What is the structure of erhu?

The erhu is relatively simple in structure, consisting of barrel, rod, skin, shaft, string, bow, jack, bridge horse and bow hair. Functions of various parts of the erhu: The erhu component consists of nine main parts, and their functions are introduced as follows: A Qin tube: it is an important part of the erhu, and the piano skin after the string is rubbed vibrates by the push-pull movement of the bow. The texture and shape of piano barrel have a direct impact on the volume and sound quality. Generally made of rosewood or mahogany. Shapes are hexagonal, octagonal, round, front octagonal and back round. Hexagons are commonly used. There is a sound window (usually a carved wooden window) embedded in the back of the barrel, which not only plays a decorative role in the barrel, but also has certain benefits for pronunciation, sound transmission and sound filtering.

B Piano leather: There are two kinds of python skin and snake skin, and python skin is the best. It is an important pronunciation of erhu and the key to vibration source, which directly affects the sound quality and volume.

C piano pole: it is the pillar of erhu, and it is the trunk. It not only plays an auxiliary role in connecting the preceding with the following, but also has a certain influence on the overall vibration pronunciation. Some materials used to make piano poles are ebony, ebony or mahogany. Generally, mahogany is used more. Mahogany is cheap and has a certain tensile strength.

D Piano Axis: There are two axes (also called Qin Zi) to adjust the pitch. The upper shaft is bound with rubber inner rope, and the lower shaft is bound with twisted outer rope. There are two kinds of piano shafts: wooden shaft and mechanical shaft, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages. The wooden shaft is stable after tuning, and it is not easy to go out of tune, but the string is tight and loose, so it is difficult to tune. The mechanical shaft can be tuned quickly and freely, and the pitch is good. However, at present, the production quality is not completely up to standard, and sometimes it will be loose and slippery, which will easily lead to the strings out of tune.

E bow: it is an important tool for erhu pronunciation, and consists of two parts: the bow stem and the bow hair. The bow pole is made of superior purple bamboo with moderate thickness. The hardness and elasticity of the bow will directly affect the playing effect. Bow hair used to be made of nylon and horse hair, and ponytails are mostly used. White ponytails are the best, followed by black ponytails. Generally, fine purple bamboo is used to tie the ponytail, and one end is equipped with a live screw (bow fish) to adjust the tightness of bow hair. F-string: it is one of the pronunciation styles of Qin and one of the sound sources of Erhu. Its quality directly affects the pronunciation effect. At present, there are two kinds of strings: one is metal string, which has the characteristics of good tension, good sound quality, good pitch and high sensitivity, and is divided into aluminum string and silver string, with silver string being the best; The other is the silk string, which sounds softer and more delicate than the metal string, but the potential is poor and the pitch is poor, so it is easy to break. Nowadays, metal strings are mostly used.

G Qianjin: Also known as Qianjin, it plays the role of fixing and cutting the erhu strings. It also has a certain influence on pitch. It is made of cotton thread, silk thread, plexiglass, plastic and other materials. Its forms are various, including fixed jack, wire wound jack, metal jack and so on. More commonly used are thousands of pairs of gold wrapped in red.

H Qinma: It is the vibration medium between the strings and the piano skin, and plays an important role in pronunciation. It uses wood, bamboo, metal and paper. , commonly used are pine knot horses and maple wooden horses. The pine-knotted horse has soft wood, mellow and honest pronunciation, and the maple wooden horse has moderate hardness, soft pronunciation and low noise. J piano holder: it is the base of the piano body, which plays a decorative and stable role. Some erhuqin stands are also equipped with adjustable feet, which are adjusted with nylon buttons, making it more convenient to play.