How to make a special construction plan

Although the construction organization design, as a programmatic document guiding engineering construction, has been paid attention to in the past and has played a huge role in many major projects. With the development of science and technology, the continuous improvement of building level and the further improvement of the management system of construction enterprises, the original traditional construction organization design method can no longer meet the current requirements. At present, with the further implementation of China's reform and opening-up policy and the establishment of market economy, construction enterprises have implemented project management system, project bidding system and construction supervision system, and the rapid development of construction technology and the continuous modernization of management means have undoubtedly put forward new requirements for construction organization design. How to make the construction organization design adapt to and meet the needs of the new situation? After several years of work and study, the relevant issues are briefly described as follows.

1, construction organization design classification-bidding scheme and implementation scheme

In the past, the classification of construction organization design was divided into three categories: overall construction organization design, unit project construction organization design and sub-project construction organization design according to the different design stages and compilation objects. After the implementation of the bidding system, the construction organization design is still an indispensable part of the bidding documents. Bidding construction organization design (referred to as bidding scheme) and construction organization design (referred to as implementation scheme) should be regarded as two types of construction organization design because of their different characteristics. In practical work, the focus and depth of compilation should be determined according to the type of scheme.

1. 1 Difference between bidding scheme and implementation scheme

The function of 1) scheme: the bidding scheme is an important part of the tender and is prepared for obtaining the project contracting right. Its main function is not to guide the project construction, but in the following two aspects: First, it is a demonstration role. From the technical, organizational and management means, this paper demonstrates the rationality and feasibility of the three objectives of tender offer, construction period and construction quality; The second is the role of acceptance and offer. Make a clear and specific commitment to the requirements (quotation) put forward in the tender documents, and put forward requirements (quotation) for the conditions that need to be provided by the owner in the project contracting.

The implementation plan is mainly used to guide construction, but its function is not limited to construction because of its contractual status, which is embodied in the following three aspects: First, the basis of project settlement. An important feature of project cost is that the cost is related to the construction scheme. Different construction schemes are adopted for the same project, and the quantities and expenses are also different. The project bidding quotation is often the application of unit price and the calculation of actual engineering quantity, which should be determined according to the approved construction organization design; Second, the construction scheme is the basis of engineering claim. If the owner fails to provide the construction conditions (construction drawings, construction site, etc.). ) Arriving as scheduled is a breach of contract; If the owner requests not to carry out the construction according to the construction plan and construction progress plan, it must be agreed by both parties before implementation. If the construction period is delayed, the construction enterprise may claim the construction period, and if it causes economic losses such as materials, it may claim economic compensation. The basis of the claim includes the construction organization design; The third is the object of supervision. The construction scheme is applied to the whole construction process, integrating technology, economy, management and contract. This is a comprehensive construction plan and contract document. Therefore, the supervision engineer regards it as an important supervision object, strictly supervises its implementation, strictly controls the contractor's changes and modifications to the construction organization design, and regards unauthorized changes and modifications as breach of contract.

2) Focus: The focus of the bidding scheme is the overall construction deployment, construction progress, construction methods of major divisions and civilized measures such as quality and safety; The implementation plan shall be detailed and comprehensive.

3) Preparation time: The preparation of the bidding scheme before bidding is an important part of the bidding documents, so the preparation time is often very hasty; The implementation plan was prepared before the project started, but it should be constantly improved and supplemented during the construction process.

4) The bidding scheme cannot be modified after it is submitted, and the quality of the scheme directly affects whether the bid is won or not; The implementation plan can be changed, optimized and supplemented according to the change of objective conditions.

1.2 Relationship between bidding scheme and implementation scheme

The relationship between bidding scheme and implementation scheme can be described as follows: bidding scheme is the basis and basis of implementation scheme, and implementation scheme is the deepening and expansion of bidding scheme.

The bidding scheme has been formed in the bidding stage, but after the contract is signed, the contractor needs to modify, enrich and improve it according to the requirements of the contract documents and specific construction conditions, so as to form an implementation construction organization design. The FIDIC contract conditions and the model text of China's "Construction Contract for Construction Projects" all regard the tender as an integral part of the project contract. The modification, enrichment and improvement of the construction organization design are determined after the approval of the supervision engineer (the owner's representative) and repeated consultations between the two parties. The whole process has the characteristics of offer and acceptance in the contract. Therefore, the construction plan is an integral part of the project contract.

2. Construction organization design runs through the whole process of project construction.

For a specific project, the construction organization design is a "special specification" that comprehensively guides the project construction from the beginning of bidding to the winning bid, construction and completion acceptance. It is more specific, targeted and operable than the norms and regulations, which is the practical need to carry out the construction organization design in all stages of project construction.

In the bidding stage, the bidding scheme is the basis for formulating the quotation scheme. Excellent bidding scheme, advanced construction method, and all kinds of powerful quality, safety, construction period and civilized construction measures are all important weights to win the competition.

When entering the construction stage, we should establish the viewpoint of dynamic implementation plan. In the past, we emphasized that there must be a construction organization design before the project started, otherwise it could not be started. However, although a considerable number of projects have compiled the construction organization design, the actual implementation is not satisfactory, and some of them cannot be implemented at all. What caused this situation? Through years of practice, I realize that the important reason is to ignore the dynamic characteristics of the scheme. Get rid of the shackles of planned economy and join the sea of market economy. The objective environment and conditions are even more confusing. A scheme can only succeed under its specific conditions. As you can imagine, it is unrealistic to consider how thoughtful and meticulous the construction methods and technical measures of the whole project are for a systematic project that lasts for one year or even longer. Only by respecting the objective reality and fully understanding the dynamic characteristics of the implementation plan can the implementation plan play a real guiding role.

The dynamic characteristics of the scheme are also reflected in the compilation and organization of the scheme. Over the years, in many enterprises, the preparation of construction organization design is often written by individuals, which largely leads to the disconnection with materials, machinery, labor and other departments, making the construction organization design inherently inadequate from the beginning. In the process of project implementation, due to the separation of compilers and implementers, the construction organization design that can not play a guiding role can only be shelved.

The dynamic characteristics of the scheme are also reflected in the management of construction organization design, that is, dynamic management and information management should be implemented to prevent management from getting out of control.

3. Matters needing attention in compiling construction scheme

3. 1 For the preparation of the implementation plan, before the construction, we should focus on the establishment of the construction organization and management system, the determination of the construction deployment, the selection of the construction method of the foundation part, the preparation of the general construction schedule (nodes in each stage), the construction preparation work plan and various demand plans (including labor, construction machinery, turnover materials, materials, etc.). ); After the project is started, with the continuous advancement of the project, the implementation plan will be formulated in stages. Such as the main structure stage, decoration stage and so on. The emphasis is on the selection of construction methods of subdivisional work, the adjustment of construction progress and various demand plans.

3.2 For the preparation and organization of the implementation plan, all departments should participate in the method of * * *, with the technical director of the project as the editor-in-chief, so that the construction organization design can really guide the project construction. More importantly, in the process of project implementation, due to the change of objective conditions, the corresponding division construction scheme must be compiled. The divisional construction scheme should also be regarded as the supplement and perfection of the project construction organization design, and it is an integral part of the whole project construction organization design.

3.3 The management of construction organization design should be dynamic management and tracking management. On the other hand, the management of construction organization design should also be standardized.

Only when the above points are achieved can the dynamic implementation plan be truly instructive.

4. Concluding remarks

There is no doubt about the position of construction organization design in engineering construction, but how to really play the guiding role of the programmatic document of construction organization design in the whole process of the project and how to further adapt the construction organization design to the needs of the development of the situation still needs our continuous exploration and efforts.