What are two ways to make charcoal?

(1) Kiln burning method, in which a kiln is built with mud, filled with wood, and burned from a kiln door or a fire door, so that the wood is carbonized in the kiln, volatiles escape and charcoal remains;

(2) Dry distillation method, that is, wood dry distillation method. According to the fire extinguishing methods of kiln, there are two kinds of black charcoal and white charcoal.

Brief introduction of charcoal kiln: There are many kiln forms and structures, such as Zhejiang kiln, carp kiln, wooden ladle kiln, Hunan wooden kiln and Sichuan wooden kiln, fast iron kiln and machine kiln. Usually, the method of extinguishing in a closed kiln is called kiln extinguishing, and the obtained carbon is called "black carbon". After the wood is carbonized in the kiln, it is pulled out of the kiln while it is hot, and then the method of extinguishing the fire with wet sand is called the method of extinguishing the fire outside the kiln. In the process of flameout, charcoal is calcined when it comes into contact with air, and the outside of charcoal is oxidized, resulting in white ash attached to charcoal, which is called "white charcoal". White charcoal is harder than black charcoal.

[Edit this paragraph] 4. The preparation raw material can be divided into:

(1) hard and wide charcoal. It is mainly composed of hardwood such as Quercus and Castanopsis in FAGACEAE, followed by birch. Such as Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Betula platyphylla, Quercus acutissima, Castanopsis sclerophylla, Elm, Acer, etc.

② Broad-leaved charcoal. Charcoal made by mixing hard hardwood and soft and hard wood. Such as poplar, linden and willow.

3 loose charcoal. Charcoal made of pine or other cork. Such as masson pine, Korean pine, spruce, etc.

According to success and failure, it can be divided into:

The first kind of timber forest is mainly used for folk charcoal burning, namely firewood; The second kind of timber forest is mainly used for industrial and civil wood processing, and it is a firewood forest.

In addition, there are bamboo charcoal fired by bamboo and carboniferous fired by wooden materials such as shells and stones (coconut shells and peach cores).

Firewood collected from domestic stoves is usually called charcoal.

If charcoal is crushed, it is mixed with a suitable binder, then pressed, shaped and baked to make pressed charcoal.