Boundary and Boundary Seal Cutting Lecture Hall 32

Boundaries and bounding boxes, we collectively call them edge boxes. Border is an organic part of seal and one of the important contents of composition, which will directly affect the artistic effect of works.

Evolution of edge lattice

The border of the ancient seal is relatively simple. Zhu has two kinds of wide edges and narrow edges, and the wide edges are generally printed with fine strokes; Narrow edge, the edge is generally slightly equal to the thickness of printed strokes. During the Warring States period, there were many white characters, red and white borders, and a few squares. Most of Qin and India have Tian Zige and Japanese characters. In Chinese and white text printing, red background is often used instead of border grid, and the text is clear and interrelated. In ancient seals, there are also prints decorated with patterns and birds and animals. Although there are many kinds of edges in ancient seals, most of them are separated from seals and are not mixed with each other.

Later, Wu Changshuo and Zhao, seal engravers in Qing Dynasty, were inspired by the broken ancient seal engraving, and gradually made a breakthrough in border management. There are great differences in thickness, weight, virtual reality and edge disconnection. The seal is connected with the edge, or the brush stroke is the edge, or the foil is unpredictable. At first glance, it seems irregular, but after careful analysis, there are certain rules to follow.

This change makes the border like people's clothes and shoes. At first, clothes and shoes paid more attention to functionality, and they were generally consistent and similar. Slowly, there are various colors, styles and even fashions. Then clothes and shoes are not only tools to keep warm, but also a way to show personal identity, personality, likes and dislikes, style and so on.

Through the seal below, we know the common forms of lower case letters.

The boundary between Zhu and Yu is very wide.

The boundary between Zhu and Yu is very wide.

Fine frame vermilion

Fine frame vermilion

Tian Zi Jie Ge Jia Jing is based in Wen Yin.

Fine border white text printing

Fine border thick white printing

Tian zi Jie ge Jing bian Bai Wen printing

Jiugongge Fine Border White Printing

The function of prism

First, enhance cohesion and encourage motivation. India's edges, such as courtyard walls and dams, have great cohesion.

For example, when printing "Going to the field for medical treatment", the printed characters have different sizes, different inclinations, staggered strokes, uneven layout and large gaps. But with Bai Zhu, dense, strong contrast between reality and reality, harmonious beauty. If you remove the border, it will look loose and abrupt.

Another example is the "chu garden" seal carved by Wu Changshuo, a seal engraver in the Qing Dynasty. The four sides are different, but the bottom border is heavier, giving people a sense of stability. The side column of this seal has the rhyme of seal mud, which is a great contribution of Wu Changshuo and others to seal cutting.

On the other hand, Wu Changshuo's "Taishan Residual Stone Building" grid is used in a special way, which is also a grid method often used in Wu Changshuo, which is different from the traditional grid and frame connection. Moreover, the method of "combining texts" is adopted, that is, the word "Taishan" shares a grid, which is balanced and serene. If you look closely, you can see that the writing of the word "Tai" is more pictographic and highlights the momentum of people climbing Mount Tai. The border above the word "Tai" has been incomplete, which also highlights the artistic conception of Mount Tai soaring into the sky. And the edge treatment of the word "Lou" is also full of eyes.

Second, adjust the relationship between density, truth, contrast and echo.

This is the seal of Wu Changshuo, a seal engraver in Qing Dynasty. The strokes of the word "Wu" are relatively thin, the ancient Chinese characters are left blank up and down, and the left and right drooping strokes are combined with the edges, which is particularly thick. The word "Wu" is dense, the strokes are thin and trapezoidal, and it is elongated by the pen hanging on the right. The whole printed matter is dense, and the contrast between reality and reality is strong. Dense but not stuffed, empty but not spacious, and the bottom edge is extremely thick, which further enhances the sense of stability.

Third, strengthen change and avoid rigidity.

For example, Wu Changshuo's "Zi" seal has changed greatly in all directions, and its relationship with seal is different. The upper border is intermittent, while the lower border is thick and wider on the right, but it is separated from the seal. The left side directly replaces the seal box with words and strokes. Although it is one-word printing, the whole printing is changeable, lively and stable.

Fourthly, it is convenient for the arrangement of multi-character printing. Due to the complexity and size of printing structure, it is difficult to arrange multi-character seals. If it is divided into several small cells, each cell is like a small seal, which has its own density, realism and contrast, and the layout is easy and appropriate. Throughout India, it is connected from top to bottom, caring for the left and right, and lively.

On Wu Changshuo's side, the words "gardener was born in plum cave and grew up in bamboo cave" are printed, and the words "born in" occupy a box in the form of "combined text". Because of the frame, the whole seal looks more neat, but the use of different rules in each frame makes the whole seal layout appropriate, and all kinds of blank spaces echo each other. The word "long" breaks through the frame, which means growing up.

This seal is "Hefei Gong Collects Ancient Stone Carvings, Inscriptions, Pictures, Calligraphy and Paintings". The boundary of five lines and six columns makes the whole seal look safe, but in the seal of each cell, many rules are used between cells. For example, the word "Shu" uses the method of reducing strokes, the extension of the word "Shi" is left blank, the echo of blank everywhere, and the echo of stroke flexion and extension, which can be described as a small encyclopedia example of composition. Imagine if there is no boundary, it seems difficult to have this artistic effect.

Because the border grid is like a shoe, the design of the border grid should be considered in a unified way with the distribution of seals. Because the border is an organic part of the seal, the change of the border and the handling of the seal should obey the needs of the composition and the pursuit of artistic conception, and skillfully use the structural characteristics and brushwork of the seal. Therefore, only by considering the arrangement of seals and the treatment of boundary grids can we achieve good results. If we ignore all kinds of conditions, we can connect, borrow, break, or even self-defeating, and destroy the artistry of all India.