The Development History of Storage Technology

The earliest external memory can be traced back to the end of 19. In order to meet the needs of census, Horace first transformed punched paper tape into punched cards.

He arranged all the survey items of each person on a card in turn, and then punched holes in the positions of the corresponding items according to the survey results. In the future computer system, the method of inputting data with punched cards has been used until the 1970s, and data processing has also developed into one of the main functions of computers.

2. magnetic tape

For the first time, UNIVAC- I used tape drives as external storage. Firstly, the reliability of the system is improved by using parity check method and double operation circuit, and the automatic programming experiment is carried out for the first time. At this time, this tape is 1200 inch long, including 8 tracks, which can store 128 bits per inch, and record 12800 characters per second, with an unprecedented capacity of 184KB. Since then, magnetic tape has experienced rapid development and has been widely used in the field of recording and video recording.

3, floppy disk (those who have seen this thing must be post-80 s)

1967 IBM introduced the world's first "floppy disk" with a diameter of 32 inches. With the development of technology, the size of floppy disk is decreasing and the capacity is increasing, from 8 inches to 5.25 inches, and then to 3.5 inches, but the capacity is from the earliest 8 1KB to the later 1.44MB, and the 3.5-inch floppy disk reached its peak in the 1980s and 1990s. It was not until CD-ROM and USB storage devices appeared that floppy disk sales gradually declined.

4. CD

CD, also called CD, was born in 1982 and was first used for digital audio storage. 1985, Philips and Sony introduced it to PC, then called CD-R, and later developed it into CD-R (readable). Due to the great success of audio CD, today, the use of this medium has been extended to data storage, with the purpose of data archiving and transmission.

5. Disks

The first disk drive was produced by IBM in 1956, and it can store 5MB of data. A total of 50 24-inch disks were used. By 1973, IBM introduced the first modern "Winchester" disk drive 3340, which used a sealing assembly, a lubricating spindle and a small-mass magnetic head. Since then, the disk capacity has increased from MB to GB, and then to TB.

6、DVD

Digital versatile disc, DVD for short, is a kind of optical disc storage. Originated in the 1960s, researchers from Philips in the Netherlands began to use laser beams to record and replay information. Their research was successful in 1972 and put on the market in 1978. The original product was the well-known laser disc (LD) system. Most of them are around 120mm in diameter. At present, the maximum capacity can reach 17.08GB.

7. Flash memory

On the Evolution of Memory

Flash memory is a long-life nonvolatile memory (it can keep the stored data information even if the power is cut off). Including u disk, SD card, CF card, memory stick and so on. 1984, Fujino, the inventor of Toshiba Corporation of Japan, first put forward the concept of fast flash memory (flash memory for short here). Different from the traditional computer memory, flash memory is non-volatile (that is, the stored data will not be lost after the host is powered off), and its recording speed is also very fast. Intel is the first company in the world to produce flash memory and put it on the market. Up to now, there are various forms of flash memory, and the storage capacity has been continuously expanded to 256GB or even higher.

With the upgrade of memory, the storage capacity is getting bigger and bigger, and the reading and writing speed is getting faster and faster. The single disk capacity of enterprise hard disk has reached more than 10TB. At present, the reading speed of SSD is 3000+MB/s and the writing speed is 1700MB/s, which is very beautiful to use.