Sumo wrestling is by which country spread to Japan

Sumo origin said - Chi, the ancient sumo wrestler

Late Tang Dynasty, Changan's six military guards are often bought military status of the city's nomads, all day long nothing to do, some of the money, eat and drink and then do some business; fit, play some games such as angle against the whole day.

Sumo was first called "corner", began in ancient Jizhou "Chi play". "Chi play" popular in China's ancient northern rural areas, with a commemorative and the Yellow Emperor by deer in the Central Plains of the significance of Chi. At the beginning of the Jin Dynasty, the angle of another name "sumo". The Taiping Yuban" cited "Jin Book" recorded that: "Xiangcheng Taishou blame Gongcao Liu ZiDu day: 'Qing County people are not as good as the Yingchuan sumo. Atsushi said: 'The skill of sumo wrestling is not enough to distinguish between the two countries.'"

Ancient Sumo Wrestling in Japan

Currently, some of the jakusho recorded in Tang Dynasty documents belong to the scope of acrobatic artists' performances, and some others, from the court, down to the folk customs. Tang Dynasty emperors, in addition to watching the Divine Strategist Army's corner of the performance, but also in the palace organized a "sumo peng", enlisting good wrestling "corner of the disciples", when the competition. Tang Xi Zong time there is a famous wrestler called Meng Wan win, will Cuju, will also step playing ball, will also take the slingshot to hit the bird, of course, the best is the corner, because of this at the age of fourteen or fifteen years old should be imperial decree to enter the palace of sumo wrestling pals, agile, adult long undefeated for many years, and therefore there is a "10,000 win" this name. Inside the army, there were naturally many good wrestlers, and since the Divine Counselor Army was the emperor's forbidden army, it often had the opportunity to contact the emperor, and people always hoped to rely on this skill to gain appreciation, so the trend of wrestling was even more prosperous. In addition to the Divine Counselor Army, the local military towns often recommended soldiers who were good at jiaobing, and since jiaobing could indeed strengthen the body, it became one of the most common recreational activities among the military. In the late Tang Dynasty, the six guards in Chang'an were often urban vagabonds who had bought their military registrations. With nothing to do all day, those who had some money ate, drank and did some business; those who were fit and healthy played games like jousting all day long. This is the extreme case.

And in the folk, the corner of the more popular, regardless of the north and south, are to gather in the festivals when the corner of the competition. People in the south of the people, like to wrestle in the street, the Sichuan people are to the shrine in front of the flat ground to compete, families are out to watch, dense as if the wall, until the winner is decided, the shrine out of a prize to the winner, the people and then embraced him on the horse to go, sent away before they go. This is a lively event that lasts from January to May, as long as a league game. As the corner of the activities into the traditional festival customs, when some people in foreign countries, at the time of the festival, forgetting the customs of their hometowns, play sumo to solve the feeling of homesickness, such as the "Youyang Miscellany Chopper" records: "Jingzhou people Hao Weizang, sex rude, courageous in private fights. Wu Zong Huichang two years cold food day, with his disciples traveling in the countryside, cuju, jousting." Tang Dynasty folk good wrestling fashion in the art of painting in the heirloom is also reflected from time to time. Dunhuang Cave, hidden in the Tang Dynasty Hata painting sumo picture. The characters in the painting are naked and bare-legged, a realistic image, a true reflection of the popularity of this activity.

In terms of clothing, the Tang Dynasty sumo wrestlers wear under the far narrower than the previous generation, it is difficult to use "shorts" to refer to, should be said to be more similar to today's Japanese sumo wrestlers wear "pants" (FUNDOSHI). This is truly depicted in the sumo pictures on the Tang Dynasty Hata paintings in the Zangjing Cave of the Mogao Grottoes. In the Tang Dynasty, the status of sumo wrestling was quite high. Before the emperor offered sacrifices to heaven and earth, he usually looked at sumo wrestling first. "Wenzong will have something to do in the southern suburbs, before the sacrifice, the Division into the sumo wrestler. On the said: Fang Qingzhai, will not be able to watch this matter? Left and right said: the old rules, has been waiting outside." Later, sumo to the Japanese learned to go, the Japanese emperor also set up a "sumo division" management sumo, every year in July to watch sumo activities.

And in the body, although not as exaggerated as today's Japanese, but the sumo wrestlers are still all fat, if the amateur sumo wrestler Fang Gun Gun to participate in the Tang Dynasty sumo, must be able to win the applause. At that time there was a book called "Jousting Records", which recorded the famous jousting masters from all over the world, and interestingly enough most of them were southerners, not in Zhejiang but in Yangzhou, so that means that at that time, the southern race may not have any disadvantage in this regard.

Sumo terminology

Mingho

Rex upgraded to ten ryo can be carried in a small bamboo box loaded with side clothing.

The size of the Myeongho is 80cm in length, 45cm in depth, and 30cm in height

Rikishi Ranking Chart

A chart that shows the rank of the Rikishi and the rank of the Judge.

Rikyu paper

After a rikishi wipes his body with water. The paper used to wipe the sides of the mouth.

Rikisui

Rikisui was stored in buckets under the red room in the east and the white room in the west. After the summoned rikishi of the east and west teams perform a salute on the dobe (sumo wrestling ring) and do the preparatory gymnastics, the rikishi who won the front court is allowed to dip the water on his body with a spoon carved with a pattern in order to purify his body.

Entrance Ceremony

Three rituals of praying to the gods performed by Yokozuna, Makuuchi, and Joryo during official matches.

Doumotsu Matsuri

The jinki ritual performed on the dofu on the day before an official match. In the middle of the line separating the center of the earthen table, the fruits of Cephalopods, washed rice, chestnuts, kelp, dried squid, salt, etc. are buried. Prayers are made for the success of the 15-day race and for the safety of the rikishi.

The same body

Tangled together on the earth meter ring, due to the simultaneous fall, produces a bad state of deciding the winner.

House

The four corners of the roof of the earth table are decorated with four colored ornamental spikes to represent the four seasons and the four gods that guard the earth table.

Army Fitting

The regimental fan used by referees to adjudicate.

Faqi Yang Yang

The referee's call when cheering for the rikishi.

Hanamichi

The special passageway that a rikishi passes through from his lounge before a match, walking from the east and west to the dobame (sumo wrestling ring).

Itabanfu

Itabanfu is a sign that tells the name of the rikishi who will be appearing in the match. Before the match, the referee writes down the names of the wrestlers in sumo characters. On the top of the itpanpaku, the character for "uchi" is written, indicating the wish for a full house.

Watchman

The tatsumaki is used by the referee from the start of the ceremony to informing the referee of the match.

Yan touching the words on

After the Makuuchi Rikishi and Yokozuna have performed their entrance ceremonies, the referee announces the ceremony of the next day's Makuuchi tournament to the spectators on the earth table.

Venus

The winning star (prize money) that the Heike Maku Rex receives when he pushes down the Yokozuna.

Cleansing Salt

Spreading salt means to drive away evil spirits from the earth's surface.

Stock Cut

This is a practice position in which both feet are fully open and the upper body is close to the ground. Soft legs and waist can cope with all the movements and also prevent intense sumo matches.

Water Entry

During a long, evenly matched bout, when it becomes clear that the rikishi are getting tired, the bout is stopped. In the meantime, the rikishi make a few adjustments, or retighten their bibs, and then resume the match.

Objective

The trial judge objected to the referee's decision.

(Moon Woman)

Long flags planted around the perimeter of the venue. The flag has the names of Rikishi, Banya, and the referee written on it.

Shiku

Basic movement to exercise the legs and waist. The right and left feet are separated and raised alternately, not by the knees, and the toes begin to tread on the ground.

Squatting

The basic position of sumo wrestling. In a squatting position, stand on tiptoes and keep the upper body perpendicular to the ground.

Wiping the Feet

The basic maneuver during a match. Walking without taking the soles of the feet off the ground.

Standing Meeting

The moment the match begins, the two rikishi exhale and then inhale an eighth of their breath before standing.

Tables

In a tokubetsu (sumo wrestling ring), there are 16 victory and defeat tables (inner tables) in the shape of a circle, 4 dekubetsu tables in the east, west, south, north and south, 10 steps to ascend to the tokubetsu tables (foot tables), 4 slightly smaller bucket tables, and **** there are six types of tables all counting 66 tables.

Hand Knife

In the order of left, right and center of the prize competition winning Rex, make a knife-like downward skimming gesture with the hand to show gratitude, and take away the placed on the fan of the group.

Yagura

The place of knocking with a height of 16 meters. From the drum-knocking platform, 2 bamboo poles stick out with hemp cloth and amulets. It is a symbol of peace in the world and abundance of grains, and a prayer for a smooth competition.

Sumo wrestling, the national sport of Japan

The history of sumo wrestling in Japan can be traced back to the age of ancient mythology. In the myth of "Jean Koki" in the "Kojiki" (Records of Ancient Events), there is an account of "a contest of strength". At the riverside of Inazo (Inazo, Osha-cho) in Izumo (Shimane Prefecture), the gods Kengo Thunder and Kengo Namekata grabbed each other's hands and wrestled, and finally solved the problem by means of sumo wrestling. In the Nihonshoki, there is an account of a sumo match between Nozomi Surya and Dangma Kusho in front of the Emperor, in which Nozomi Surya defeated Dangma Kusho. These are considered to be the origins of sumo, but they are all myths and legends. According to the Nihonshoki, in 642 A.D., the court guards performed sumo wrestling to entertain an envoy from Baekje. This is the first documented record of sumo wrestling. In addition, there are clay figures of sumo wrestlers in artifacts unearthed in Wakayama Prefecture, estimated to be from the early 6th century, so it is conceivable that sumo wrestling was already practiced at that time.

The spoken word "sumo" originated in the Yamato language of ancient Japan. When Chinese characters were introduced to Japan from China, kanji characters such as "sumo," "kakure," and "kakudo" were used to express a contest of strength. The term "kakudo" was used until the middle of the Meiji period, and the term "kakuryu" was used until the end of the Taisho period. Since then, the term "sumo" has been standardized, but the term "kakugai" is still used today as a common name for the sumo community.

Sumo wrestling was also closely connected with the cultural rituals of farming, and around 724-749, sumo wrestling was performed to the gods as a farming ritual to pray for a good harvest and good weather. Later, it evolved into the Sumo Festival, an independent event held in the Imperial Palace to predict and divine the year on a national scale. The foundation of the present sumo wrestling was established at that stage. It was during this period that the general public became interested in sumo and it was during this period that sumo became a Japanese tradition.

After 1176, the political era of the samurai began. Sumo wrestling was promoted as a martial art for samurai to train their bodies and minds. After the Shogunate moved to Edo after the war, sumo became popular. Sumo wrestling, which was once used to raise funds for the construction of shrines and Buddhist pagodas, was transformed into a recreational activity that had nothing to do with donations to temples and shrines, and became widely popular among the general public. During the Meiji period, as civilization became more advanced, the government abolished the practice of sumo wrestling. However, an exception was made in the sumo world, where hair knots were allowed. During the Taisho period, the unresolved issue of the merger of the Tokyo and Osaka Sumo Associations was resolved, and in July 1926, the two Sumo Associations were dissolved, and the "Dai Nippon Sumo Association" was established (the word "Dai" was dropped in 1957). (In 1957, the word "Dai" was removed and the name was changed to "Nippon Sumo Association"), and it has gone through many changes since then until the present time.

Referee's Clothing

The referee wears traditional referee's clothing such as the clothes prescribed by the referee and a black hat. The type of fan, the color of the belt, and the type of shoes used for conducting the game vary according to the level of the game.

Oginko

One of the traditional beauties of sumo wrestling is the "oginko," or "big ginko," a knot in the hair of the rikishi, which is worn by rikishi who are at least 10 dos and are eligible to wear it. The name comes from the fact that the front part of the hair in the knot is shaped like a ginkgo leaf. The large ginkgo embodies traditional beauty and prevents head injuries.

The white thick rope that Yokozuna wore around his waist when he climbed to the surface of the earth was made of soft hemp and kapok and braided with copper wire. It is about 4-5 meters long and weighs about 8 kilograms. The ceremony of weaving the rope is called "kumihimo," and it is done together by the Rikishi of the same place of practice. There are two ways to weave the rope: the "Unryu-type," which has only one loop, and the "Shimukappu-type," which has two loops.

Kimono

After practice and on tour, the yukata is put on without taking off the cloth, and is called "dirty clothes" because it does not care about the sweat and mud that covers the body.

Kimonos for callers

Callers wear kimono pants with the name of the sponsoring company printed on the hem and thick socks on their feet.

The caller holds a white silk fan in her hand as she calls.

Doumote (Sumo wrestling ring)

Doumote is a square measuring 4.55 meters straight and 0.54 meters high. In the dobang (sumo wrestling ring), there are 16 victory and defeat tables (inner tables) in a circular shape, 4 deok-gata in the east, west, south, north and south, 28 kok-gata around the periphery, 4 jodo-gata (outer tables) at the corners, 10 steps to the dobang (footstools), and 4 bucket tables that are a little smaller, and there are six types of tables that make up a total of 66 tables. The construction of the earth table (sumo wrestling ring) is the job of the caller, and is built by the whole crew out together.