Europe17-1How far was the range of the matchrope at the beginning of the 9th century? Which is more powerful than bow and arrow?

At the beginning of the century, the muzzle musket of 17- 19 has an effective range of only 50-60 meters, and because the lead bullet is too floating and light, it is easy to be blown by the wind (accident) after it is discharged, so even if it is within 50 meters, it may not be absolutely hit. Therefore, it is necessary to launch volley with array and make up for the accuracy with firepower intensity.

/kloc-in the late 8th century, new inventions such as rifles and rifling were gradually applied, thus increasing the effective range to about100-120m. Based on this weapon, new tactics such as small-scale fighting and sniper fighting were developed and used by Americans, which became a major military reason for the victory of the American War of Independence. After the French Revolution, the French militia who claimed to be free men refused to carry out the old-fashioned line-by-line shooting tactics under the supervision of officers, so the American guerrilla warfare tactics were carried forward by the French, and with the Napoleonic Wars spread throughout Europe, the old-fashioned line-by-line shooting methods were completely eliminated.

As for why a musketeer with a range of 50 meters can replace a bow with a range of 150-200 meters, you will understand by looking at the cost: it only takes about 20 days to train a musketeer, but it takes at least 2-3 years to train a qualified archer, and the training time of a famous army like Welsh longbowmen in England is longer. On the basis of this cost, due to a series of factors, such as the rise of the middle class in European society since16th century, the militia replacing mercenaries as the main force of the army, and the decline of the aristocratic class, it is reasonable for muskets to replace bows and arrows, not to mention the psychological pressure of muskets on the enemy is far greater than bows and arrows.