What are the forms of architecture?

Common building structures include wood structure, masonry structure, concrete structure, reinforced concrete, steel structure, prestressed structure and brick-concrete structure.

1. Wood structure: refers to the structure mainly made of wood, which is usually connected by tenons, teeth, bolts, nails, pins and glue. Wood is a structural material that is easy to obtain and process. Wood structure is light in weight, easy to transport and disassemble, and can be used many times, so it is widely used in building construction, bridges and scaffolding.

2. Masonry structure: refers to the structure dominated by bricks or stones, which is one of the traditional building structures in China, creating the peak of the development of masonry towers in China, with rich forms, diverse structures and advanced structural practices. From the plane, there are squares, hexagons and octagons, and after the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, octagons are the main ones.

3. Concrete structure: refers to the structure mainly composed of ordinary concrete. The General Symbols, Units of Measurement and Basic Terminology of Building Structure Design (GEM83-85) points out that it includes plain concrete structure, reinforced concrete structure and prestressed concrete structure. It has a wide range of applications and is the most widely used structure in civil engineering.

4. Reinforced concrete: refers to the structure made of reinforced concrete. Because the tensile strength of concrete is much lower than the compressive strength, concrete structures cannot be used for beams and plates under tensile stress.

5. Steel structure: refers to the structure mainly made of steel. Among them, the structure made of steel strip or steel plate by cold working is called cold-formed steel structure. Steel beams, steel columns, steel trusses and other components made of steel plates and sections; Components or parts are connected by welding, bolts or bolts.

6. Prestressed structure: refers to the steel structure that is prestressed by a specific method before the load is applied to the structure, so that the internal stress state is conducive to the structure to bear the external load. Prestressed structures can be used in long-span building structures, crane beams, bridge-span structures, large-diameter liquid storage tanks, pressure pipes and pressure vessels.

7. Brick-concrete structure: The buildings and columns of the central load-bearing structure of the building are built with bricks or blocks, and the beams, floors and roof slabs are built with reinforced concrete structures. In other words, brick-concrete structure is a load-bearing structure with a small part of reinforced concrete and most of brick walls.

Slipform architecture

Slipform architecture is generally a formwork system with a certain height assembled according to the plane shape of the building. Continuously lift the formwork with hydraulic lifting equipment, scrape the concrete at the top, and continuously pour the concrete wall after demoulding at the bottom.

Sliding formwork only solves the deflection of the wall, and the floors and beams in the building need to be prefabricated and fired on site. Slipform is composed of template system, operating platform system, hydraulic system and support rod.

Slipform construction can be applied to multi-storey residential buildings, office buildings and other buildings, especially to multi-storey industrial buildings and structures (such as multi-storey frames, storage notices, chimneys, cooling towers, TV towers, electric cotton wells in high-rise buildings and so on). ).

It is characterized by fast construction speed, high mechanization level, saving labor, formwork and construction land, good building integrity and strong earthquake resistance, but the process equipment is more complicated and the construction operation is more difficult.