Who is a famous folk musician in China?

Formerly known as Hua, he is a folk musician. Blindness due to eye diseases. He studied hard, kept improving, widely absorbed folk music tunes, and wrote and played more than 270 folk songs in his life. There are six erhu songs, two springs reflecting the moon, listening to pine, cold spring breeze and pipa, big waves washing sand, dragon boat and Zhaojun out of the jam.

A Bing was born in the 19th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1August 893 17). A Bing was born in Yihe Villa next to Leizun Temple in Wuxi. Later, he became blind due to eye diseases. His father, Huaqing River, is the head of Leizun Hall, a Taoist temple in Sanqing Hall, Wuxi, and is good at Taoist music. Hua lost his mother at the age of three and was raised by his aunt. At the age of 8, he joined his father as a Taoist in Leizuntang. I began to study in a private school for three years, and then I learned drums, flutes, erhu, pipa and other musical instruments from my father. 12 years old has been able to play a variety of musical instruments, often participating in confession, chanting, playing music and other activities. 18 years old, known as Wuxi Daole expert. When his father died at the age of 22, he continued to be a Taoist in Leizuntang. Later, due to careless friends, I got into the bad habit of prostitution and drug abuse. At the age of 34, he was blind. In order to make a living, he carried the erhu on his back, took to the streets, wrote songs, rapped news and became a street performer. At the age of 40, she lived with the widow Dong Caidi. Singing in the paddock in front of Sanwanchang Teahouse in Chong'an Temple every afternoon. He dared to cut to the chase, attacked the darkness of society and attracted the audience with popular rap forms. After the 28th Incident, he wrote and sang the news of "19th Route Army Heroically Resisting the Enemy in Shanghai" and played March of the Volunteers with erhu. In the campaign against Japanese goods, he used passionate language to inspire people's patriotic enthusiasm. Many of his news sang the hearts of the masses and won the love of ordinary citizens. Every night I walk up and down the street, playing the erhu by hand and playing it while walking. The timbre is moving. It was during this period that Er Quan Ying Yue, which is well-known in the international music scene, was created. After the Japanese invaded Wuxi, A Bing and Dong Caidi took refuge in their hometown together. Soon I went to Shanghai, worked as a pianist in Kunqu Opera Banxianni Club, played the three strings and played the blind man in the movie seventh heaven. At this time, his "Listening to Songs" is a heroic and emotional erhu solo, which poured into the patriotic enthusiasm of his unwilling conquered nation. In 28 years, he returned to Xicheng and returned to his old job. He goes to the teahouse every morning to collect all kinds of news, comes back to conceive and create, and sings in front of Chong'an Temple teahouse in the afternoon; At night, I played the erhu and his "Cold Spring Breeze" in the street. His piano skills are superb. He can play the pipa on his head. He can also imitate the voices of men, women and children talking, sighing, laughing and hitting dogs with erhu. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, he was forbidden to rap news in a fixed place in Chong'an Temple. In 36 years of the Republic of China, he suffered from lung disease and vomited blood in bed. From then on, he stopped performing in the street and made a living by repairing the huqin at home. 1On April 23rd, 949, Wuxi was liberated, and A Bing and his music "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" were reborn. /kloc-in the summer of 0/950, in order to explore, study and preserve folk music, the teachers and students of the Central Conservatory of Music entrusted Professor Yang and others to make a special trip to Wuxi to record three erhu songs, Tingsong, Cold, Big Waves for Sand, Dragon Boat and Zhaojun's Embarkation. Hua is proficient in all kinds of musical instruments and Taoist music. A Bing showed a rare talent for music when he was young. At the age of 65,438+00, his father taught him to beat stones to resist the cold and practice various rhythms (and later became a famous local drummer). /kloc-at the age of 0/2, A Bing began to learn to play the flute. His father often asked him to blow at the tuyere and hang an iron ring at the end of the flute to strengthen his wrist. Later, he simply replaced the iron ring with a weight. When A Bing studied erhu, he worked harder. His strings were dyed red with blood and his fingers were pulled out of thick cocoons. The outer strings of A Bing's erhu are much thicker than ordinary ones, which is inseparable from his perennial practice. /kloc-at the age of 0/7, A Bing officially participated in Taoist music performance. He is handsome and has a good voice. He is called "Little Shi Tian". On February 4th, A Bing died at the age of 57. Bing

A Bing's life is full of dramatic ups and downs. It is said that the only image he left in his life was a standard photo on the "Good Citizen's Card" during the Japanese and Puppet rule in Wuxi. In the photo, a skinny middle-aged man, wearing a pair of blind glasses and a broken felt hat, shows hardships and vicissitudes. Perhaps A Bing's fate is the reason why his music is touching. The illegitimate child of Huaqing River was deprived of the right of affection at birth. When his biological mother reluctantly ended her life in order to resist secular discrimination, some hidden parts of the child's personality could already be seen. The teenager who has been in foster care for several years has returned to his biological father, Hua Qinghe, and his eyes may be more puzzled. I know from the information that his name is "Master" and I came to see him as a Taoist father. Hua Qing and Xue Mei are proficient in all kinds of musical instruments. A Bing studied hard and soon mastered the playing skills of erhu, sanxian, pipa and flute. At the moment, A Bing still thinks that he is just an orphan who is taken care of by good people. However, when he was 2 1 year old, A Bing suddenly understood his life experience before Huaqing and died. The days after that are also very embarrassing! Hua, the new leader of Leizuntang in Wuxi Taoist Temple Virtual Palace, seems to be very laissez-faire, eating, drinking, gambling and even smoking opium. The absurd life brought absurd results: because syphilis invaded his eyes, he lost control of the Taoist temple. After living on the street, the tribe arranged Dong Caidi, a rural widow in Jiangyin, to take care of him. Things are so contradictory. A Bing didn't break the jar in pain and despair. In the following days, a creative folk artist who rapped about current events and entertained on the street was born again. He is the famous "A Bing the Blind". An article recalled by an eyewitness at that time said that after the Japanese army invaded Wuxi, A Bing and Dong Caidi went out to take refuge and worked as pianists playing sanxian in the Xianni Society of Kunqu Opera in Shanghai. During this period, they even played a mass role in the film "seventh heaven" filmed at that time. A Bing composed his most touching music during his life as a busker. There are many stories in Erhu Opera "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon". I accidentally read one of them, saying that Li Songshou, a professor at Nanjing Normal University, was a neighbor of A Bing when he was a child. He liked erhu when he was a teenager, and he often got advice from A Bing on playing techniques. Later, he was admitted to the folk music department of Nanjing Art Institute. It's getting colder every day. He moved his finger outside the teacher's piano room and pulled out a piece of music that A Bing taught him. At the end of a song, a man came up and asked him what song he was playing. The teacher told him that the gentleman who asked him was Professor Yang from the Central Conservatory of Music. Li Songshou said that this piece of music was taught by a folk artist in his hometown and has no name. Yang said that this song is good. They are collecting folk music, and they want to record such good folk music with a steel wire recorder just imported from abroad. Li Songshou invited Professor Yang back to his hometown until September, when Yang, Cao An and two professors came to Wuxi. This time they brought the recording task of Wuxi Taoist music. After recording these Taoist music, Li Songshou insisted that they record A Bing's music. After playing a song, Professor Yang asked the title of the song softly, but said there was no name. Professor Yang said that you can't do without a name. You have to come up with one. A Bing went on to say that it is called "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon". Professor Yang also said that the name "Yin Yue" was too heavy for Cantonese opera. If it is not called "reflecting the moon", are there mountains and lakes in Wuxi? A Bing said, well, if you are knowledgeable, I will listen to you. On this matter, Mr. Li Songshou said in his reminiscence article:1On September 2, 950, my wife and I accompanied Mr. Yang, Mr. Cao An and two gentlemen to find the recording, and the recording began at 7: 30 that evening. When recording, A Bing held A Bing because he was in poor health.

The strength is not enough, and the piano is also found temporarily, so the recording of "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" is not the best. A Bing's last performance was on September 25th, 1950, that is, the 23rd day after recording, which seemed to be a literary performance of the inaugural meeting of Wuxi Stomatological Association. A Bing propped up his sick body and went out. Because he walked slowly, when he got to the venue, the performance was almost over. I helped A Bing onto the stage and sat in front of the microphone. This is the first time and the only time that A Bing has ever performed in front of a microphone. At first, A Bing played the pipa, and then someone in the audience asked A Bing to play the erhu. My wife and I told A Bing to pay attention to his health and not to play. A Bing said: "I play the piano for the villagers in Wuxi, and I am willing to die." Then he played "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" many times. I remember people everywhere, even the windows were crowded with people. At the end of the performance, the audience applauded and cheered. A Bing took off his hat and nodded. More than 80 years ago, the piano played by A Bing, a street performer and beggar, often fluttered in the streets of Wuxi. His impromptu performance not only achieved the sad song of "two springs reflecting the moon", but more importantly, he got rid of the mentality of watching the play and rose to a sense of destiny with me. Concern for the world, self-thinking and suffering make it easy for some people to compare him with Beethoven. It's not the hardship of people's lives, nor is it the ancients' saying that "God will give great responsibility to people in Sri Lanka", but their real behavior. A great work is a history of the soul, which reflects the reasons why people stand. What I often feel in A Bing's music is that at that moment, I can tell right from wrong. I remember a passage introducing Japanese conductor Seiji Ozawa, saying that when he first heard the song "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", he told others with tears: "Music like this should be listened to on your knees." Because of the recording in 1950, A Bing kept six pieces of music composed by him, which are Erhu music "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", "Listening to Pine", "Spring Breeze on a Cold Night", Pipa music "Big Waves for Sand", "Dragon Boat" and "Zhaojun Out of the Plug", which are well known to the world today. This is a lucky thing. As a folk artist, his hard life may be just one of countless blood and tears in history. Fortunately, he had an opportunity not only to express himself with his own hands and notes, but also to infect other people's hearts with music.

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People call A Bing "three are not poor": the people are not poor (not afraid of power); Poor people are not poor (not free to eat); Poor people are not poor (honest). In Wuxi, a landlord raped a girl of 13 years old at home. When A Bing knew about it, he immediately made up lyrics to praise it, exposing the evil deeds of the landlord, arousing public anger and scaring the landlord to flee for months without going home. On one occasion, the Kuomintang warlord Tang please hold a birthday party for his thirteen aunts. A Bing flatly refused and was beaten, but A Bing didn't give in, made up the lyrics and played the erhu to curse.

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Huishan Spring in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province is known as "the second spring in the world". The music named "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" not only brought people into A Bing in the dead of night.

The artistic conception of Leng Yue, a beautiful spring, is more like seeing that man, an upright and tenacious blind artist, telling people about his bumpy life. Followed by a brief introduction, the melody goes from the top sound to the horn sound, then ends with the horn sound, and finally ends with the gong sound. This is a microwave-shaped melody line, just like the author sitting by the spring meditating on the past (fragment 1). The second phrase has only two bars, and * * * appears six times in the whole song. It starts with the high octave at the end of the first phrase. Swinging up and down around the Gong Yin broke the silence in front and began to be high, revealing the author's infinite feelings (fragment 2). When entering the third sentence, the melody flows in the high-pitched area, and new rhythm factors appear. The melody is soft and firm, and the mood is more exciting. The theme gradually changed from calm and deep at the beginning to high spirits, which profoundly revealed the author's inner life feelings and tenacious and proud will to survive. The frequent use of his notes in performance makes the music feel a little sad, which is the emotional expression of a blind artist who has suffered from human bitterness and pain. The theme of the whole song has been changed five times. With the presentation, extension and development of the music, the feelings expressed are more fully expressed. Its variation technique mainly expresses the development and circuitous progress of music through the expansion and contraction of sentence width and the rise and fall of melody activity range. Many of its variations are not to express different musical feelings, but to deepen the theme, so the musical image created by music is relatively simple and concentrated. The speed of the whole song has not changed much, but the strength has changed greatly, from pp to ff. Whenever music longer than quarter notes is played, the intensity of the bow changes and the music fluctuates, which is exciting. "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" is a erhu song created by Hua (), a famous folk blind artist. It was recorded and disseminated on 1950. Since the song came out, Hua is not only an outstanding folk musician of erhu solo in China. People from Wuxi, Jiangsu. He played music since he was a child and was adapted into various forms of instrumental music. He is well-known at home and abroad for his beautiful lyrical melody and profound and touching musical connotation. Huishan Spring in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province is known as "the second spring in the world". The author named this piece of music "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", which was related to A Bing's unfortunate experience in the old society. From the music, we can feel that the author expresses his feelings through the scenery, laments his life experience, and at the same time reveals his resentment towards the old society. In A Bing's Songs, he once said: "After he lost his sight, he used the image of music to describe the beautiful scenery he witnessed in the old days." "But what he felt at that time was the darkness around him, which made him always show a sad mood in the beautiful melody." The music structure of Er Quan and Yue Ying is a traditional variation. At the beginning of the music, the short introduction and the downward melody of the scale, like a sigh of emotion, bring people into a profound artistic conception. Theme music reminds people of a blind artist wandering on the bumpy road of life with a bamboo pole, infinite sadness and endless desolation. "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" gradually developed into a complete song under the repeated variations of the above tones. Through variations, the musical image is deepened layer by layer, which makes people feel that A Bing is telling people all kinds of sufferings and encounters over and over again with irresistible feelings. In the second half of music, music has been further developed and accumulated feelings have emerged. The music reached a climax, intense and angry, showing A Bing's unique temperament and courage. This is the voice of the author's angry accusation against the old society, which profoundly reflects A Bing's stubborn and resolute character and expresses his uncompromising resistance and struggle against the dark forces. "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" has distinct layers, one integrated mass, beautiful melody, simplicity and vigor. Music is very touching, but it is even more irritating. It is a masterpiece handed down by a poor blind artist in China, and it is deeply loved by audiences at home and abroad. A chill in spring and a chill in the moon —— Appreciation of A Bing's Two Springs Reflecting the Moon by A Bing (1893- 1950), whose personal experience is very unfortunate. His real name is Hua and his nickname is. He became a monk when he was a child, worked as a drummer when he was young, and became blind due to eye diseases in middle age. Since then, he has lived on the streets and made a living by busking. He struggled in darkness and poverty for decades and tasted the bitterness of the world. He leads a hungry and cold life, but he lacks ambition. Facing the bullying and arrogance of evil forces, he never flinched, but always struggled with them and denounced them. In the art of music, he always learns from others, diligently studies, and is deeply rooted in the soil of folk music, thus making his playing and singing comprehensive and making achievements in creation. Due to the above situation, A Bing's music and piano sound are full of national style, and naturally have melancholy and resentful emotions and indomitable masculinity. These may be the reasons why "Two Springs Reflect on the Moon" can be widely circulated and enduring, and it is also the moving charm of this song. "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" has been circulated since its publication. In China, men, women and children from all walks of life are almost unknown and unloved; It also has extensive influence abroad. Seiji Ozawa, a famous Japanese conductor, once listened to Jiang Jianhua, an erhu player, play "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" in Beijing. Listen, he was heartbroken and in tears. After the founding of New China, the Music Research Institute of the Central Conservatory of Music sent music historians Yang and Cao Anhe to Wuxi to record, compose and arrange their music works, which were published and distributed by relevant departments. After that, "Two Springs Reflect on the Moon" gave him great vitality and moving brilliance: it was adapted into violin solo, folk ensemble, folk ensemble, spiral quartet, western spiral ensemble, erhu and band, Gao Hu and harp, all of which were varied and interesting. This song was later put on the screen and became the theme song of the movie "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon". Why is this blind artist's erhu music so eye-catching and regarded as the treasure of our national music? First of all, A Bing's bumpy life and miserable situation are a microcosm of the working people in the old society, which will naturally arouse people's concern and sympathy for him. A Bing's indomitable, loyal and patriotic character and integrity show a national bearing and spirit, which is admirable. A Bing's "Two Springs Reflect the Moon" and other musical works reflect people's inner world and mental outlook to a certain extent, revealing a healthy and deep breath from the people's bottom, which is bound to cause a great sense of * * * in people's hearts. Secondly, the tone of "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" is closely related to the folk music and opera music in southern China, giving people a very cordial feeling. Its musical structure is cyclic variation. By the way of variation, that is, the expansion and contraction of sentence width, combined with the rise or fall of melody range, the music is promoted and developed in a roundabout way, thus creating a single and concentrated music image, which is particularly impressive. The development of its melody, using China folk phrases and homophones from beginning to end, makes the music present a rhythmic aesthetic feeling of ups and downs like flowing water, as if it were endless bitter words and endless bitter tears, giving people the feeling of "sighing the sufferings of the world" and "I am alone, and tears fall on the world". In addition, the artistic beauty of music is also manifested in the simplicity in depth, the combination of rigidity and softness in sadness, and the soul. How can such Erhu music, which is rich in national style and national style, not be intoxicating and never tire of listening to it? Moreover, this piece embodies the principle of paying attention to deep affection and vivid expression, which is memorable and memorable. If we compare him to a song, it is by no means an important painting like Moonlight in the Pine Woods and Crystal Stone in the Stream by Wang DOG. Instead, it is the sigh of worrying about the country and the people in Du Fu's poems, the feeling of "it's difficult to get around the road" in Li Bai's poems, and the angry cry in Qu Yuan's poems. Compared with painting, it is by no means the "four Wang Shanshui" in Qing Dynasty, but it has the sharp and firm edge of Yangzhou Eight Schools. It is definitely not a work like Tao Qing's Autumn Moon in Pinghu, but an angry mood contained in Beethoven's Sonata Moonlight. The music title of Two Springs Reflecting the Moon also makes scholars often argue. In the western suburbs of Wuxi, Jiangsu, there is a famous mountain in the south of the Yangtze River-Huiquan Mountain. A clear spring on the mountain was tasted by Lu Yu, the "tea god" in the Tang Dynasty, and was rated as "the second spring in the world". A Bing often stayed here before and after his blindness, and he was full of affection for the scenery in his hometown. However, in the face of the bright moonlight, the darkness of the world, the sweetness of spring, the bitterness of the world and the uneven level of the world. In his mind, the moon is cold and spring is cold. So he used the scenery to express his feelings, melted his feelings into the scenery and poured out his bitterness, so he named it "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon". Since the publication of "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", musicians have mushroomed, each with its own strengths and splendor. The understanding of music is also different. However, all the performers have grasped the principle of "having both form and spirit, conveying the spirit with form", thus leaving a deep impression on the audience. What is the "God" in Two Springs Reflecting the Moon? It exists in his lonely mood, Nightcrawler's sadness, unyielding personality and hope for a bright future. Appendix: Ode to the poem "Remembering Chinese Folk Music". Sunrise accompanied by sunset, Hu Qin begged the world with a blind stick. Two springs reflect the moon, and everyone knows the artist. -(Shanghai) Zhang Zhizhen

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Album cover

Two springs reflecting the moon, A Bing's masterpiece. A Bing often plays the piano beside Er Quan in Wuxi. He was blind when he wrote this song. According to A Bing's relatives, friends and neighbors, as an artist, A Bing still yearns for one day. When he returns to the alley late at night, he often plays this song, which is very sad and particularly touching. Xu Lu, a friend of A Bing, once described the scene when A Bing played "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon": "Snow floated down like goose feathers, and the park opposite the hall was full of rubble and jade, which was beyond recognition. Sad erhu sounds came from the street ... I saw an unkempt old man, leaning on a small bamboo pole, leading a blind man from east to west on the park road. In the dim light, I vaguely recognized A Bing and his wife. A Bing is holding a small bamboo pole in his right hand, carrying a lute on his back, and hanging an erhu on his left shoulder, whistling in the crazy snow. " This piece of music has no title at first. A Bing often plays this song on the way across the street, but he didn't play it when he was a busker. A Bing once called it "spontaneous chamber", and his neighbors called it "Yi Xin Qu". Later, when recording, Yang and Cao Anhe linked it with the famous scenic spot "Er Quan" in Wuxi, and named it "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" (Huishan Spring in Wuxi, Jiangsu, known as "the second spring in the world"). He Luting once said: "The nickname" Two Springs Reflecting the Moon "actually contradicts his music. Music does not describe the scenery of Erquan reflecting the moon, but profoundly expresses the painful life experience of blind A Bing. " 1950 In the late autumn, at a concert held in Wuxi, A Bing played this song for the first time and for the last time, and won prolonged applause from the audience. 195 1, Tianjin People's Broadcasting Station played this song for the first time; 1959 National Day, China Foreign Cultural Association presented this song to international friends as one of the representatives of China folk music. Since then, this song has been widely circulated at home and abroad and won high praise. 1985, this song was recorded in the United States, ranking first among the eleven popular China music works in the United States. Later, Peng Xiuwen adapted this song into a national instrumental ensemble; Wu Zuqiang adapted it into a string ensemble; Violin solo adapted by Ding He; Ding Shande adapted it into a string quartet and so on. The Recording Society of China once made a wire recording of A Bing playing this song in the summer of 1950, which sold well at home and abroad. From beginning to end, this piece of music reveals the thoughts and feelings of a blind artist who has suffered from human suffering and pain. The works show unique folk performance skills and styles, as well as unparalleled profound artistic conception. They show the unique charm of China erhu art and broaden the expressive force of erhu art, and won the "20th Century China Music Classic Award".

Editor of this section of Hua Tomb

A Bing sculpture

The tomb of China is the tomb. Located at Yingshan Lake at the east foot of Huishan in Wuxi Xi Hui Park. Hua, a blind folk musician, died in February 1950 and was buried in the tomb of a Taoist priest at the foot of Canshan Mountain in the western suburbs of Wuxi. 1May, 979, the tomb was destroyed and the bones were collected by Wuxi Museum. 1June, 983 moved to the present site south of Er Quan at the eastern foot of Huishan. The cemetery covers an area of 742 square meters, and the main body consists of a tomb wall and a wing wall, which looks like a music station; The old tombstone is now in the museum of this city. The colored tombstone was established by China Music Research Institute and Wuxi Federation of Literary and Art Circles, written by Yang, and the bronze statue of the blind man in front of the tomb was carved. 1986 was announced by Wuxi Municipal People's Government as a municipal cultural relics protection unit.

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A Bing: From the TV series Assassination, he was blind. Because of his extraordinary hearing, he was chosen as the "listener" looking for enemy radio stations, and this role was played by Wang.