Famous Examples of Overseas Travelers and Scientists Returning to China

Qian Xuesen went to the United States in August 1935 as a publicly funded student to study and research aeronautical engineering and aerodynamics. Before returning to China, he served as director of the Supersonic Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology and director of the Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center.

The first five-star red flag flew over Tiananmen Square on October 1, 1949, and five days later, the country's first national flag was hoisted over Tiananmen Square. The first five-star red flag flew over Tiananmen Square on October 1, 1949. Five days later was the Mid-Autumn Festival, a traditional festival of our nation. On this day, Mr. and Mrs. Qian Xuesen celebrated this festival with a dozen Chinese students, enjoying the moonlight and expressing their feelings, rejoicing over the new birth of the motherland, and full of hope for the bright future of the motherland. At this time, Qian Xuesen's heart developed a strong desire: to return to the motherland as soon as possible, and use his own expertise to serve the national construction.

Just then, the Korean land lit up the beacon of war. The U.S. imperialists, who provoked the war, are stirring up a political countercurrent of frenzy against **** in their country, and censorship and threatened censorship of the personnel of universities and other institutions are taking place almost every day. This countercurrent, without exception, has also reached the California Institute of Technology. As a result of the arrest of Weinbaum, the secretary of the college's Marxist-Leninist group, the suspicions of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) fell on Ch'ien Hsueh-sen. In July 1950, the U.S. government decided to disqualify Ch'ien Hsueh-sen from participating in classified research on the grounds that he was friends with Weinbaum, and accused Ch'ien Hsueh-sen of being a member of the U.S. ****anist Party and of being in the country illegally. These unfounded accusations were dismissed by Ch'ien. However, Ch'ien could no longer tolerate all this and decided to return to his home country immediately under the pretext of visiting his family and prepared not to return. He met with Kimble, the undersecretary of the U.S. Navy, who was in charge of his research, and made a solemn statement to Kimble that he was ready to go back to China immediately. Kimble was shocked. He thought: "Chien is worth five divisions wherever he is placed." And he yelled, "I'd rather shoot him than let him leave the United States!"

When Qian Xuesen walked out of his office, Kimble immediately notified the Immigration Bureau.

Unbeknownst to Chien, he made all the preparations to return to his home country, went through the formalities of returning to his home country, bought a plane ticket from Canada to Hong Kong, and handed his luggage over to a porter for shipment.

However, just two days before they were to leave Los Angeles, at midnight on August 23, 1950, they suddenly received a notice from the Immigration Department that the family would not be allowed to leave the United States. At the same time, U.S. Customs detained all of Qian's luggage.

Chancellor was forced to return to the California Institute of Technology, where the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) kept a watchful eye on his family and his every move. Far from that, on Sept. 6, Ch'ien was suddenly and illegally detained by the FBI and sent to an INS detention center.

At the detention center, Ch'ien was tortured like a criminal. Within 15 days of his detention, he lost 30 pounds," he recalled. At night the secret agents came to wake me up every hour, and there was no rest at all, and I was in a state of extreme mental tension."

After his detention, students and faculty at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), as well as Chancellor's teacher, Von Kamen, and a number of friendly Americans, protested vigorously to the INS, sought a defense attorney, and raised $15,000 for Chancellor's release on bail.

Since then, Ch'ien continued to be persecuted by the INS, his movements were restricted by the INS and monitored by FBI agents, who forbade him to leave Los Angeles, where he lived, and questioned him regularly. Chien lost his freedom for five years.

However, Qian's love for his motherland became even more passionate. Thinking of the new China day and night, he kept up the struggle and kept asking the immigration authorities to leave the United States and return to China.

Qian Xuesen, who could not return to his home country, did not stop studying the science he loved and devoted himself to during those five years. At that time, the U.S. government prevented him from leaving the U.S. because his research on rocket technology and the motherland's national defense construction related to the new Chinese scientific and technological development by detaining him to block. When Qian Xuesen realized this, he was furious. So, he chose a new specialty of "engineering cybernetics" for his research, in order to remove the obstacles to his return to China. After hard work, in 1954, he wrote more than 300,000 words of "Engineering Cybernetics" in English. In fact, engineering cybernetics is closely related to the automation of production, the development and use of electronic computers, and national defense, but the U.S. authorities at the time did not recognize this is.

Qian Xuesen's struggle to return to the motherland, but also the motherland's care and support. April 26, 1954, during the Indochina International Conference, the Chinese delegation secretary-general Wang Bingnan and the U.S. delegation in charge of the Asia-Johnson, on behalf of the two governments began to contact the issue of the return of civilians. During the contacts, Wang Bingnan pointed out in particular that the United States was blocking the return to China of many Chinese living in the United States, including the scientist Qian Xuesen.

One day in June 1955, Qian Xuesen escaped from the surveillance of the secret service and sent a letter to his relatives in Belgium with a letter written on cigarette paper to Mr. Chen Shutong, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, requesting the motherland's help to return to China as soon as possible. Mr. Chen Shutong received the letter on the same day, and sent it to Premier Zhou Enlai. On August 1, 1955, during the ambassadorial talks between China and the United States in Geneva, Switzerland, Ambassador Wang Bingnan, on the instruction of Premier Zhou, negotiated with the U.S. side on the basis of Qian's request to return to his country and forced the U.S. government to allow Qian to leave the U.S. for his return to his home country.

September 17, 1955, Qian Xuesen and his wife and two young children finally took the United States "Cleveland President" mailboat, left Los Angeles, sailing to the motherland located in the East. 1, Deng Jiaxian Deng Jiaxian mainly engaged in nuclear physics, theoretical physics, neutron physics, plasma physics, statistical physics and fluid mechanics and other research. Deng is mainly engaged in nuclear physics, theoretical physics, neutron physics, plasma physics, statistical physics and fluid mechanics and other aspects of research and outstanding achievements. Since 1958, he has been organizing and leading the basic theoretical research on blast physics, hydrodynamics, equation of state, neutron transport, etc. He has conducted a large number of simulations and analyses on the physical process of the atomic bomb, thus taking the first step of China's independent research and design of nuclear weapons, and has led the completion of China's theoretical program for the first atomic bomb, and has participated in directing the simulation of the blast before the nuclear test. Immediately after the success of the atomic bomb test, Deng organized efforts to explore the design principles of the hydrogen bomb, selected technical approaches, and organized, led and personally participated in the development and testing of China's first hydrogen bomb in 1967. 1979, Deng became the director of the Nuclear Weapons Research Institute, and in 1984, he commanded the successful test of China's second-generation nuclear weapons in the depths of the desert. He was later recognized as the "Two Bombs and One Star".