About judo

Judo. Some Chinese and Japanese scholars believe that China Wushu directly influenced the formation of Japanese judo. For example, Liang, a scholar from Taiwan Province Province, China, said, "According to legend, Yuan Yun actually passed on skills, but he softened them, which seemed to have existed in Japan before Yuan Yun's eastward crossing. Wing-chung Kwan and Guan Kou Ruan Xin are famous in China for their jujitsu. Yuan Yun's contribution is to improve judo. " Yuanyun lives in the Zhengguo Temple in Edo, and the ronin Fukuno Shiro Uemon, Kibe Jirozaemono, Miura and Jiemon live in the same temple. Yuan Yun taught Daming the martial arts of arresting people, and the three of them painstakingly studied it, spread all over the world and improved it repeatedly. They gradually mixed with Japanese jujitsu, and now it is more important than the sports world. (A Study of Liang: Chen Yuanyun, p. 95) For example, Professor Hideo Yamamoto of Waseda University said in his book Introduction to Judo: "There are various opinions in the works of various schools of Judo. One view is that Jiu Jitsu originated from the boxing in the Tang Dynasty in China, and it is a general term for the unarmed forms such as softness, harmony, body, joint, feet and boxing. By the end of the Ming Dynasty, Chen Yuanyun, who had studied martial arts in Shaolin Temple, went to Japan in the first half of the17th century, and taught China martial arts in Zhengguojiao in the south of Edo, which led to the extensive development of judo in Japan and the continuous increase of various schools since then ... "(Li Qibiao and Hao Chengduan compiled: Introduction to Judo, page 2) The most convincing thing is that there is also a section called like eyes Mountain Spring in Japan. /kloc-at the end of 0/9, the Japanese rule Goro absorbed the strengths of various art schools, improved them and founded Judo. It has been popularized all over the world and listed as an Olympic event.

Introduction of judo venues

The minimum area of the playing field is 14 * 14m and the maximum area is 16 * 16m. The venue must be covered with tatami or similar materials. The color is usually green. The playing field is divided into two areas, between which there should be a danger of being about 1 meter wide and usually red. The danger zone is parallel to the periphery of the competition field and constitutes a part of the whole competition field. Within and including the danger zone is called the competition zone, with a minimum area of 9 * 9m and a maximum area of10 *10m. Outside the danger zone, it is called the safety zone, with a width of about 3 meters (not less than 2.5 meters). In the center of the competition area, every 4 meters, red and white signs with a length of 25 cm and a width of 6 cm should be marked to indicate the positions of the contestants at the beginning and end of the competition. The red sign should be on the referee's right and the white sign should be on the referee's left. When two or more adjacent competition venues are used, it is allowed to use the 1 safety zone not less than 3m between the two venues. The playing field must be set on the raised floor or backstage. There should be no less than 50 cm of space around the competition venue.

International Judo Federation (IJF)

The International Judo Federation was established in 195 1 in Japan, Britain, France and other countries 12, and now has more than 1 10 members. Headquartered in the location of the Secretary General (now Tokyo). 1962 the international Olympic Committee recognizes judo as a permanent event. Official languages: French and English. German and Japanese are complementary terms. 1965, the first constitution of the International Judo Federation was adopted. Judo is an Olympic sport. The International Judo Federation is the main consultant and supervision organization for preparing for the judo competition of the Olympic Games. The mission of the International Judo Federation: to support and promote friendly exchanges among its members; Hold the World Championships (1 every two years as far as possible) and the Olympic Games; Popularize judo all over the world; Develop and improve judo skills; Write the technical rules of judo. The International Judo Federation holds the World Championships (for adults) once a year and the World Youth Championships once every two years. The official competitions under the jurisdiction of the International Judo Federation are: 1, World Judo Championship; 2. Olympic judo competition; 3. European Judo Competition. The first world judo championship was held in Tokyo from 65438 to 0956, and judo competition was listed as the official event of the18th Olympic Games from 65438 to 0964. The first World Women's Judo Competition was held in 1980.

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judo suit

In judo practice and competition, you must wear judo clothes barefoot. Judo clothes are divided into tops, bottoms (pants) and belts. The length of the coat should cover the buttocks, the length of the sleeve should be slightly longer than the middle of the forearm, and there should be a gap of more than 5 cm between the cuff and the thickest part of the forearm. The length of the lower garment is slightly longer than the middle of the calf, and there must be a gap of more than 7 cm at the thickest part of the trouser leg and calf. Belt, in order to prevent the coat from falling apart, tie a knot and tighten it. The length of both ends of the knot must be 15 cm. During the competition, athletes from both sides should wear different colors of logo belts. The names of various parts of judo clothes are left inner collar, left front collar, left inner sleeve, left middle sleeve, front belt, left horizontal belt, left cuff, left inner crotch, trouser leg opening, left horizontal collar, back collar, left rear belt and back belt. The names of the parts on the right are the same as those on the left, but there are left and right points.

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The Origin and Development of Judo

Judo was born in Japan and is deeply loved by the Japanese people. It is widely spread in Japan, so Japan is called "Judo Country". Judo is a unique subject in Japanese Wushu, which evolved from jujitsu. It has a long history, from the Warring States Period to the Tokugawa Period (15,16th century). Judo has always been called jujitsu or body art, and the term judo used now is simplified from "Judo introduced to Kodokan from Japan".

Judo has a very old history, and it is very complicated to understand its origin. Among the works of various schools of judo. There are all kinds of theories. According to one legend, during the reign of Emperor Chuiren (acceded to the throne in 29 BC), there was a famous battle between Naomi Su Mi and Dangma Chusu. Their battle is a combination of fighting and wrestling. Since then, some people have absorbed wrestling techniques and developed into the present sumo sport; Others sum up fighting experience in fighting, develop it into jujitsu, and then evolve into judo. Another way of saying it is: Jiu Jitsu originated from the boxing in China in the Tang Dynasty, and it is the general name of the unarmed forms such as softness, harmony, body, receiving, feet and boxing, and the competitive events such as hitting, kicking, throwing and taking. In the late Ming Dynasty, Chen Yuanbin, who studied martial arts in Shaolin Temple, went to Japan in the first half of the17th century and taught China martial arts in Zhengguo Temple in the south of Edo, which led to the extensive development of Jiu Jitsu in Japan. Since then, there have been more and more schools of Jiu Jitsu. According to records, the earliest school was Takeuchi School, which was founded in June of the first year of astronomy (1532). Then, at the end of Chen Feng (about 1590), the Araki School appeared. After the Tokugawa Guang Jia era (1623), there appeared the dream school, the rigid-flexible school, the Jitong school, the straightforward school, the fickle school, the God-in-heaven school, the ups and downs school and the Sichuan school.

The establishment of judo

In the tenth year of Meiji (1877 Feng), Jana, a student at Imperial University of Tokyo (now Tokyo University), was eighteen years old. Proceeding from the desire to stay healthy, he decided to learn Jiu Jitsu. At first, I went to school with the help of Yasuo Fukuda of Jinshen Zhenyang School, then I studied in Fan Zhengzhi School of the same school, and then I studied in the lifting school after a long meal. After several years of hard work, this industry has reached a high level. He made an in-depth study of the schools of God, Truth and Yang and other schools, regardless of other people's opinions and learned from others. After sorting out and reforming, he perfected the theory and technology of Jiu Jitsu skills, formulated a set of systematic training methods, canceled dangerous movements, and established a new Jiu Jitsu system, including throwing technology, fixing technology and playing technology, thus making the traditional Jiu Jitsu look brand-new and creating its reform into modern judo. From then on, the scientific discussion of judo becoming an educational movement began; Make judo take a new step in cultivating noble will quality. Out of admiration for judo and love for their own national culture, the Japanese people greatly admire Mr. Jana Jgoroh and call him "the father of judo". The Kingdom of Ghana is not only the creator and advocate of modern judo, but also a famous Japanese educator and a great man who has an important influence on international sports.

In February of Meiji 15 (1882), Mr. Jana Jgoroh moved to Yongchang Temple in Shimonoseki-do and took the college as the Dojo (training ground) to teach students, and began training activities centered on judo. This Yongchang Temple has also become a pioneering place for "Japanese to spread judo in Kodokan". There were only nine students who came to study in the first year, and then it increased year by year, and Kodokan's influence was growing. Because judo absorbs and synthesizes the inherent advantages of various jujitsu. Competition is also standardized, so it is not only an effective self-defense skill, but also a fascinating sport; It can not only strengthen people's physique, but also help to temper their spirit, improve their alertness and adaptability, and enhance their self-confidence and willpower.

Judo has a very broad mass base in Japan. At present, Japan holds various competitions around the National Judo Competition Conference every year. For example, middle school students in various regions (equivalent to junior high school students in China) have judo competitions. National college competitions (equivalent to high school students in China), all-day college students' prize-winning competitions, and various forms of competitions. Judo is not only an entertainment sport in Japan, but also a teaching project of school physical education. This gives Japanese people the opportunity to receive systematic training from an early age, laying a solid foundation for improving judo skills. Therefore, Japan, which enjoys the reputation of "judo country", has won more than half of the gold medals and team championships in previous Olympic Games and world competitions almost every time.

To put it simply, Taekwondo is a martial art that fights with opponents with bare hands and protects oneself without any weapons. To be more specific, Taekwondo is a method and technique to exercise hands, feet and various parts of the body through intense mental and physical training for self-defense. Taekwondo not only pays attention to strength and skills, but also emphasizes strict discipline, superb skills and strong spiritual education to cultivate a unique martial art with a sense of justice, fortitude and courage. Therefore, real Taekwondo people are essentially different from those specious Taekwondo people. They only learn the extremely limited skills used in fighting and are satisfied with pleasing the audience in the competition field. It can be said that this is one of the reasons why Taekwondo is called the art of body protection. Taekwondo not only teaches people the way of thinking and living, but also cultivates people's restraint and lofty personality. So many people say that it is almost a martial art of faith. Literally, Taekwondo means: Taekwondo, which means kicking and stepping with your feet. Boxing means stabbing or breaking with the fist.

This means that ancient sages paved the way for progress, that is, spiritual cultivation. In a word, protect yourself with your bare hands. It is true that Taekwondo applies jumping, kicking, stabbing, blocking, hiding and other actions to the goal of the activity in a timely and local way, and gives people who are physically weak the strength and self-confidence to defeat powerful enemies after scientific training by giving them the skills of maximum blow and martial arts of spiritual cultivation. But if used improperly, it is tantamount to using a murder weapon. Therefore, we must always emphasize spiritual education and not abuse it.

If you rush out of this misunderstanding and boldly attack or fight back, you will realize that your opponent is not as terrible as you think.

Characteristics of Taekwondo

Legs are dominant, hands are secondary, and main joints are weaponized.

The dominant technique in Taekwondo is the leg technique, which accounts for about 3/4 in the overall application, because the length and strength of the leg are the longest and largest in the human body, followed by the hand. Leg moves are varied, which can be high or low, near or far, left or right, straight or soft, and can be rotated or turned, which is extremely threatening and is an effective and practical method to defeat the enemy. Secondly, the technique, the flexibility of the arm is very good, the defensive and offensive movements can be controlled freely, and the synchronous propulsion can also be changed into various usages of boxing, palm, elbow and shoulder for actual combat. In actual combat of Taekwondo, some major joints of the human body can also be used as offensive weapons, or in defensive combat, some major joints of the human body can also be used as offensive weapons or defensive shields. This is the essence of Taekwondo technology, such as the joints of hands, elbows, knees and feet, and it is the most commonly used and effective combat weapon in Taekwondo.

This method is simple, straightforward and less evasive. Whether in competition or in actual combat, the attack mode of Taekwondo is very simple and effective.

During the confrontation, the two sides draw direct contact and directly hit each other with simple and tough methods, which changes a lot; The operation of defense is also based on direct blocking, followed by continuous counterattack. When defending, we seldom dodge to prevent diseases and abide by the law. We just come and go, try to keep or shorten the distance between the two sides as much as possible, ensure the effectiveness of the attack, win the game or fight.

Take both internal and external courses, find a new way and test the skill level.

Taekwondo theory holds that after special training, human joints can produce incredible strength, especially fists, elbows, knees, feet, especially feet and hands. Practicing Taekwondo for a long time can achieve the degree of integration of internal and external forces, that is, the peak of integration of internal and external forces. Because it is impossible to determine the power and potential of weaponization of human joints, the skill level of practitioners can only be measured by hitting objects such as boards and bricks. Skill testing is an important part of Taekwondo training level, promotion examination, performance and competition, which embodies the unique skills and characteristics of Taekwondo.

The function of Taekwondo is to cultivate self-cultivation and cultivate people's excellent will quality.

Taekwondo practice advocates the martial spirit of "starting with ceremony and ending with ceremony", with the purpose of "courtesy, integrity and perseverance". Therefore, it can cultivate people's indomitable and hard-working spirit, temper people's perseverance and positive quality, cultivate people's humility and generosity, cultivate people's thoughts of loving the motherland and being brave in dedication, and cultivate excellent builders for society and the country.

Strengthen self-defense and cultivate a healthy body. Taekwondo is intense and antagonistic, which can strengthen bones and muscles, improve the spirituality of each joint and the ability of stretching and contracting muscles, improve the quality of speed, reaction, agility, strength and endurance, improve the function of internal organs and the flexibility of human nervous system, and enhance the ability of hitting and fighting. Through offensive and defensive exercises, you can learn to master practical skills and self-defense skills, and learn real skills for protecting your own safety and maintaining social justice.

Watch the game and enjoy the beauty of hitting the ball. In Taekwondo competition or actual combat, from top to bottom, both sides' leg skills in confrontation can not only give people beautiful enjoyment, but also inspire people's fighting spirit, inspire people's enterprising spirit, cultivate people's moral sentiments, and make people receive good will quality education while enjoying it.