Problems existing in civil construction and implementation countermeasures?

Civil engineering is of great significance to the construction and development of our country. With the continuous expansion of the scale and quantity of civil engineering construction, the management of civil engineering construction is becoming more and more difficult, and the problems in construction are becoming more and more prominent. At present, the technical level of civil engineering construction is not high enough, so it needs to be upgraded at the technical and management levels to improve the growing market demand and bring new development opportunities to the civil engineering industry.

1 characteristics of civil engineering

With the development of society, civil engineering is also developing constantly, and its characteristics are inevitably related to construction practice. For example, fixity is a characteristic of civil engineering, which is also because the construction sites of buildings, bridges and other projects are fixed, and the engineering geology often does not change after being selected; Mobility is also a characteristic of civil engineering construction technology, which seems to conflict with fixity, but the word mobility is aimed at the construction team, that is, in the same project, the construction team will constantly change its position in the construction site with the progress of the construction period; Diversity can also be used to describe the construction technology of civil engineering. There are many kinds of technologies, and different technologies can be applied in different occasions to maximize the benefits of civil engineering. In recent years, with the support of modern technology, modernization, advanced and intelligent are also the development trends of building technology.

2 Analysis of the problems existing in civil buildings

2. 1 The management system is not perfect. With the development of building engineering in China, the scope of civil buildings is getting wider and wider, and the management of building engineering is becoming more and more difficult. In the process of civil construction, the lack of perfect management system and reasonable management rules leads to the failure of normal construction. In some civil construction projects, in order to reduce the cost investment of the whole building, the establishment of project management institutions is reduced, and there is a lack of personnel management and fund management departments, which leads to insufficient employment of construction units, increases the workload of existing staff, and makes staff feel stressed and nervous, unable to exert their abilities normally, which has an impact on construction. In the process of bidding, there is no exact normative department to manage bidding, which often leads to bribery and backdoor, and it is impossible to conduct fair bidding in accordance with relevant regulations.

2.2 Lack of effective management of raw materials. At present, some civil engineering construction management lacks effective management of raw materials, resulting in many problems. First of all, the quality of raw materials can not be guaranteed, some managers lack sufficient quality inspection in raw material procurement, there are problems in the examination and approval department, and relevant supervision work is not in place, resulting in those unqualified products flowing into the project; Secondly, due to its special status, the procurement department often has problems such as related household procurement and high-priced procurement, and there is a problem of black-box operation; Thirdly, when using raw materials, the lack of scientific management leads to the lack of responsible working attitude of construction personnel and various waste phenomena in the work.

2.3 Safety management has not been implemented. Although many civil engineering managers always talk about safety management and realize the importance of safety management, they often become a mere formality, the implementation of safety management is not in place, and they lack sufficient safety management awareness. This is very terrible in engineering construction. A little negligence will lead to various quality problems and even threaten people's lives and property. At the same time, there is also a lack of adequate supervision in safety management, which is often set up to cope with superior inspections, failing to fulfill their responsibilities and causing many problems.

3 measures to strengthen civil engineering construction management

3. 1 Improve the civil engineering construction management system. Establish a sound project management system, ensure sufficient investment in civil engineering cost, set up a fund management department to evaluate and predict the consumption of construction projects, put an end to making false accounts and wasting resources, and use the cost funds reasonably and efficiently. Set up corresponding management departments for each link of the construction project to ensure sufficient personnel for each post on the construction site. Civil engineering construction projects shall be subject to fair and open bidding, and enterprises shall compete reasonably in accordance with relevant regulations. Relevant supervisors closely monitor the bidding process, grasp all kinds of situations in the bidding process, and take certain methods and means to seriously deal with unfair phenomena in the bidding process, so as to ensure the comprehensive strength of the civil construction of the winning enterprise.

3.2 Standardized management of materials. Building materials are the basis for ensuring building quality, and construction enterprises should control the quality of materials from purchasing and ordering, entering the site for inspection, storage and use. Sampling inspection, re-inspection and test must be carried out for materials entering the site, so as to master the basic parameters of materials such as bricks, cement, sand and gravel, and steel bars. And make accurate evaluation and judgment. Unqualified and unqualified materials must be resolutely removed from the scene to control quality risks and reduce potential safety hazards.

3.3 Strengthen mechanical management. Mechanical equipment, including construction machinery, engineering equipment and various building appliances, is essential in construction engineering. The quality of mechanical equipment directly affects the quality of construction projects. The type, performance and parameters of machinery must meet the actual requirements of design documents and construction production. Shop around when buying and choose a reputable equipment manufacturer; Carefully check the name, model, specification and quantity of the equipment when entering the site. Only after being approved by the supervisor can it enter the site, and it can be put into use after installation and commissioning. In daily use, the staff should always pay attention to the site environment and use the equipment in strict accordance with the operating rules and instructions; Lightning protection measures should be taken in rainy season construction, and aerial work of large mechanical equipment should be stopped when strong wind and heavy rain come. With the continuous improvement of the technical content of modern mechanical equipment, it is necessary to implement the responsibility system of fixed machine, fixed person and fixed post, and carry out regular maintenance, inspection and repair.

3.4 Strengthen method management. All parties involved in the construction must conscientiously do a good job in the blue prints.the design, master the characteristics and difficulties of the project, review the problems existing in the design drawings, and work out solutions. Before the project starts, the technical director of the project will organize technical review, and make detailed construction organization design and special construction plan accordingly, and then carry out various forms of technical disclosure. The items of technical review mainly include: construction details and steel bar list; Plane position, axis size and elevation of buildings and pile foundations; Specification, axis and elevation of masonry; Template size and elevation; Location, size and firmness of embedded parts and reserved holes; Judge whether the mixture ratio of cement, concrete and mortar meets the design requirements, etc. Through the technical review results, strengthen the quality control of details, formulate corresponding quality improvement plans, and continuously improve quality through on-site monitoring, inspection, comparison, rectification and other measures. Special attention should be paid to quality control points in construction quality management, and key parts, processes and influencing factors should be selected as control objects. Concealed works must pass the team self-inspection, foreman re-inspection and full-time quality inspector acceptance, and then the supervision engineer will organize relevant personnel to conduct * * * acceptance. If the supervision engineer has doubts about the quality of a certain part of the project, he can ask for re-acceptance.

3.5 Strengthen environmental management. In the natural environment of the construction site, we should always pay attention to the influence of hydrology, obstacles, meteorological conditions and engineering geology, such as foundation pit excavation in rainy season, anti-freezing and thawing in winter, and roof waterproof layer construction in windy days; In terms of construction environment, "five signs and one map" shall be set up on site to ensure that the site is flat, roads are smooth, machines and equipment are in good condition, water and electricity lines are neat, and materials, spare parts and semi-finished products are neatly stacked to avoid moisture, corrosion, caking and deterioration. In terms of construction quality management environment, improve the quality management system, establish a sound quality management system, implement the lifelong responsibility system for project leaders of construction, survey, design, construction and supervision units according to the requirements of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, strengthen communication and coordination among contractors, establish a unified on-site construction organization system according to the contracted contract structure, and clarify the management relationship among contractors, especially coordinate cross-working procedures to ensure the orderly construction.

4 conclusion

With the development trend of construction industry in China increasing, the government has strengthened the construction of social infrastructure. In order to better develop the construction industry, civil engineering buildings need effective management to ensure the quality of construction projects. By improving the management system of civil engineering construction, strengthening the management of construction workers, rationally standardizing the project supervision system, effectively solving the problems in the construction process and correcting mistakes in time, and paying attention to the cultivation of employees' professional skills, the working ability of the construction team has been improved, the construction management of construction projects has been strengthened, the vigorous development of China's construction industry has been promoted, and the pace of China's construction industry going global has been promoted.

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