Essay on X City in Architectural Circle

Archway is a unique landscape of China's architectural culture and a unique carrier of China's architectural art and culture. The memorial archway is also called the memorial archway (but there is still a difference between the two), which was first seen in the Zhou Dynasty. Poetry Chen Feng Hengmen: "Under Hengmen, you can stay overnight." The Book of Songs was compiled in the Spring and Autumn Period, probably from the early Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period. It can be inferred that "Hengmen" appeared in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period at the latest. What is Hengmen? At that time, it existed in the structure of two columns and one beam. Formerly known as "Hengmen", it is the ancestor of the archway.

The memorial archway is one of the symbols of China culture. It originated in the Han Dynasty, matured in the Tang and Song Dynasties, reached its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and evolved from a practical building to a memorial building. Widely used to show merit and glory, it is placed in front of altars, Confucius temples, palaces, temples, tombs, ancestral temples, offices and gardens in the suburbs. As a unique monument, it not only has its own architectural structure and unique style, but also integrates sculpture, painting, inscriptions, calligraphy and other arts.

In ancient China, especially after the Song Dynasty, the memorial archway was no longer a simple monument. As an architectural symbol, it reflects the actual control of the central government over local grass-roots units more accurately than garrisoning fortresses, yamen and paying taxes, because it reflects the psychological acceptance and cultural identity of the mainstream ideology of the central government and the local obedience to the central government. The construction intention of memorial archway can be roughly divided into four categories: one is merit archway, which records merit for someone; The second is the chastity moral archway to commemorate the chastity heroine; The third category is the symbol of imperial examination achievements, mostly family archways, which are used to honor ancestors; The fourth category is the sign square, which is mostly located at the entrance of villages and towns and on the streets as the separation of spatial paragraphs.

Mr. Liu Dunzhen once said: People can see the beauty of wedge-shaped cornices, but forget the disadvantages of straight and dreary streets.

The archway is like a poem, singing the years.

There are many archways in Hunan in history. For example, according to historical records, there are more than 30 archways in Xupu County, Huaihua City. According to Jiaqing's Records of Chenzhou and Tongzhi's Records of Guidong County, there are 40 Ming and Qing memorial archways in Guidong County, Chenzhou City. Among them, Ming dynasty 18, Qing dynasty 22. However, due to various historical reasons, the number of existing archways in Hunan has been greatly reduced, and there are only more than 50 existing archways in Hunan Province.

Most of the existing archways in Hunan are stone archways with various types, rich shapes and exquisite carvings. There are also several wooden archways and brick archways.

1. Changsha kaifu temple Mountain Gate

2. Mountain Gate of Lushan Temple in Changsha

3. Gate of Taogong Temple in Changsha

4. The small archway at the entrance of Changsha Fire Palace

5. Chenzhou Rucheng Embroidery Shop

6. Baisui Square, Yangjiaoping, Xupu

7. Yuelu Academy Depei Tiandi Square

8. Yunlong archway in Ting Village, Ningyuan Road

9. Hanlin Temple in Dongantou, Ningyuan

10. Hanlin Temple, Jiuanbei Village, Ningyuan

1 1. Jiahe Fengxian memorial arch

12. Xiaoshi memorial archway in Ningyuan Festival

13. Lingxingmen of Ningyuan Confucian Temple

14. Changsha Liu's Festival Filial Piety House

15. Xinhua beidu festival filial piety memorial archway

16. Yongshun Buermen hot spring archway

17. "Taihe Yuan Qi" Square in Xiangyin Confucian Temple