How snipers estimate the distance of a target from them using reference and visual inspection

This is a Soviet-made SVD (Dragunov) sniper rifle.

SVD's, magnification 4 times, objective lens diameter of 24mm, there is a ranging curve, the height of 1.7m people, if exactly stuck in the number 2 and the distance between the horizontal line, the actual distance of 200 meters, stuck in the number "4" and the distance between the horizontal line, the actual distance of 400 meters, and so on. Note that you must be 1.7m tall, otherwise the error is large.

This time did not complete the targeting, read out the distance, rotate the knob above the lens barrel, corresponding to the relative readings, 3 is 300m, the maximum is 10, that is, 1,000m, which is the center of the scope "tip" on the target (of course, the discussion here ignores the wind bias). And the center of the tip of the tip of the next three, so the maximum aiming distance can reach 1300m.

Using the SVD/85-type sniper rifle PSO-1-type sights, the description is as follows: "1, open the scope, so that the target is located in the center of the scope. 2, at this time, you can see a section of the left side of the scope by the dotted line composed of a line, which is labeled "2. 4, 6, 8, 10," and "2. 4, 6, 8, 10", 4, 6, 8, 10", there is a horizontal line below. This is used to measure the distance between you and the target, a small grid of 100 meters, if you look out for the target's feet fall on the horizontal line, the head is located in the "4" on the dotted line, then the distance between you and the target is 400 meters. 3, in the center of the scope there are four upward small arrows, each indicating a distance of 250 meters in advance. If the target is measured at 300 meters using the method of 3, then at this point the bullet's point of impact is located between the first and second arrows, and the distance from the first arrow is one-fifth of the distance between the two arrows, and so on for the rest..."

In fact, such an aiming method is wrong!!!! I do not understand why now netizens are publicizing this wrong method. PSO-1 type scope, the first "∧" is actually "rapid aiming division", in the target within 1000 meters, can use the first division to aim, the premise is that the high and low handwheels on the top of the scope must be adjusted to the relative distance of the shooting. High and low handwheel from 1-10 each frame corresponds to the distance of 100 meters - 1000 meters, which is the meaning of the existence of the high and low handwheel, if you follow the use of the method in the figure, then there is no need to use this knob. Then what is the use of the extra "∧" below. In fact, the following "∧" is provided for shooting targets above 1000 meters, when our high/low knob corresponds to the scale of 10 (that is, 1000 meters), each "∧" below represents an increase of 100 meters, for example, if you want to shoot at a target at a distance of 1,100 meters, you only need to correspond the high/low wheel to the scale of 10, and aim at the target with the second frame of the "∧". (We will ignore the gravity of the earth here. (Here we ignore gravity), every 100 meters of aiming division will be moved down a frame, so the PSO-1 on SVD or 85 snipers theoretically has a maximum aiming range of 1300 meters.

However, the effective range of the SVD is only 600 meters, and while an experienced shooter can hit a target at a distance of 1000 meters and cause a kill shot, there is not a lot of shooting at such a distance. Because strictly speaking, the SVD is not a real sniper rifle, but only a rifle provided to the "squad precision shooter" (note: not a sniper) to use to extend the squad firepower rifle, so one day, when you have the opportunity to touch the gun, just remember to use the left arc-type dividing board to measure the shooting distance, adjust the high and low knobs, with the scope center of the first "∧" to aim and shoot. After adjusting the height knob, use the first "∧" in the center of the scope to aim and shoot.

In addition, I would like to condemn those who cite and cleverly modify the "military fan" friends, in teaching others the skills of their own to be a little argument. "3. In the center of the scope are four small upward facing arrows, each indicating a 250 meter advance." ---Do you know what the concept of "advance" is? If the "∧" dividing plate is used to measure the "advance", then is the horizontal division in the center of the scope for aesthetic purposes?