Answering skills in political and cultural life

I am a sophomore, and the information I am looking for is not bad. I'll give you a material analysis method.

It is a common strategy to provide certain materials as background and set questions in a specific background. The background materials given in the test questions often contain rich information needed to answer the test questions. This kind of test questions, analysis of materials is an important starting point for solving problems correctly and quickly. It is necessary for us to attach great importance to the material, read it carefully and even analyze it sentence by sentence, fully extract every effective information point in the material, and then analyze, summarize and refine it with the relevant knowledge of cultural life, so it is not difficult to organize a complete answer.

For example, according to the requirements of building a new socialist countryside, a municipal party committee and government in Zhejiang Province put forward the goal and standard of building a "rural cultural palace" with "four rooms, one field and one park" (education and training room, reading room, recreation room for the elderly, outdoor playground and small rural park), and allocated special funds from the municipal finance every year to support it. After years of hard work, the construction of "Village Cultural Palace" has achieved remarkable results, which not only brought the prosperity of rural culture, changed the backward concept of farmers, but also greatly improved the social atmosphere, public health and interpersonal relationship in the village.

What is the reason for the construction of the "rural cultural palace" in this city and the changes in its cultural life?

Thinking analysis: this question needs to be analyzed from two aspects: "construction" and "change" of the village cultural palace. From the perspective of "construction", the materials show that its main content is "four rooms, one field and one park" (education and training room, reading room, elderly activity room, cultural and sports activity room, outdoor activity field and village park). So why build these things? Through the analysis of the knowledge of cultural life, we can draw the conclusion that cultural activities are inseparable from material carriers, and because culture has a subtle influence on people, we need to create a good cultural environment. From the perspective of "change", the materials show that three major changes have taken place: one is the change of farmers' concepts, the other is the prosperity of rural culture, the improvement of social atmosphere and public health, and the third is the improvement of interpersonal relationships. The first change shows that culture can shape life; The second change shows that culture, as a spiritual force, can be transformed into material force, which has a far-reaching impact on social development; The third change shows that culture can influence people's communication behaviors and ways. On the basis of the above analysis, the answer to this question is not difficult to organize.

As a spiritual activity of human beings, culture is inseparable from material carriers, and its influence on human beings comes from specific cultural environment and cultural activities. Excellent culture can enrich people's spiritual world, enhance people's spiritual strength and promote people's all-round development. An advanced and healthy culture will promote social development.

Technical guidance: there are two key steps in the application of material analysis method: first, material analysis, fully extracting effective information of materials, and not missing it; Third, subject interpretation, through which material information is transformed into subject truth, subject viewpoint and subject method. Through material analysis, the organic combination of materials and knowledge can be realized, and the phenomenon of simply "copying" materials or simply "copying" book knowledge can be avoided.

Second, ask questions and dissect.

The first step to solve the problem is to examine the question, and the first thing to do in examining the question is to examine and clarify what the question is asking us and what we are asked to answer. Many problems in cultural life contain a lot of cleverness in the setting of problems. If we can constantly improve our ability to examine questions in the process of solving problems, make a detailed analysis of the set questions, and fully tap the information in them, we can often find the thinking path of solving problems, and get the effect of making things difficult and answering them smoothly.

The opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games showed the world the development of China from tradition to modernity, and showed a magnificent cultural picture. "Courtesy, harmony is precious", the voice of history, Tai Chi combining rigidity with softness, and bright smiling faces show the world the charm of China's "harmony" culture in the changing light and shadow.

Combined with materials and knowledge of cultural life, this paper explains how we should actively promote China culture to the world.

Thinking and analysis: How to better promote China culture to the world, from the perspective of cultural life, that is, how to better spread and exchange China culture around the world. This question is simple, divergent and difficult to answer, which requires us to conduct a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the question itself: First, why does China culture spread, that is, what is the influence of a culture in the world? This involves the relationship between economy and culture. Economy determines culture and economy is the foundation of culture. To promote the spread of China culture, it is necessary to continuously promote modernization and enhance China's economic strength. The second is "spreading what"? This involves the content of cultural innovation. To promote China culture to the world, we must base ourselves on practice, bring forth the new and learn from others. The third is "how to spread"? This involves the means and channels of cultural communication. In order to promote China culture to the world, we need to use modern scientific and technological means to create activities and carriers suitable for external communication. The fourth is "who will spread"? This mainly considers the problem that everyone is trying to be the messenger of China's cultural communication. After dissection, this question is divided into four questions: why spread, what spread, how to spread and who spread, and then analyze each question, and the answer is presented to us.

Sanyi method

We often encounter such a problem in the usual practice and examination process: after reading it, there is always a feeling of seeing flowers in the fog, which makes people unable to start. We don't have to be nervous when we come across such a topic. Because the proposer always has a certain intention when compiling the test questions, he always wants to examine our corresponding knowledge points through this topic. If we calm down and try to figure out the proposition intention of the proposer at this time-what (or what) knowledge points should be tested on this topic? If the proposer's proposition intention is made clear, things will come out and the problem will be solved.

Example: Since June 5438+February 1 day, 2007, China has started the pilot work of home appliances going to the countryside in Shandong, Henan, Sichuan and Qingdao. Every farmer can get a financial subsidy of 13% of the sales price of products when he buys household appliances such as color TV, refrigerator, washing machine and mobile phone according to regulations. On the basis of remarkable achievements, the scope of home appliances going to the countryside has been gradually expanded and implemented nationwide since February 2009 1. At the same time, motorcycles, computers, water heaters and air conditioners are also included in the scope of subsidies for home appliances to the countryside. According to estimates, the implementation of this policy can drive the total retail sales of consumer goods in rural areas to increase by about 2.5 percentage points annually, achieving 600 million household appliances sales for four consecutive years and stimulating domestic consumption by about 654.38+0.6 trillion yuan.

How will the popularity of mass media such as color TV, mobile phone and computer affect the rural cultural construction in China?

Thinking analysis: I believe many students will find it difficult to start with this question. At this time, we can find out the intention of the proposition: what does it want to test us? "the influence of mass media ..." ... isn't this a test of the influence of our mass media development? In this way, we have positioned knowledge. On this basis, we should recall what knowledge the mass media has (specifically in the third lesson of cultural life). Here, we mainly consider the powerful function of mass media, which has become the main means of cultural communication, so its popularization will have a great impact on rural cultural construction. What influence does the development of mass media have (Lesson 8 of Cultural Life)? There are two aspects. On the one hand, the development of mass media has brought gratifying changes to our cultural life, such as: satisfying people's increasingly diverse cultural needs and enriching people's spiritual correct values; Dissemination of scientific and cultural knowledge; Make people subtly accept the correct values and improve their ideological and moral quality. On the other hand, the development of mass media has also caused worrying phenomena. If we clarify the above contents by trying to figure out the intention of the proposer, and then combine these contents with the specific requirements of "rural cultural construction", the answer is probably close.

Skill guidance: there are three key steps to grasp in trying to figure out the method to solve the problem: first, knowledge positioning, that is, trying to figure out what knowledge (or knowledge) the proposer wants to test us; The second is the presentation of knowledge. On the basis of the first step, I will fully recall my knowledge and see what the relevant knowledge is. The third is knowledge selection, that is, choosing from all the presented (recalled) knowledge, and organizing the selected knowledge into answers according to the requirements of the topic.

Four-body positioning method

There are many subjects of political science, mainly including the party, the state (or government, state institutions), society, enterprises and individuals (citizens with political knowledge, workers, consumers, business operators and people with philosophical knowledge). These subjects may become the protagonists in the cultural life test questions. Therefore, the questions of cultural life often involve different subjects. Subjective orientation method has become a common skill for us to answer questions about cultural life: comprehensively analyzing questions from different disciplines.

For example, with the development of China's economy, although the total cultural consumption has increased steadily, compared with developed countries, the satisfaction of residents' cultural needs is insufficient1/4; In particular, cultural products and services suitable for rural areas are not satisfied; Cultural facilities and activities in rural areas are generally scarce. Some farmers play mahjong to kill time when they are free or not working, and unhealthy trends such as gambling and superstition take advantage of it.

In the process of building a new socialist countryside, how to better promote the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas based on the knowledge of material and cultural life?

Thinking analysis: this topic reveals the problems existing in rural cultural construction, which can be summarized into three aspects: first, compared with developed countries, residents' cultural needs are low, and rural cultural facilities and activities are scarce; Second, cultural products and services suitable for rural areas are not satisfied; Third, some farmers use mahjong to kill time, and unhealthy trends such as gambling and superstition take advantage of it. The solutions to these problems mainly involve three aspects. First of all, the state should vigorously develop the rural economy and provide a good foundation for the development of rural culture. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of rural cultural facilities and provide a good material carrier and social atmosphere for the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas. Second, enterprises, cultural enterprises should help to provide cultural products and services suitable for rural areas, which also involves the development of cultural industries; Third, farmers, farmers should constantly improve their own quality, because farmers are the main body of rural spiritual civilization construction. In this way, the answer to this question can be obtained by grasping the three main bodies of the country, enterprises and farmers and combining the relevant knowledge of cultural life.

Skill guidance: the premise of solving the subjective problem of cultural life by subject orientation method is to locate the subject, that is, to clarify which subjects are mainly involved in this problem; However, to answer the questions correctly, the key is to take a certain subject as the origin, radiate to the surrounding areas, and connect and integrate the relevant knowledge in cultural life. Otherwise, when solving problems by subject-oriented method, it is easy to answer the questions of cultural life into the questions of other modules, especially the questions of political life and economic life, resulting in unnecessary loss of points.

Pentagon excavation

We can often find different ideas from different angles and put forward different solutions to the same problem. Especially those relatively open and comprehensive subjective questions, students need to pay attention to the angle in the process of answering questions and find solutions from different angles: what answers can be found from this angle? From that perspective, what answer can be found? The more accurate and comprehensive the angle, the more comprehensive and accurate the answer will be.

Example: Material 1: On February 25th, 2009, the precious cultural relic "the head of a mouse and the head of a rabbit" plundered by the British and French allied forces from Yuanmingyuan during the invasion period was auctioned in France, which caused great losses to the history and culture of China and seriously hurt the cultural rights and national feelings of the people of China. This has also cast more shadows on the cultural relations between the two countries ...;

Material 2: Before the auction, the China lawyers group headed by Liu Yang appealed to the Paris High Court to stop the auction, but it was rejected. Liu Yang said that the result of losing the case was expected, that is, to "do what you know you can't do", to fulfill your responsibility to the country and the nation, and at the same time let the people know the history of the robbers, and to "be glorious even after losing". Many French Chinese protested in front of the Paris city government. Many people in China are extremely angry.

Combine materials and answers with knowledge of cultural life. What education did you get from the whole auction?

Thinking analysis: the key to solve this problem lies in digging the angle. First of all, judging from the object of the auction of "rat head and rabbit head", why did the auction of rat head and rabbit head in France cause such opposition from China and France? This is because the mouse head and rabbit head, as precious cultural relics, bear the traditional cultural factors of the Chinese nation and the national feelings of the people of China, and we have the responsibility and obligation to protect them. Secondly, judging from the demands of lawyers in China and the protests of French Chinese, their practice of holding high the banner of nationalism is a concentrated and vivid embodiment of the spirit of the Chinese nation. Thirdly, from the French point of view, they allowed the auction of China cultural relics snatched from Yuanmingyuan by the British and French allied forces that year, which was a disrespect for the cultural diversity of chinese heritage and the world, and seriously damaged the cultural rights and interests and national feelings of our people. In this way, we can dig this topic from three angles: rat's head and rabbit's head, China lawyer, French and France, and the answer comes out.

Skill guidance: In the process of answering cultural life questions, it is easy for students to grasp only one point or several points, resulting in missing answers. The reason is often that they don't analyze it from different angles. The key to solving cultural life test questions by angle mining method is to find all angles. Otherwise, it will be a pity that students think their answers are good and reasonable, but they still lose a lot of points.

Six-level progressive method

Among the political subjective questions in the college entrance examination, there is such a kind of topic: giving materials, asking candidates to talk about their views and understanding on the phenomena, events and viewpoints in the materials. An obvious feature of this kind of test questions is that they have a large range of questions and do not tell us the clear direction and scope of answering questions. Many students often have a feeling that this kind of problem can't be started. To solve this kind of problem, it is necessary to analyze it from four different levels: what, why and how (influence, function, significance, etc.) by using analytic hierarchy process-contact materials. ) and how to do it (countermeasures, measures, etc.). ), and finally make your understanding and views on the problem clear and profound.

Example: On May 2, 2008, Beijing time 14: 28, an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 occurred in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province. After the disaster, the people's soldiers came and propped up the hope of life with day and night rescue; Volunteers convey their love for life with loving hands; Street citizens have come to donate money, materials and blood ... People are interpreting the meaning of citizenship with their own actions. When the little girl reading a book with a flashlight in the ruins was rescued, her calmness, firmness and love for life strengthened people's belief in rebuilding their homes. The greater the challenge, the stronger we must be! Come on, China, stand up your unyielding backbone!

With the knowledge of "cultural life", talk about your understanding of "standing up the unyielding backbone".

Thinking analysis: When answering such questions, we should divide the questions into four levels: what, why, how to do it and how to do it. As far as this topic is concerned, the first question is "what is it", that is, what it means to "stand up to the unyielding backbone"-to carry forward the Chinese national spirit with patriotism as the core, unity, peace-loving, hard-working, brave and self-improvement. The second question is "why" should "stand up to the unyielding backbone", that is, why should we carry forward the national spirit-the spirit of the Chinese nation is the spiritual bond to maintain the common life of people of all ethnic groups, the spiritual pillar for the survival and development of the Chinese nation, the spiritual driving force to promote the prosperity of the Chinese nation, and the soul of the Chinese nation; Carrying forward and cultivating national spirit is an inevitable requirement to improve the comprehensive quality of the whole nation; It is the requirement of enhancing international competitiveness; It is the need to adhere to the socialist road. The third question is "what to do", that is, how to carry forward the national spirit-we must persist in giving play to the "backbone" role of Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development; We should inherit and carry forward the fine traditions of the Chinese nation; Learn from the achievements of advanced civilizations in the world; Carry forward the spirit of the times. After such analysis, the answer to this question is not difficult to organize.

Skills Counseling: The key to solving problems by hierarchical progressive method is to divide the problem into four small questions and analyze them one by one: The first question is "What"? That is, what are the phenomena, events and viewpoints to be solved in the material. The second question is "Why"? This paper mainly analyzes the causes of phenomena, events and opinions in materials. The third question is "How"? Mainly evaluate the phenomena, events and viewpoints in the materials, such as results, significance, functions and influences. The fourth question is what to do? Mainly put forward the corresponding countermeasures and measures. Of course, in the process of solving problems, not all questions need to be divided into four questions, and they need to be mastered flexibly in the process of answering questions.