What are patent basics?

1 Overview

Patent is short for patent right, which is an exclusive right. It refers to the kind of patent right that is granted to an invention-creation for which a patent application has been filed with the Patent Office and which has been examined and approved. To obtain a patent, the content of the invention must be disclosed. Thus, patented technology is public technology, not secret technology.

This method of protection has the following characteristics: the protection of the technical field is wide, as long as the conditions set out in the patent law can apply for a patent, according to the law to obtain effective protection; due to the disclosure of the invention, it is possible to get the full implementation of the inventor or invention unit can be licensed by means of trade and other means of obtaining a larger income; conducive to breaking the technological blockade, and to promote the progress of technology.

China's patent protection includes three kinds of objects, namely, invention, utility model, design, the term of China's patent right, invention patent for 20 years, utility model and design for 10 years, as shown in Figure 7-14.

Figure 7-14 Years of Patent Protection

1) Inventions

The inventions referred to in the Patent Law are divided into two major categories, namely, product inventions (e.g., machines, instruments, equipment and appliances, etc.) and method inventions (methods of manufacture).

Product inventions are technical solutions developed by people through research on a variety of new products, new materials, new substances and so on. The product on the patent law, can be an independent, complete product, or can be a device or instrument in the parts. Its main contents include: manufactured goods (such as machines and equipment) and various materials for supplies (such as chemical substances and compositions) and other products with new uses.

Method invention refers to technical solutions such as operation methods, manufacturing methods, and processes that people have researched and developed for the purpose of manufacturing a product or solving a technical subject. A method can be a complete process consisting of a series of steps or a single step. It mainly includes: manufacturing methods, i.e., methods for making a particular product; other methods, such as measuring methods, analyzing methods, communication methods, etc.; and new uses for the product.

2) Utility Model

A utility model is also a new technical solution. In this respect, it is no different from an invention. In fact, it is indeed an invention, but it is less creative requirements, so some people call it a "small invention", which has a few differences with the invention. The shape of the product referred to in the utility model patent refers to the product has, can be observed from the outside of the determined spatial shape. The shape of a product without a definite shape, such as gaseous, liquid, powdery or granular substances or materials, cannot be regarded as a shape feature of a utility model product. The product construction referred to in the utility model patent refers to the arrangement, organization and interrelationship of the various components of the product.

3) Appearance Design

Appearance design is also called new style. It is not a technical program, which is very different from invention and utility model. A design must be a design of the appearance of a product. Appearance should be aesthetic. However, it is difficult to determine an objective standard for aesthetics, and the Patent Office is not strict in examining this point. Therefore, as long as the design of the product shape, pattern, color design, can apply for a design patent.

The invention or utility model for which a patent is granted shall be novel, creative and practical, and the design for which a patent is granted shall be novel and original.

2 Process of Patent Application

The general process of patent application is as follows:

(1) Firstly, the patent application documents should be compiled, for example, the utility model patent should include utility model patent application, specification, specification of the drawings, the claims, the abstract and the abstract of the drawings. If the application is for fee remission, the application for fee remission and the corresponding supporting documents shall be submitted. If a patent agency is commissioned, a power of attorney shall be submitted.

(2) Then submit the application documents, either electronic information or paper documents. Enterprises or universities to apply for a special electronic port for the submission of application documents, which reduces the time wasted in the transportation of information, but also very convenient and fast.

(3) The patent office will issue a "Notice of Patent Acceptance" upon receipt of the documents, which means that the patent application is accepted, and the patent acceptance fee should be paid at this time.

(4) the patent office in the receipt of the fee, it will be a patent by the person to audit, if not through the opinion will be amended, if passed will issue a "notice of patent authorization", and the applicant to pay the patent authorization fee.

(5) When the patent office receives the fee, it will mail the patent book to the contact person.

Undergraduates mostly apply for utility model patents, and we will take "a kind of indeterminate-axis rotating window" applied by 2010 students of the School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Southwest Petroleum University as an example to illustrate how to prepare the application materials for utility model patents.

"Patent request" is mainly about the name of the project, the inventor, the applicant, the contact person and the summary of the submitted information.

"Claims" is the applicant for the protection of the technical content and scope of protection of the legal documents to give clear and accurate limitations, is the most important part of the invention or utility model patent application documents. "A kind of indeterminate axis rotating window" is expressed in this way:

1. A kind of indeterminate axis rotating window is composed of a window leaf, a window leaf handle, a window frame, a gimbal wheel system, a T-shaped window leaf slide and a guide groove. It is characterized in that: the window leaf (1) is a rectangular frame with glass inside the frame, the window leaf handle A (2-1) is set in the middle of the left side of the window leaf (1), and the window leaf handle B (2-2) is set in the middle of the right side of the window leaf, and the T-shaped window leaf chute A (5-1) is installed on the upper side of the window leaf (1), and the T-shaped window leaf chute B (5-2) is installed on the lower side of the window leaf; the window frame (3) is a square frame fixed in a building wall, and the guide grooves A, B (12-1, 12-2) installed in the window frame (3) on the upper and lower corners and fixed, guide groove A, B (12-1, 12-2) installed in the window leaf closed inside one side; universal joint wheel system is divided into upper and lower two groups, the upper group by the universal joint wheel A (4-1) and the universal joint wheel B (4-2) with the joint wheel linkage between the linkage (9) connection, and the lower group of the universal joint wheel C (4-3) with the Universal joint wheel D (4-4) connected by inter-throttle linkage (9), two sliders (11) of the upper group of the universal joint wheel system are installed in the T-shaped window leaf slide A (5-1), and two rollers (10) are installed in the upper-left corner guide groove B (12-2), and two sliders (11) of the lower group are installed in the T-shaped window leaf slide B (5-2), and two rollers (10) are installed in the lower-left corner guide groove A (12-1); the right window leaf has the same structure as the left window leaf (1) and is of left-right symmetrical structure.

2. The indeterminate axis rotating window according to claim 1, characterized in that: the said universal joint wheels A, B, C, D (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) are composed of a roller bracket (6), a roller shaft (7), a universal joint (8), a roller (10), and a slider (11); the universal joint (8) is connected to the slider (11) at one end, and to the roller bracket (6) at the other end. ), and the roller (10) is connected to the roller bracket (6) with the roller shaft (7); the two universal joint wheels A and B (4-1, 4-2) are connected to form a whole with the inter-joint wheel connecting rod (9), and the two universal joint wheels C and D (4-3, 4-4) are connected to form a whole with the inter-joint wheel connecting rod (9).

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of "a kind of indeterminate axis rotating window"

3. The indeterminate axis rotating window according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the said lower left guide channel A (12-1) is composed of two mutually perpendicular linear slides ①, ②, and on the inner side of the perpendicular linear slide, two circular arc slides ③, ②, and on the inner side of the perpendicular linear slide, two circular arc slides ③, and two arc slide ③, ④, arc slide ③ starts from the lower edge of the right angle and stops at the upper edge, arc slide ④ starts from the upper edge of the corner and stops at the lower edge of the slide ②; the upper-left corner of the guide groove B (12-2) and the guide groove A (12-1) is a top and bottom horizontally symmetrical structure.

The utility model relates to a kind of window used in house building and home, especially suitable for the indeterminate axis rotating window which has a higher floor or the window is easy to be dirty and difficult to be cleaned. It can solve the window inside and outside both sides of the difficult to clean and improve indoor air circulation problems. Its technical program is: window leaf is a rectangular frame, the left end of the side of the window leaf handle A, the right end of the side of the window leaf handle B, in the window leaf on the lower side of the installation of the T-shaped window leaf chute A, B; window frames are fixed in the building wall, the guide groove A, B is installed in the upper and lower corners of the window frame; cardanoid joints system is divided into the upper and lower two groups, by the cardanoid joints wheel A, B with the section of the joints wheel linkage connection is mounted on the top by the cardanoid section wheel C, D With section wheel linkage connection installed in the bottom, the slider is placed in the upper and lower T-shaped window leaf slide, the roller is placed in the left upper and lower corner guide groove. This rotating window switch is convenient and smooth, easy to maintain and clean, can adjust the air intake and air intake direction, improve the indoor air circulation, applicable to the higher floor of the housing construction.

"Summary of the specification" is a distillation of the core of the specification, including the background, realization, application scope. "An indeterminate-axis rotating window" is presented in this way:

"Abstract with drawings" is submitted as a picture that best describes the project.

"Specification" should state the name of the utility model, which should be consistent with the name in the petition. The specification should include the following contents: technical field (state the technical field to which the technical solution for protection belongs), background technology (state the background technology useful for understanding, searching, and reviewing the invention or utility model, and, if possible, cite documents reflecting such background technology), the invention (state the technical problem to be solved by the invention or utility model, as well as the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem), and state against the prior art the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem, as well as the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem. Program, and write the beneficial effects of the invention or utility model against the prior art), drawings (instructions with drawings, the drawings are briefly described), specific implementation (written in detail that the applicant believes that the realization of the invention or the utility model of the preferred way to give examples, if necessary; there are drawings, against the accompanying drawings). "A kind of indeterminate axis rotating window" is expressed in this way:

Technical field:

The present utility model relates to a kind of window used in house building and home, especially suitable for the higher floor as well as a kind of indeterminate axis rotating window which is easy to be dirty and cleaned frequently.

Background technology:

In the daily construction and home life and housing renovation, the floor is higher when the installation of the window glass cleaning is troublesome work, so the metropolitan skyscrapers appeared in the so-called "Spiderman" of the high-altitude window cleaners of the high-risk occupations, their working environment is harsh, bear great risks, there is an urgent need for a kind of rotary windows, and the windows are dirty easily and frequently cleaned. Their working environment is harsh and the risk they bear is great, so there is an urgent need for a new window design to solve the problems they face. Based on the above window cleaning work brought about by the difficult problem, we designed this kind of indeterminate axis rotating window, through the window frame in the slide movement rotation to achieve the window inside and outside of the two sides of the flip, easy to clean the work of safe and convenient to carry out. Existing rotary window design, the axis of rotation are fixed, occupy a large space, while the angle of the window is limited to a certain extent, to achieve the efficient use of the limited space occupied, some designs also have an impact on the aesthetics and prone to failure and damage of the defects. The design of the indeterminate axis rotating window, in addition to solving the problem of limited opening of the existing windows and easy to damage the shortcomings, but also through the indeterminate axis of the rotating movement to improve the quality of indoor air circulation.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is: in order to solve the window inside and outside the two sides of the cleaning problem and through the window of the indeterminate axis of the movement to increase the window opening as well as to facilitate the maintenance, and at the same time, in order to improve the quality of the indoor air circulation, to provide a kind of indeterminate axis of rotating windows.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical program: a kind of indeterminate axis rotating window is composed of a window leaf, a window leaf handle, a window frame, a universal joint wheel system, a T-shaped window leaf slide and a guide groove. Its structural features are: the window leaf is a rectangular frame with glass inside the frame, the window leaf handle A is set in the middle of the left side of the window leaf and the window leaf handle B is set in the middle of the right side of the window leaf, the T-shaped window leaf chute A is installed on the upper side of the window leaf, and the T-shaped window leaf chute B is installed on the lower side of the window leaf; the window frame is a square frame fixed in a building wall, and the guide grooves A and B are installed in the upper and lower corners of the window frame and fixed, and the guide grooves A and B are installed on the Closed on the inside side; universal joint wheel system is divided into upper and lower two groups, the upper group by the universal joint wheel A and universal joint wheel B with the section wheel linkage connection, the lower group by the universal joint wheel C and universal joint wheel D with the section wheel linkage connection, the universal joint wheel system above a group of two sliders mounted in the T-shaped window leaf chute A, the two rollers mounted in the upper-left corner of the guide groove B, the lower group of two sliders mounted in the T-shaped window leaf chute B, and two rollers are mounted in the lower left corner guide groove A; the right window leaf has the same structure as the left window leaf and is of left-right symmetric structure.

The above universal joint wheels A, B, C, D are composed of roller bracket, roller axle, universal joint, roller and slider; one end of the universal joint is connected to the slider, the other end is connected to the roller bracket, and the roller is connected to the roller bracket by the roller axle; two universal joint wheels A, B are connected to form a whole by the inter-segmental linkage, and two universal joint wheels C, D are connected to form a whole by the inter-segmental linkage.

The shape of the above lower left guide groove A (as shown in Fig. 3) consists of two mutually perpendicular linear slides ① and ②, and two arc slides ③ and ④ are set inside the perpendicular linear slides, with arc slide ③ starting from the lower right-angle edge and stopping at the upper edge, and arc slide ④ starting from the upper edge corner and stopping at the lower slide ②; and the upper-left guide groove B and the guide groove A are the up-and-down horizontally symmetric structure.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is: (1) the upper roller connecting device using universal joint design can solve the window in the process of moving the formation of the dead point problem, so that the action of the window switch is more smooth; (2) after the design of the window as a whole stronger, but also more easy to maintain, easy to clean; (3) due to have a different from the traditional fixed-axis rotating window switching design, the use of the indeterminate axis of rotation can be very good to expand the movement of the space. rotation can be very good to expand the movement space; (4) "a push, a turn, a pull" form of continuous movement enriches the window opening mode, so that the window opening action is more convenient and labor-saving; (5) in the process of opening the window due to the expansion of the movement space, at the same time, the window can be changed in the window frame in the orientation of the window, but also adjust the amount of air and the direction of the air, the three directions of the natural wind. The air inlet direction can be adjusted, and the natural wind from three directions is guided into the room, which can improve the quality of indoor air circulation and accelerate the air renewal rate.

Description of the drawings:

The present utility model is further described in the following drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model indeterminate axis rotating window.

Fig. 2 shows the structure schematic diagram of the gimbal wheel 4-1 of the present window.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the window guide 12-1, in which ① and ② are linear slides, and ③ and ④ are circular arc slides.

Figure: 1. window leaf, 2-1. window leaf handle A, 2-2. window leaf handle B, 3. window frame, 4-1. universal joint wheel A, 4-2. universal joint wheel B, 4-3. universal joint wheel C, 4-4. universal joint wheel D, 5-1. T-shaped window leaf chute A, 5-2. T-shaped window leaf chute B, 6. roller bracket, 7. roller axle, 8. universal joints, 9. section of the inter-roller rod Next, a set of rollers 10 of the universal joint wheel A, B is placed in one of the guide groove A 12-1, and the other three guide grooves are also installed; finally, two sliders 11 of the universal joint wheel A, B are installed in the T-shaped window leaf slide A5-1 of the window leaf 1, and the other three universal joint wheels are similarly installed, and the installation of this 360 ° indeterminate axis rotating window is completed.

Fig. 2: Schematic diagram of the structure of the universal joint wheel 4-1 of "a kind of indeterminate-axis rotating window"

According to FIG. 2, the universal joint wheel 4-1 consists of a roller bracket 6, a roller axle 7, a universal joint 8, a roller wheel 10, and a slider 11, and the universal joint 8 connects to the slider 11 at one end, and connects to the roller bracket 6 at the other end, with the roller axle 7, and the universal joint 8 connects to the slider 11 at the other end, with the roller axle 7 connecting to the roller bracket 6. bracket 6, connecting the roller 10 to the roller bracket 6 with the roller axle 7, and connecting the two gimbaled knuckle wheels A and B into a whole with the inter-knot wheel linkage 9.

According to FIG. 3, the shape of the guide groove A is composed of two mutually perpendicular linear slides ①, ②, and two circular arc slides ③, ④ are provided on the inside of the perpendicular linear slides, with the blank part of the figure indicating that the guide grooves are open, and the shaded part is not open.

Use:

Figure 3 "an indeterminate axis rotating window" guide groove 12-1 structure schematic diagram

The rotating window is opened: as shown in figure 1, take the left window leaf 1 as an example, use your hand to pull the window leaf handle B2-2 inward, so that the window leaf 1 is rotating around the gimbal wheels A and C close to the frame 3, while the gimbal wheels B and C are rotating, the window leaf is rotating around the window frame. rotate, while the other roller 10 in the universal joint wheels B, D (FIG. 2) rolls in the chute ③ in the guide grooves A, B, to realize the opening of the window; rotate: then pull the window leaf handle B2-2 to the left, so that the window leaf rotates around the roller 10 in the inside, and the other roller 10 rolls in the chute ④ in the guide grooves A, B. At the same time, the slider 11 in the universal joint wheels A4-1 (FIG. 2) can be used in the window leaf 1 The slider 11 in the universal joint wheel A4-1 (Fig. 2) can slide in the T-shaped window leaf slide A5-1 in the window leaf 1 to realize the rotation of the indeterminate axis of the window leaf 1; in addition, pulling the window leaf handle B2-2 to the right, so that the roller 10 in the universal joint wheel A4-1 (Fig. 2) which is leaning inward is rolled in the straight line slide ② in the guide groove A and B, and the other roller 10 in the universal joint wheel A4-1 (Fig. 2) rolls in the straight line slide ① in the guide groove A and B. As the pitch of the two rollers is fixed, it corresponds to a fixed-length straight line. fixed, equivalent to a fixed length of the two endpoints of a straight line in an isosceles right-angled triangle of the two right-angled sides of the movement (elliptic mechanism principle of motion), while the universal joint wheel A4-1 (Figure 2) in the slider 11 can be sliding in the window leaf 1 in the T-shaped window leaf chute 5, the combination of the above two cases of positive and negative rotation, in order to realize the window leaf of the 360 ° indeterminate axis of rotation; closed: regardless of the opening of the window leaf 1 is at any position, the position of the window leaf when the window is initially opened can be realized by the above rotating way, and then the window can be closed like a general window. Some other ways of closing the window can be realized in the rotation.

"The accompanying drawings of the specification" are schematic drawings of the structure of each of the drawings mentioned in the specification, such as "an indeterminate-axis rotating window".