What are the main systems of CNC machine tools?

(1) traditional special numerical control system

The hardware of this CNC system is developed by the manufacturer of CNC system, which has strong specificity. After a long period of use, the quality and performance are stable and reliable, and it still occupies most of the manufacturing market. However, because it adopts a completely closed architecture, it often has the following shortcomings:

A. The user's application, maintenance and operator training completely depend on the manufacturer of the numerical control system, and the system maintenance cost is high;

B. The expansion and update of system functions completely depends on the technical level of the company, and the cycle is relatively long;

C. A large number of cheap general-purpose hardware and software on the market can't be used in special numerical control systems, and their functions are relatively simple.

Therefore, with the continuous development of open architecture CNC system, the market of this traditional dedicated CNC system is being challenged, and its market share has been gradually decreasing.

(2) Open CNC system with 2)PC embedded in CNC structure.

Such as Fanuc 16i/ 18i, Siemens 840d, Numio 60 and other numerical control systems. Compared with the traditional special CNC system, this kind of CNC system is open in structure and powerful in function, but the hardware and software structure of the system is very complicated and the price of the system is very expensive, which is beyond the reach of ordinary small and medium-sized CNC machine tool manufacturers.

(3) Open CNC system, in which NC is embedded in PC structure.

The hardware part of the numerical control system consists of an open motion control card and a PC. Motion control card usually uses high-speed DSP as CPU, which has strong motion control and PLC control ability. For example, Mazatorl 640CNC built by Japanese MAZAK Company with mitsubishi electric's MELDASMAGIC 64. This kind of numerical control system has good openness and is convenient for function perfection. The control function of the system is mainly realized by the motion control card. When the hardware of the machine tool changes, it is only necessary to modify the corresponding control software. The system has a high cost performance and can meet the needs of most CNC machine tool manufacturers.

(4) Full-software open CNC system

This is a new type of open CNC system. All CNC functions (including interpolation and position control) are realized by computer software. Compared with the previous CNC system, the full software open CNC system has the highest cost performance, so it has the most vitality. Its typical products include the open CNC of MDSI company in the United States, PA8000NT of German electric power automation company, NUM 1020 system of NUM company, etc.