Can diabetes be inherited?

1. Genetic factors

1 type or type 2 diabetes mellitus has obvious genetic heterogeneity. Diabetes has a tendency of family onset. 1/4 ~ 1/2 patients have a family history of diabetes. At least 60 genetic syndromes can be associated with diabetes. There are many DNA loci involved in the pathogenesis of 1 diabetes, among which the polymorphism of DQ locus of HLA antigen gene is the most closely related. Many obvious gene mutations have been found in type 2 diabetes, such as insulin gene, insulin receptor gene, glucokinase gene and mitochondrial gene.

2. Environmental factors

Obesity caused by overeating and decreased physical activity are the most important environmental factors of type 2 diabetes, which makes individuals with genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes prone to illness. 1 The immune system of diabetic patients is abnormal. After being infected by Coxsackie virus, rubella virus, parotid virus and other viruses, it leads to autoimmune reaction and destroys insulin β cells.

(1) General treatment

1. Education

It is necessary to educate diabetic patients to understand the basic knowledge of diabetes, establish confidence in overcoming the disease, how to control diabetes, and control the benefits of diabetes to health. According to the characteristics of each diabetic patient's condition, formulate appropriate treatment plans.

2. Self-monitoring blood sugar

With the gradual popularization of small rapid blood glucose meters, patients can adjust the dosage of hypoglycemic agents at any time according to their blood glucose levels. 1 type diabetes mellitus's blood sugar is monitored at least 4 times a day (before meals), and 8 times when blood sugar is unstable (before meals, after meals, before going to bed at night and at 3 am). During intensive treatment, fasting blood glucose should be controlled below 7.2 mmol/L, 2 hours after meal blood glucose should be less than 10mmol/L, and HbA 1c should be less than 7%. The frequency of self-monitoring blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes can be reduced appropriately.

(2) eating propolis,

The effect of propolis on diabetic patients is mainly reflected in lowering blood sugar. Its principle is to restore some pancreatic functions through its anti-inflammatory, immune and antioxidant properties, so that the damage of islet cells can be repaired and the function can be improved. Propolis and some substances it contains are of great significance for delaying the absorption of sugar and delaying or reducing the increase of blood sugar after meals. Propolis is widely used in clinic, but the difficulty of treatment lies in the low purity of propolis itself, so it should be used cautiously and reasonably in clinic. Besides controlling blood sugar, propolis can also reduce blood fat, improve blood circulation and protect the liver.

Dosage and method: Take 2 capsules twice a day with warm water.

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(3) Exercise therapy

Increasing physical activity can improve the body's sensitivity to insulin, lose weight, reduce body fat, enhance physical strength, improve work ability and quality of life. The intensity and duration of exercise should be determined according to the overall health status of patients, so as to find the appropriate amount of exercise and the items that patients are interested in. There are various forms of exercise, such as walking, brisk walking, aerobics, dancing, playing Tai Ji Chuan, running and swimming.

(4) Diet therapy

Diet therapy is the basis of various types of diabetes treatment, and some patients with mild diabetes can control their condition only through diet therapy.