Causes and treatment of turbinate hypertrophy.

Etiology: Generally, it develops from chronic simple rhinitis. Mucosal epithelium cilia fall off and become stratified cubic epithelium, and submucosa changes from edema to fibrous tissue hyperplasia, which leads to mucosal hypertrophy. Over time, it can be mulberry-shaped or polypoid, with periosteum and bone tissue hyperplasia and turbinate bone hypertrophy.

Treatment:

(1) The application of vasoconstrictor nasal drops is limited to mild cases.

(2) Injecting sclerosing agent into submucosa of inferior turbinate, its mechanism is that after injecting sclerosing agent, local chemical inflammatory reaction can occur, scar tissue can be generated, the volume of turbinate can be reduced, and ventilation can be improved.

(3) The submucosal electrocoagulation of inferior turbinate leads to scar contraction.

(4) Cryopreservation: Place a special freezer on the surface of the inferior turbinate, and freeze for 1 ~ 2 minutes each time, so that the diseased mucosa will be necrotic and fall off and regenerate.

(five) surgical treatment, general treatment is ineffective, or the mucosa is obviously thickened, or the thickened part is located at the back or lower edge of the inferior turbinate, and partial resection of the inferior turbinate or middle turbinate is feasible. The resection of inferior turbinate should not be too much, in principle, it should not exceed inferior turbinate 1/3, so as not to affect the function of nasal mucosa or secondary atrophic rhinitis. For patients with hyperosteogeny, submucosal resection of inferior turbinate should be performed, which can improve nasal ventilation and drainage without damaging the physiological function of nasal mucosa.

(6) Appropriate treatment should also be given to chronic systemic diseases or adjacent diseases such as deviated nasal septum or sinusitis.