Why does performance evaluation reflect the new thinking of public management?

Performance evaluation embodies a new idea of public management.

Today, in the practice of administrative management, the hierarchical model represented by Weber has always occupied a dominant position. Bureaucratic administrative model is based on government monopoly, and its main features are highly centralized power, strict and rigid rules and regulations, procedural control mechanism, impersonalization of officials and so on. The hierarchical system is a great progress compared with the administrative management in the era of small-scale peasant economy, and it is most suitable for the era of big industry with many chimneys. However, mankind has entered the post-industrial era and information society, and the hierarchical administrative model is considered outdated, and the new era calls for the "post-hierarchical administrative model".

According to the practice of contemporary administrative reform, academic circles have summarized the new paradigm and new thinking of public administration. As can be seen from the following discussion, performance evaluation provides strong technical support for the new thinking of public management.

Performance evaluation and market model. The traditional administrative management model is based on the government's monopoly on public services, while the modern management model emphasizes market mechanism and individual choice. Market mechanism is mainly a competitive mechanism-full competition between public and private organizations and public organizations, and its main forms are market inspection, contract leasing and internal market. The role of scientific performance evaluation in the "market model" of public management lies in: helping the top decision-maker to choose the ideal public service provider according to the actual performance level; Help decision makers to closely supervise and control the implementation of contracts; Provide performance information of various public service institutions and guide the public to make correct choices; Form a strong sense of competition within the public sector and improve service quality and work efficiency.

Performance evaluation and decentralization reform. One of the main characteristics of the traditional administrative model is the high concentration of power and strict hierarchical control relying on cumbersome rules and regulations. Excessive centralization and rigid rules and regulations suppress people's enthusiasm and initiative, which eventually leads to inefficiency. The new paradigm of modern administration is "decentralized government: from hierarchy to participation and cooperation". The reform of decentralization within the government has realized the transformation from direct subordinate relationship to contractual relationship, and the control of superiors over subordinates has changed from focusing on work process to focusing on work results. For decentralized institutions, the competent authorities no longer directly guide and interfere in their daily work. Its main responsibilities are: allocating resources, mainly allocating funds; Establish specific indicators of job requirements, results and outputs; Design specific procedures and measurement methods to monitor and evaluate the work of independent units. Obviously, performance evaluation is an urgent requirement of decentralization reform and a technical guarantee for the smooth implementation of decentralization reform.

Performance evaluation and results-based management system. The traditional administrative management mode "emphasizes input, not results", while the modern government is a "result-oriented government". Results-based management requires "allocating funds according to the effect rather than the input", and the premise of allocating funds according to the effect is the scientific determination of the results (that is, performance). The traditional administrative management model "rarely achieves results because it does not measure the effect". Conversely, if modern management wants to achieve results, it is necessary to measure the results scientifically. Performance evaluation is the premise and guarantee of implementing the modern management concept based on results.