ah whack, whacking mallet ......" and some other ditties.

Manchu children more playful, general games and more accompanied by rhyming lyrics, such as "JI Jiling": "JI Jiling, run the city of horses, the city of horses open, send miss send a letter to ......" and "braided garlic": "garlic sales, what garlic, green, green, green, green, green, green, green, green. Sell garlic to, what garlic, green radish purple skin garlic ......" and so on. All the children's songs, nursery rhymes and ballads of the Manchu people are singable, and their tunes live in Manchu songs and dances and survive in Guandong folklore.

Guandong Manchu and Han children are born with a rocking car yo, said the Guandong "three strange" one of the "live child hanging up". Mothers and relatives sang while yo, its name is "yo car song" or "lullaby", is still intact.

The royal car in the Imperial Palace in Shengjing was also accompanied by the "car song"

The Manchu "car song" sung:

Yuyuzha, Babuza,

Wolf, tiger,

Tiger jumped over the wall.

Yuyuza, Babuza,

Little brother, go to sleep now,

Amma is on a horse expedition.

Da Hua Plume, Er Hua Plume,

Earned the credit is for you two.

Little brother, go to sleep now,

The credit goes to both of you.

Yuuza, Babuza,

Little night ho, little night ho,

Tin ho Mengchun Mordo get ho.

Yoyoza, Babuza,

Little brother, go to bed.

YuYuZa, BabuZa,

Small A-Go, Sleeping ......

These folk songs have distinctive primitive features, which are more difficult to integrate with the Han folk songs and do not have the internal factors to evolve into raps and operas, so they are preserved to this day.