Analysis of local cultural architecture art?

Taking Shen Hongbin's former residence in Qing Dynasty as the center, this paper analyzes its humanistic history and architectural art forms, probes into the cultural values of Shen Hongbin's former residence, studies the artistic forms and decorative patterns of Chu culture in architecture, and discusses the artistic ideas and spiritual civilization of the times conveyed by the decorative art of Chu culture in the architectural design of his former residence. So as to summarize the architectural artistic value and cultural connotation of celebrities' former residences, which can guide the correct social values and have practical guiding significance for today's Jingchu regional architectural design.

The former residence of Shen Hongbin discussed in this paper is located in Shenjia, the fifteenth mountain of Fushan Office, Xian 'an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province. It is 3.8km away from Xian 'an City in the northwest, adjacent to maqiao town in the east, Tingsiqiao Town in the west and south, and maqiao town and Wenquan Office in the north. East longitude11419' 01.6 ",north latitude 29 46' 57.7". The former residence building is in the local architectural style of Hubei in the late Qing Dynasty, with courtyard layout, symmetrical left and right with nave and Tianjing as the central axis, exquisite craftsmanship, obvious decorative art style and high artistic research value. At the same time, Shen Hongbin's former residence is also the only Taiwan-related cultural relic in Hubei Province, which is an important display of Taiwan Province's provincial governance and reflects the historical facts of the development and management of Taiwan Province Province in China history (especially in Qing Dynasty). Shen Hongbin was born in the 20th year of Qing Daoguang (1840). His highest position is the prefect of Taiwan Province Province. In August of the 6th year of Guangxu, in order to suppress Liu Shengen, a gangster in Taiwan Province Province, General Shen Hongbin continued to fight, but the treatment was ineffective. He eventually died in Taiwan Province Province, and was named "General Wei Zhen" after his death, which had a great influence on the stability and public order in Taiwan Province Province.

First, the appearance of Shen Hongbin's former residence

The former residence was built in Tongzhi of Qing Dynasty for seven to twelve years (1868- 1873), with a mixed structure of brick and wood. It was built by Shen Hongbin himself, with a small blue tile roof, a three-story central axis and eight left and right wings and corridors on both sides. The gatehouse is cornice-shaped, with load-bearing beams spanning the bucket and fire-proof gables on both sides. The hall is tall, and the wooden building is carved with guardrails and connected with the wings on both sides, and the corridors are connected. There are six patios. The central axis buildings are all beam frames, with two forms, the bay is bucket structure and the rest rooms are hard mountain purlins. The total construction area is 2578 square meters, and the construction area is 1 340 square meters. Shen Hongbin has been lived and used by his descendants since his death, with a history of 140 years. All the buildings were in disrepair for a long time, lacking daily maintenance, and the roofs partially collapsed, causing serious rain leakage, and some buildings all collapsed in the morning. According to the research, the foundation of the building is stable, and no obvious settlement and deformation are found. The plaster on the wall has fallen off, causing serious pollution. Most of the buildings are decorated with wooden doors and double wooden windows, some of which were later replaced, which is inconsistent with the original style, and the rest of the doors and windows are seriously deformed and rotted. The indoor wooden floor was changed to cement mortar floor in the later stage, and the Taiming bluestone was seriously damaged.

Second, the decorative art of Chu culture architecture in Shen Hongbin's former residence

(A) the former residence of Chu culture and decorative arts

Chu culture, with Emperor Yan as its ancestor and Phoenix as its totem, is different from the Central Plains art in northern China during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. It is an outstanding artistic creation of human beings in the ancient world, which reflects each other with ancient Egyptian art, Babylonian art, ancient Greek art at the same time and later Roman art. It is symbolic, decorative and abstract, and tends to romanticism. Since Wei Chu in the late Han Dynasty, Buddhism, Taoism and witchcraft have coexisted in Chu, and their artistic features are also mysterious. At the same time, the wild natural ecological environment in the south is full of infinite vitality and natural intention, which nourishes the culture and art of Chu people. The architectural decoration of Shen Hongbin's former residence still retains these relics of Chu culture and art, among which deer and phoenix birds are recurring themes in Chu culture and art, just as hideous gluttony and animal face are recurring themes in Shang art, the reason why deer and phoenix are taken as artistic themes is because they have deep roots with Chu culture.

On the one hand, Taoism retains the essence of many ancient witchcraft. Deer are mounts used by wizards to communicate with heaven, earth, people and gods. Ride it, and all monsters are afraid to get close. On the other hand, elk are good at running and can quickly report the good or bad of the dead for protection. The characteristics of antlers are defensive and can resist foreign invasion. The dragon and phoenix patterns, triangular moire patterns, dragon fish patterns and palindromes in the architectural decoration of the former residence all exude the pride of Chu for two thousand years. Although the former residence was abandoned due to lack of protection, the use of these patterns and elements with strong Chu culture and art flavor in buildings not only passed on the culture of the times to future generations, but also gave them an attitude and warning to life through this culture, which verified the word "Do not forget your initiative mind" often used in modern society. In the absence of modern mainstream values, cultural communication can be attached to architecture as a material medium to continue this architectural culture, which has both rational spirit and perceptual beauty.

(2) Shen Hongbin's former residence inherits Chu culture.

Chu culture has a long history and is profound. It is an important part of China's national culture. It was formed around the mid-Spring and Autumn Period, and it is a cultural system with Jingchu nationality as the main body and Chu State as the center. From a historical perspective, Chu culture is the sum of material culture and spiritual culture. Architecture is the most intuitive and effective way to spread culture. It is the materialized form of human spiritual civilization, which reflects the local social, historical and cultural characteristics and becomes the essence of regional culture and national culture. Shen Hongbin's former residence is an important representative of Jingchu residential buildings. Its architectural form, courtyard layout and decoration details are typical of Chu culture, and its construction level and technical level are higher than other ordinary residential buildings.

The former residence's expression of visual elements of Chu culture shows the architectural differences of Jingchu culture through architecture, highlights the connotation of local culture, and provides a typical case for the study of Jingchu residential architecture, which has high scientific value. In the development of modern urban architecture, cosmopolitanism and regionalism, modernity and tradition cannot be simply superimposed, but need to be absorbed by each other. It is necessary to integrate multiculturalism and reflect the spirit of the times, but also to protect and inherit unique regional traditions and establish their own cultural foundation. In Chu culture, Taoism and Taoist concept of existence and non-existence are properly applied in ancient Jingchu architecture, which is also in line with the mainstream values of contemporary architectural design. The creation of architectural art can rely on traditional culture to innovate and convey the charm of local culture in architectural design, which should be carefully summarized and inherited by our architectural design today.

Third, the cultural value of Shen Hongbin's former residence building

(A) regional architectural culture

Local cultural architecture not only has a certain value and significance in connotation, but also plays a role as a value standard for the whole society, that is, the pursuit of "truth" and "beauty" by human beings, and this standard is the cornerstone of the establishment of civilized social order. It can be said that it is a combination of material culture and intangible culture, which has valuable human resources and plays a very good role in promoting the cultural status and economic development of cities and regions. On the one hand, because the former residence building has profound historical, cultural, artistic and scientific values, it will inevitably have a positive impact on people who visit, observe and live in it, giving people education and inspiration. Using the architectural resources of celebrities' former residences to carry out cultural construction can achieve the ultimate goal of enriching people's life, and also arouse the public's extensive interest and respect for history and culture through the protection and utilization of heritage resources, so that the general public and villagers can deeply experience the cultural traditions precipitated in the historical interpretation of cities or regions, improve their cultural taste and spiritual realm, and thus reverse the wrong values of measuring wealth and money by numbers in the rapid development of market economy.

(B) the cultural value of Shen Hongbin's former residence.

Shen Hongbin's former residence is the carrier and materialized form of traditional culture in Qing Dynasty. It not only has its rational spirit, but also reveals the perceptual beauty of Chu culture and art, and it is the architectural form with the most regional cultural characteristics. If this celebrity's former residence declines and disappears, it will be the irreversible disappearance of a specific traditional culture in the regional culture, just as the disappearance of a species in the ecosystem will inevitably lead to the change of biological species diversity. As a historical and cultural resource of Jingchu, the unique functional value of Shen Hongbin's former residence is incomparable and irreplaceable by any other modern consumption space. Therefore, we should look at the architectural culture of the former residence with a positive eye, deeply understand the subtle relationship between tradition and people's social life and code of conduct today, get rid of narrow material utility, and establish national self-confidence and self-esteem.

Four. conclusion

The former residence of celebrities is a non-renewable historical and cultural heritage, a product of long-term accumulation of human history and culture, and an important part of urban history. The building of Shen Hongbin's former residence has historical value, because it is the material evidence of the changes of the times, society, cities and buildings. Because it records all kinds of traces caused by natural and human factors in the process of time passing, it has the value of time; Because it contains material energy and information energy from the past, it has a long-term balanced relationship with man and nature, so it has ecological value. On the other hand, modern architectural design also urgently needs this kind of value reference and historical and cultural inheritance. The Chu culture and art factors in Shen Hongbin's former residence are not only integrated into modern and even contemporary architectural culture, but may shine again in the future world architecture.

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