How do children learn Chinese painting

Many training courses and schools have set up Chinese painting courses, but there are great problems in the teaching of Chinese painting. Due to the influence of history and culture and the long-term effect of traditional teaching mode, children's Chinese painting teaching still focuses on copying a template painting or teachers drawing a picture for students to practice. After a class, the whole class finished the same painting, and both teachers and students' parents took whether the work was similar to the teacher's template painting as the standard. Copies are all things created or selected by teachers. Needless to say, it is an adult and modular content. If you are forced to cross decades of age boundaries and adapt to the world in the eyes of adults, how can children accept it? There are only two outcomes. The good result is that a few children who are obsessed with art learn to "go in" and become "little adults", so that they can prematurely and artificially enter a puzzling professional art circle and become victims of art education; The bad result is that most children think that art is too difficult to learn, so they simply isolate themselves from art. Their innate love for beauty, their inherent artistic expression potential and the possibility of all-round development led by it have all been stifled. Therefore, it is urgent to change the existing traditional teaching mode. Especially in the teaching of Chinese painting, deeply influenced by traditional culture, in my teaching of Chinese painting, I abandoned the traditional methods and tried to explore new teaching methods.

First, broaden the teaching content and promote divergent thinking.

For example, in the panda lesson, first, let students watch pictures of pandas or tell some stories about pandas. After students understand the structure of pandas, discuss how to use ink. Then let the students analyze the life habits of pandas, or talk about cartoons related to pandas. Finally, practice their own image and surrounding environment in the process to complete a work, so that the students can freely play and create.

Second, change the form to improve students' interest.

In traditional teaching, teachers mainly teach techniques and attach importance to the composition of pictures. Every student copies in the existing picture frame, and the student can only become a painter in the end. There is less contact between classmates, and there is a lack of opportunities for comparison and progress. In my classroom teaching, such as "Monkey", I let students watch pictures of monkeys in real life, analyze the structural characteristics of monkeys and then put forward corresponding requirements for using ink. Through the demonstration, let the students understand the painting method of monkeys, and then let the students analyze how to complete an interesting work. Through practice, the whole class is finally required to complete a painting on a long scroll. At this time, students' autonomy is brought into play and the spirit of mutual assistance among students is cultivated. Students can learn from each other by drawing together. With the improvement of painting level, students' interest in painting is getting higher and higher.

Third, cultivate innovative consciousness through multiple channels.

Tao Xingzhi, an educator, put forward: "Everyone in the world is a creative person, and it is always a time for creation, and there are places for creation everywhere." Kang Deyan: "Man is a creature that creates culture and has amazing ability-imagination." To cultivate innovative consciousness, we need to meet the following conditions first: ① Create a relaxed teaching atmosphere, so that students can fully carry out creative cognitive activities and have the requirement of being willing to create. ② Democratic, intimate, equal and harmonious teacher-student relationship is the premise of creative teaching and cultivating children's creativity. ③ In the content arrangement of creative teaching, there should be accurate guiding theories conducive to association and sufficient activities conducive to creative thinking.

1, I arrange it in class, for example, students or teachers and students discuss how to finish a painting, such as the lesson rooster. After the rooster screening, the background treatment allows students to express their opinions and discuss, and the teacher respects the students' choices, so that students can create colorful works.

2. Use various methods of expression in Chinese painting, such as: ① rubbing paper. Before painting, knead the paper into a ball, then unfold it gently to make the crumpled paper smooth before painting. Some people can also use crumpling to draw pictures with texture effects, such as drawing tree trunks. (2) Boning method, color filling method, spot dyeing method, smudge dyeing method, flat coating method, friction method, spraying method, friction method, addition method, etc. Let students use various expressions to describe what is in their hearts, so as to gain a sense of success and improve their creative enthusiasm.

Fourth, there are many forms of content, and students are enthusiastic.

The teaching content of traditional Chinese painting is nothing more than traditional landscapes, figures, flowers and birds. The selection of Chinese painting teaching content in primary schools should conform to children's psychological characteristics and be close to their lives. Such as depicting "my parents", "windows" and "campus", which they are very familiar with, so painting is very energetic, which also cultivates students' creative thinking. At the same time, students often consider how to use pen, ink and color when painting, which is very beneficial to improve students' comprehensive painting ability.

Fifth, the update of tools and materials makes students feel fresh.

Influenced by Chinese painting, the materials for students to paint Chinese painting are brush, ink and Chinese painting pigments. In my teaching, I allow students to paint with gouache pigments, either gouache or oil pastels. In this way, students are diverse in the application of materials, and they are also willing to use other materials to paint, and the effect is also ideal and their interest is high.

Lei Wen Felt, an art educator, said, "As long as children are given enough time, help and access to creative materials and are not forced to accept adult models and norms, then every child can become an expert in artistic creation". I do it in the form of teaching.

(A) the introduction of games to stimulate interest.

Piaget believes: "Interest is the regulator of energy, and its participation will mobilize the power stored in the heart." The students just entered the classroom, and when the teacher was teaching, the students were unfamiliar with ink painting. If we use the traditional teaching mode and mechanically copy the teacher's template painting, students will easily get bored, thus discussing painting and losing a good learning opportunity. This is how I teach. Let the students listen to an interesting story first, that is, "Sun Quan of Emperor Wu asked Cao Buxing to draw a screen, but Cao mistakenly put pen to paper as an amateur, so he became a fly, so he had the right to fly, so he raised his hand and hit it." To arouse interest, then put some ink on the paper demonstration and let the students think about what they can draw. (such as tadpoles, beetles, etc. ) Then make a reasonable argument, and then let the students try. This has aroused students' interest, and students are willing to draw in the form of ink painting. From the students' homework, we can see their rich imagination and let them realize the superiority of ink painting.

(2) Use "play" to train painting skills.

Playing is the nature of every child. They are proactive and dare to draw. Teachers should grasp this feature and use it skillfully so that they can master the skills in the process of playing. For example, painting "vase flowers" is taught by breaking ink. Draw different line drawings with thick ink (or color) first, and then use light ink or water (color) to dot in the middle of the painting. Using the tension of water and the characteristics of rice paper, the painting has a beautiful texture effect, and different artistic effects are produced due to the amount of water or the length of time. Students are very excited about this effect and have great courage. In the process of playing, let the students feel the influence of water on the picture. Another example is the use of writing games to let students exercise in the process of playing, the application of side, reverse and sudden, and the mastery of color knowledge. In other words, students can use the usual writing methods to write words in ink on rice paper, and they can disassemble, overlap and splice words to write. When writing, they can also use various methods to raise their pens and then fill in different spaces with colors. By training students to understand the use of various pens, the relationship between colors and the relationship between densities. In this way, students' initiative is very strong, and each student has his own space to play. This is also the requirement of art education in our primary and secondary schools. It is not the usual "normal distribution" education, but a perfect education that allows every educated student to get the development of "the nearest development zone" or "jumping to eat apples".

(C) the introduction of stories to improve students' knowledge

The development of Chinese painting has a long history, and there are many anecdotes about celebrities, which play a great role in improving students' knowledge and appreciating the Excellence of Chinese painting art, such as: "Wu rides the wind and goes out of the water", "Wu Dao paints murals in Jialing River for more than 300 miles a day and stays at home for several months", "Huang Fugui," Xia Banbian "and other stories such as Xu Xiye Yi and Ma Jiao, and" No Tears "by Badashan people. Deepen students' influence on painting and let them feel the fun of learning Chinese painting.

(D) Use examples to improve students' expressive ability.

Geologist Li Siguang said: "Observation is an important step to acquire knowledge." For junior students, observation is particularly important. They often see very little and are extremely unfamiliar with things. For example, in the lesson of drawing a tiger's head, the teacher first analyzes the various structures of the tiger, then lets the students feel and analyze the various expressions of the tiger in different situations, and then lets the students create. At this time, the tiger displayed by the students is different. The angry tiger is red. It is also useful to use different colors. For example, painting the hair around the tiger's head, some students use dry pen to paint, which reflects the texture of the pen and shows that they are creating with their own feelings. Every student has his own understanding. They can express their inner feelings with pen and ink. By comparing different examples, students can choose their own satisfactory works, thus imparting some knowledge such as composition and making it easier for students to accept the basic knowledge of painting.

(5) Try to diversify the content selection.

The traditional teaching mode is to let students come to prunes, orchids, bamboo, chrysanthemums and other flowers, landscapes, fish and insects. Moreover, a class is mainly based on temporary study, while students have limited subjective ideas and can only do mechanical exercises according to the teacher's requirements, which seriously damages students' physical and mental health. I use diversified content for students to choose in classroom teaching, which not only embodies the student-oriented teaching, but also provides students with a broad world to play freely. For example, I let students look at dozens of different Peking Opera masks and other different forms of masks first, and then let students choose painting freely, so that students' enthusiasm is high and their works are novel. Draw a picture of a "monkey". First, explain the structure of the monkey. The teacher demonstrates it, emphasizing the method of using a pen. Then let the students imitate the movements of various monkeys, and then tell interesting things about the monkey, such as the relationship between mother and child. Students can learn more about monkeys by watching videos, and then let them create, so that the classroom atmosphere is active, students can learn knowledge in a pleasant environment, and they can also show their strengths for everyone to see.

(6) Go deep into life and expand students' performance.

Ron Feeder, an American educator, has long pointed out: "In art education, art intermediary is a way to achieve an end, not an end. The goal of art education is to make people more creative in the creative process, no matter where this creativity will be applied. If children grow up and gain higher creativity from aesthetic experience and apply it to life and career, then an important goal of art education will be completed. " In the teaching of children's ink painting, it is very important to expand the content of students' performance. Traditional teaching is nothing more than the integration of copying, sketching and creation. This is an effective teaching mode proved by the practice of painters in past dynasties, and the content is also conventional flowers and birds, landscapes and so on. A considerable number of children's Chinese painting classes also practice the teaching mode of copying gourds, and some even paint based on the works of famous predecessors. This phenomenon has aroused the concern of many people of insight in the art world. In my teaching, I let students go deep into life and show some things in life, such as shoes, bicycles, vases, trees in the field and other still lives. I can also show a scene in my life, such as a corner of my bedroom, my window and so on. It also shows some things in life, such as a happy weekend, a cool party and so on.

In a word, children's traditional Chinese painting has a strong childlike flavor and strong color ink effect, and can draw lines and fill colors with tools more freely, which further improves the ability of using and expressing painting language, and at the same time strengthens children's contact and understanding of China's traditional cultural knowledge, laying the necessary cognitive foundation for other forms of teaching. It will also help to broaden children's knowledge, enrich their imagination, develop thinking in images and enhance their creativity.