Are the flute and the flute a kind of flute?

Transverse flute is the most common folk flute and bamboo flute, which is a kind of bamboo tube with 6 holes and 10 holes. Press the hole with your finger to control the melody. Originally brought by Zhang Qian from the Western Regions, it has basically become the national musical instrument of China people. Her birthplace degenerated and disappeared.

Flute is a typical western musical instrument, orchestral instrument. It is made of copper and has buttons on it to control the sound hole and melody.

I looked it up on the internet, and the flute is graded, but it is not.

Flute is the main treble melody instrument in modern orchestral music and chamber music. Its shape is a long cylindrical tube with several sound holes on it. Early flutes were made of ebony or coconut. Nowadays, metal materials are mostly used, such as ordinary nickel-silver alloy to professional silver alloy, 9K and 14K gold, etc. Some performers also use special glass flutes. The timbre of traditional wooden flute is round, moist and delicate, while the timbre of metal flute is bright and broad. Choose flutes of different materials according to the preferences of the players. However, it is necessary to use a flute uniformly in the band to get the most harmonious and full sound effect.

A flute is also called a flute. According to legend, when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions, he entered Chang 'an. After the Song Dynasty, it became an important accompaniment instrument of China traditional opera. In the Tang dynasty, it was called transverse blowing, and there was no flute membrane. In the Tang Dynasty, only the flute was covered with film. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the film was moved to the flute, but the flute was no longer covered with film. Now only Korean flutes are covered with plastic film.

Although there are membrane holes on the flute, in the past, the membrane holes were not very elegant. Just dig a round hole between the blow hole and the sixth hole and paste the flute membrane (bamboo membrane first). The first thing to pay attention to is the Shanghai Datong concert. 1932 10 Datong assistant Zheng Jinwen changed the circular membrane hole of the old flute into an ellipse to increase the folds of the flute membrane and make the tone more rounded and easier to control.

The timbre of the flute depends not only on whether the shape and position of the blowing hole are dug properly, but also on the thickness of the pipe wall. The age and tenderness of the flute membrane and the size of the membrane hole have great influence on the timbre. Generally speaking, the membrane hole is large, the pronunciation is thick (especially bass), the membrane hole is small, and the pronunciation is sharp. Therefore, the membrane hole is one of the key problems affecting the timbre of the flute.

The range of bamboo flute is limited to three groups, and now it can only play two and a half groups. The widening of the range of the flute is an all-round thing, including the shape and size of the blowing hole, the appropriate position and fingering combination of each sound hole, the wind intensity of the mouth shape and the appropriate position of the membrane hole. Generally speaking, the size of the membrane hole is moderate, and the range is wide when it is slightly close to one end of the blowing hole, otherwise the range is narrow.

The influence of the size of the membrane hole and the tightness of the flute membrane on the pitch: Generally speaking, everyone likes to use the tender flute membrane because it is tender, crisp and bright, and it is also labor-saving to play. This leads to a problem. The larger the membrane hole, the looser the flute membrane and the lower the absolute pitch of the flute. Therefore, the flute membrane can be slightly loosened in summer, because the temperature is high and the flute sound is high in summer, and the sound can be reduced by loosening the flute membrane; On the contrary, in winter, the flute membrane should be attached more tightly to make the flute sound higher.

The traditional flute is made of bamboo and has six pressing holes, ten holes, one blowing hole and one membrane hole. When playing, it is pronounced by the vibration of the air column in the bamboo tube. There are two octaves in the ordinary range. There are three kinds of bamboo flutes: C flute, D flute, E flute, F flute, G flute (also called Bang flute), A flute and B flute, and the timbre varies from low to high.

The flute is crisp, high-pitched, transparent and mellow, and solo and ensemble have their own characteristics and rich expressive force, so it is deeply loved by people. There are two main types of flutes, which are the main accompaniment instruments of Kunqu Opera and Bangzi, so they are customarily called "Qu Di" and "Bangdi".

To play the flute well, you must closely cooperate with Qi (force), Finger (method) and Tongue (head), and all three are indispensable.

(a) breath control flute pronunciation, sound level, strength, length, rigidity and softness are closely related to the "luck" when playing. This kind of luck kung fu is called "Qigong", which means that if you want to play the flute well, you must work hard on "luck".

In our daily life, we exhale and inhale for roughly the same time. When playing the flute, you need to take a deep breath, that is, use the diaphragm (located between the lungs and abdomen) to exert force, that is, chest-abdomen combined breathing. It is best to use your mouth and nose when breathing. Give priority to with the mouth, that is, let go of the corners of the mouth and inhale slightly, so that inhalation is faster. When exhaling, you should use the control ability of chest muscle, abdominal muscle and diaphragm to make the breath spit out evenly and rhythmically. Beginners should consciously pay attention to the breathing method from the beginning, and don't violate the movement law of normal breathing, otherwise it will affect the performance and be detrimental to their health. It is not bad for a novice to spit 10- 15 seconds in one breath.

Luck is very important to players. It is the basis of beautifying timbre, controlling timbre strength and various emotional changes. In order to master the correct method of "luck", you can do the following two exercises in combination with playing long notes:

Breathe slowly, breathe slowly-take a deep breath and blow a long sound. When inhaling, it is required to inhale enough without making any noise, and when exhaling, it is required to be uniform and stable for a long time without effort. So don't finish breathing when you exhale (about one fifth is left, and the diaphragm of the lower abdomen is still under control). That is, the second breath needs to be inhaled. Make sure that the movements of the chest and diaphragm abdomen are always consistent, otherwise the air flow into the mouthpiece will not be smooth, and it is easy to cause air leakage, screaming and unpleasant timbre at the corners of the mouth.

How to play the flute well is very important to the player. It is the basis of beautifying timbre, controlling timbre strength and various emotional changes. & gt& gt

Breathing luck should pay attention to avoid shrugging, belly in, chest out and other mistakes, but also pay attention to the control of weak voice.

Some mistakes to avoid when breathing luck;

1 shrug. When inhaling, lift your shoulders up, so your breathing is shallow and you can only inhale into your chest. Inhale like this and tighten your chest. When playing, the lack of strong support of breath not only makes the tone tense, but also makes the long sound unsustainable.

2 abdomen. When inhaling, the lower abdomen will be mistakenly forced to contract inward. In this way, the breath can only be sucked into the upper chest, causing the pectoral muscles to press the ribs tightly, making the breathing inelastic.

3 stand up. When inhaling, the abdomen bulges out and the abdominal ribs are pulled down. Because the breath is inhaled too deeply, the muscles in the chest and abdomen are tense, which makes the breathing inelastic.

Therefore, to play the flute well, we must master the correct breathing method and luck.

Mute control:

In music, apart from the difference of height, there is also the difference of strength, and the strength of sound has a certain effect on the expression of music's thoughts and feelings.

When playing the flute, the small hole between the upper and lower lips is called the "air door", and the breath from the "air door" is called the "breeze". The "throttle" can be large or small, and the "adjustment" can be slow or urgent. The "throttle" is big, the "tune" is slow, and the pronunciation is low; The throttle is small. The "tune" is urgent and the pronunciation is high. The gas squeezed out of the lungs is controlled by our mouths and lips, so that it can be used in a planned way without wasting gas. At this time, it is necessary to use the freedom of lips and cheeks when controlling the size of the throttle and the urgency of the tone. This freedom is the so-called "mouth force." The intensity of sound is related to the amount of air controlled by the transverse burping membrane and sent into the instrument through the "damper".

Generally speaking, the gas consumption of strong ammunition is greater than that of weak ammunition; When you meet someone with a strong memory, climb insurance? Bored? Hang Shang > sauce? What's the matter with you? Bored? Kengsha's name is K, and her mother is knocking at the door and coughing. Hey, am I miserable? Ruixinbang Xi? What is the difference? Do you want to protect me? Call the dog to send sulfur? Does the stork kill aphids γ? Wild and ambitious? Yi Ben's document is moldy? と me? Hey, hey?

Breathe fast and breathe slowly-this is the most commonly used breathing method when playing bamboo flute. The shorter the inhalation time, the better, because the time allowed for inhalation during music is very short.

Whether the fingering is correct and the fingers are flexible is the key to master the flute playing technology.

The fingering techniques of the flute are quite rich, including monophonic, polyphonic, upper sliding, upper calendar, lower calendar, vibrato, playing and sending, etc. These are all related to mastering skilled finger skills.