Please translate Chinese into English accurately. Thank you.

Teaching plan

First, the history and classification of Chinese painting.

Chinese painting is called Chinese painting because it is different from foreign paintings such as oil paintings (also known as western paintings) imported from the west. Chinese painting is an oil painting (also known as western painting) imported from the west, and other foreign countries call it Chinese painting and sketch, or oil painting. Chinese painting has a long history. As early as 2000 years ago, during the Warring States Period, there was a kind of painting painted on silk-silk painting (dragon and phoenix painting). Before that, there were primitive rock paintings (portraits of faces) and painted pottery paintings "Snake Head Stone Axe". China's painting has a long history. As far back as the Warring States period more than 2,000 years ago, Huabo (the figure of dragons and phoenixes) had been painted on silk paintings, as well as rock paintings (portraits of faces) and painted pottery paintings "story axe fish". Chinese paintings can be subdivided into ink paintings, heavy colors, light crimson, meticulous brushwork, freehand brushwork and line drawing. According to its materials and expression methods; Chinese painting is divided into three major painting subjects-figure painting, landscape painting and flower-and-bird painting. The materials and expression methods used by Chinese painting itself are also manifested in the subdivision, heavy color, hidden river, meticulous brushwork, freehand brushwork and line drawing of ink and wash. Chinese painting is divided into three branches according to the theme-figure painting, landscape painting and flower-and-bird painting. In terms of ideological content and artistic creation, it reflects the social consciousness and aesthetic taste of the Chinese nation, and embodies China people's understanding of nature, society and politics, philosophy, religion, morality, literature and art related to it. Chinese painting embodies China people's social consciousness and aesthetic taste in ideological content and artistic creation, and China people's understanding of nature, society, politics, philosophy, religion, morality, art and so on.

Chinese painting is a painting created by China's unique pen and ink and pigments in accordance with long-term forms of expression and artistic laws. Chinese painting is a kind of painting with unique brush, ink and pigment in China, which is expressed and created according to long-standing laws and artistic forms.

Second, the tools, materials and usage of Chinese painting Second, the tools, materials and usage of Chinese painting

1. Coloring tools: white porcelain products are better, and several small plates should be prepared for color matching or ink mixing. Plum blossom tray and layered tray are ideal color removal trays, and different pigments should be stored separately. 1, tool palette: white porcelain products are better, or color ink should be prepared to transfer some small plates, except for the color and plum tray settings and better, different colors should be stored separately.

Water storage tank: water is used to wash pens or supply clean water, and white porcelain is also better. Cup water storage: washing water or pen water, white porcelain is also preferred.

Felt: there is a lining on the painting stage, which can prevent ink from penetrating and polluting the picture. After the paper is laid, the picture is not easy to be damaged by the pen. Carpet painting: the pad painted on the table can prevent ink from penetrating into the painting and getting dirty, and it is not easy to rub the pen after the paper is laid on the screen.

Pen: pens are divided into two types: hard hair and soft hair. Wolf hair and purple hair are hard hair. Pen-making: Pen-making centers are divided into hardware centers and software centers, and hardware centers such as Langhao and Zihao. It is characterized by flexibility, less water absorption, fast running water, straight line drawing and easy dry pen drawing. Characterized by flexibility, less water, fast running water, drawing straight lines, smooth and easy to dry. Wool quilt is soft, characterized by large water absorption, slow running water, moist and round ink color, and obvious changes in shade. Yang Hao divides water into soft water, which is characterized by large quantity and slow flow. After absorbing water, the color is round and the concentration value changes obviously.

Ink inkstone: With oily smoke ink as ink, it is best to grind inkstone into fine black ink. Yan Mo: Ink is made of smoked ink, and fine ink is preferred. The ink used now can draw the corresponding effect as soon as it enters the cabinet. Now you can get the corresponding results with the same ink.

Paper: The paper used for freehand brushwork is raw Xuan paper, among which Hui Xuan paper is the best, which can show the effect of ink color change. Paper: Paper is a kind of decent paper, among which logo is the best, and the effect is expressed by the change of color.

Pigment: Chinese painting pigments can be divided into mineral pigments and plant pigments. Color: Color painting can be divided into two types: mineral pigment and plant pigment. Mineral pigments include ochre, cinnabar, azurite, and stone green. Plant pigments include gamboge (toxic, don't put it in your mouth), rouge and cyanine. Mineral pigments include ochre, cinnabar, azurite, gamboge and other lacquer plants (toxic, not suitable for mouth), rouge, anthocyanin and other brown colors. In addition, there are synthetic lead powder (zinc white) and other colors. In addition, there are synthetic lead (zinc white) colors, such as Zhu Zhi. The minerals are thick and covered. Minerals are rich in color and covered. Plant color is also called water color, and transparent color is thinner. Also known as color plant color, transparent color thin.

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