What methods are used to understand the audience?

Media audience research is a very important part in the field of communication. Traditional audience research has produced completely different research styles in different historical situations? Under the background of the army's demand for propaganda skills and the rapid development of post-war business, communication studies in the United States developed on the basis of behavioral science? Interpreting the tradition of audience research with a large number of statistical data? And Europe's rich humanistic and social thoughts gave birth to semiotics? Structuralism? Symbolic interaction theory? Panoramic research tradition based on cultural studies and sociolinguistics (Weng Xiuqi, 1996, 1-6)? This shows: environment? Historical and cultural factors lead the subject of audience research to different development fields? The news audience under the network environment is more vague than the audience of traditional media, and often has multiple identities.