Historical and Cultural Contents of Bazhong

Bazhong has a long history, rich cultural deposits, the city **** there are 100 cliff statues, mostly made in the Tang Dynasty. Among them, the South Niche, West Niche, North Niche, Shui Ning Temple statues for the national key cultural relics protection units, Thousand Buddha Rock statues for the provincial cultural relics protection units. Here we share some historical and cultural content about Bazhong, hope it will help you.

I. The history and culture of Bazhong

Cliff statues

Bazhong cliff statues are characterized by a lot of exquisite modeling, meticulous craftsmanship, gathered a variety of schools of Buddhism statues. South niche cliff statues, for example, not only has a variety of forms of cave frieze and border carving, but also decorated with colorful set of beams through the beads, curtain tassels, more show the color of religious mystery. There are more flying sky to make music, not only many brands of musical instruments, and flying sky posture is different, is a concentrated reflection of the Tang Dynasty religious culture in Bazhong. In the process of production in a realistic approach to the main, realistic image, posture, comparable to Dunhuang murals. Statue art is more nationalized, secular, in order to plump and robust for the beauty of the dress from the Buddhist "partiality right shoulder type", "shoulder type" development of Chinese "wrong clothing type". Shui Ning Temple statues all use high relief and round carving techniques, showing the beauty of the lines of the human form, so that the statues appear more exquisite, in 1992, China Dunhuang Art Research Institute Professor Mr. Duan Wenjie visited Bazhou stone carving statues after the inscription of praise: "Shui Ning Sheng Tang Dynasty colorful carvings of the country's first," "Bazhong Grottoes, the treasure of the country".

Two. Ancient customs

Bazhong folk culture is also embodied in many ancient customs, there are creation myths "Nvwa Mending Heaven", love stories "Cowherd and Weaving Maiden", "Dong Yong", there are historical figures Legends, "Zhanghuai Prince", etc., there are historical legends, such as the Tang Zhenguan years to suppress the Ba people's uprising, "Chopping Bazhuai Snake", etc., and there are the yearly customs of the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival ( Lantern Festival ), Ching Ming Festival (Ching Ming Festival), and the Lantern Festival (Lantern Festival ), and the Ching Ming Festival (Lantern Festival ). Lantern Festival (Lantern Festival), Qingming Festival, Duanyang Festival, the first sixteen days of the first month of the Ascension Festival, the Mid-Yuan Festival (half-moon festival), Mid-Autumn Festival, Chongyang Festival (Festival of the Elderly), as well as folk religious temples and fairs: the Wenchang Hui, the Guanyin Hui, the Laojun Hui, the Peach Society, the Buddha's Society, etc.; there are the rites of passage of life in the "playing the three dynasties," "do full-moon wine," "open the moon", "the first month of life", and "the first month of life". ", "open halo", "worship godfather", shaving ceremony, to six rituals to meet the bride's wedding customs, sitting in a sedan chair, supporting the guests of the Secretary of Mr. escort rituals of all kinds of etiquette, to do with the birth and birthday wishes, to do the school wine, etc.; funeral rites and customs are still maintaining the traditional "Funeral rites" and "funeral" two major procedures, funeral customs are basically the legacy of the Spring and Autumn period, its funeral dress, mourning clothes, the way to pay tribute to the dead body, handling, into the coffin procedures, burial items, coffin layout, etc. have retained the traditional customs, the burial method are "The burial methods include "cave burial", "hanging-coffin burial" and "cave burial" in Seganshiyan. Burial of the body into the coffin buried in the earth (tomb burial), grave hanging coffin burial (the first stone to fix the grave, the body into the coffin with a chain hanging on the wall of the grave, on the arch with the stone buried in the earth), the city with the cemetery burial urns of the second burial belongs to the cremation of the earth after the burial; the construction of housing is still retained "look at the house under the foundation", The construction of housing still retains a whole set of ancient rituals related to nature worship and plant worship, such as "looking at the house and laying the foundation", "erecting boards and building walls", "putting up beams and pillars", "opening the door and sweeping the dam", and "offering sacrifices to the new house". The house pattern has the northern four-dimensional pattern, which is the same as the northern four-dimensional pattern. The housing pattern includes the courtyard in the north, the triplex in the south, and a large number of dry-fence hammock houses, thatched earth-walled houses, and half-cave, half-dry-fence houses in some places. In the cities, there are still many courtyard houses consisting of traditional cabinets, gates, patios, halls, corridors, hips and green tiles; folk dietary customs include baking dingjiu wine and mash wine, cooking eagle tea, tea of tea, roasted tea and sugar tea, etc.; there is also the popular custom of "ten big bowls" for banquets; and the foodstuff storage has been preserved. Food storage still retains the folk custom of smoking preserved meat; local paper-making is popular among the people, and in some places there are also oil-pressing with a ramrod and oil-pressing with a winch (commonly known as "small-pressing oil", which is expensive). There are also traditional printing and dyeing techniques of printed cloth, traditional bamboo weaving techniques and stone carving techniques. Clay sculpture in Enyanghe, paper-cutting in Tongjiang, and root carving in Tongjiang, Nanjiang and Bazhou are also famous. Folk firing techniques are generally retained in Bazhong City, Nanjiang's clay lacquer processing technology, Bazhou Town's clay ink processing technology still exists; folk opera in the "Cuantan opera" plus the "ancient color opera" performance in Nanjiang, Tongjiang, Bazhou folk circulation; Sichuan's best and most active shadow troupes and shadow puppets. The best and most active shadow troupe and shadow production in Bazhou (Li Yuxiang shadow troupe, Zhang Xuelin shadow troupe); Bazhou Zaolin folk music - spring, is now the only remaining seeds of this kind of song in our country, the person who said spring - "spring officer ", still active in Bazhong, southern Shaanxi.

The rich ethnic folk culture is the gene culture of Bazhong culture.

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