China has always had a tradition of honoring the right and respecting the left. But there was a period of time when it was the other way around. What period of time was it when the right was honored a

China has always had a tradition of honoring the right and respecting the left. But there was a period of time when it was the other way around. What period of time was it when the right was honored and the left was humbled? Different times have different views of inferiority and superiority in ancient China, is the "left" or "right" respect, is not set in stone, in different periods and times, there are different provisions. Zhou, Qin, Han, our country to "right" as the honor. 1, manifested in the official position: for example, the Warring States period of Qin's title system is divided into twenty, of which the tenth is the left chief of staff, the eleventh is the right chief of staff, the twelfth is the left more, fourteen and so on is the right more, the twentieth is the Marquis of Chehou, the title is the highest, which can be seen that at that time it is the "right" as the honor. This shows that at that time, the "right" was the most honored. According to the Records of the Grand Historian (史记-廉颇蔺相如列传), when Lin Xiangru returned the jade annulus to Zhao after completing it and accomplished something at the Mianchi Conference, he was "appointed as the superior minister and was placed on the right of Lian Po", but Lian Po was so furious that he "could not bear to be placed under him". This is a typical example of "right" being bigger than "left" in the Warring States period. A promotion is generally called a rightward move, while a demotion is called a leftward move. For example, in Bai Juyi's famous "Pipa Xing", the disillusioned poet was relocated left to Jiujiang County. After the Han and Wei Dynasties, the royal family and nobles were also called "right relatives", and the big families were called "right family" or "right family name". 2, manifested in the construction of residential buildings: the powerful families must live in the right side of the city, and the common people live in the left side of the city. The left side of the city. The word "lvzuo" here refers to the civilians living on the left side of the Li Gate. Even when the tablets are placed in the ancestral hall, with the face toward the gate, the right side is the upper hand, where the elder brother is placed. The left side is for the younger brother. So when you look at the tablets, it is the other way around, with the elder brother on the left and the younger brother on the right. So we should remember the whole sentence "the south side of the king, to the right as noble". 3, manifested in the culture: Yin Dynasty called the university for the right school, elementary school for the left school. The Zhou people honored the right and called folk religion "the left way" and imposed severe restrictions on it. From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the two Song Dynasty, China gradually formed a system of left and right. During this period, the left minister was superior to the right minister, and the left prime minister was superior to the right prime minister. However, after the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty by the Mongols, the old system was changed and it was stipulated that the right should be honored, and the right prime minister was above the left prime minister at that time. The Yuan Dynasty History - Hundred Officials Zhi: "the right prime minister, the left prime minister of each member of the ...... six officials, rate of the Department of Justice, the order of the second, the order of the lack of, then the total provincial affairs, with the son of heaven, the management of all the opportunities". Mongolians still right, so the prime minister to the right prime minister for the honor. Qing Qian Daxin in the "ten driving Zhai Yang Cheng Xin Lu - left and right" wrote: "Branch: Mongolia, color people called the right list; Han Chinese, South people called the left list. Also right for the upper also." After Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, he changed the system to honor the left. This system for the Ming and Qing dynasties have been used for more than five hundred years. The Ming history of the official records are as follows: "jiachen first month, the first set left and right philippines, to Li Shanchang for the right philippines, Xu Da for the left philippines. Wu Yuan Nian ordered all officials rituals are Shang left, change the right prime minister for the left prime minister, the left prime minister for the right prime minister." When Li was the right prime minister, the right was honored, and when Li was the left prime minister, the left was honored. Therefore, as far as this change is concerned, in fact, the positions and official positions of the two people did not change, but only the way of recognizing "left" and "right" was changed. Therefore, the left and right are all according to the will of the monarch. Second, different regions have different views of inferiority and superiority (a), on the internal of ancient China: Qin's official position is still right, not only cited in front of the title system can be explained, but also from its military symbols can be confirmed, Qin's military symbols are divided into left and right parts, the right symbols in the hands of the ruler, the left symbols in the hands of the marshal. The state of Chu, which was at the same time, was exactly the opposite. Among the officials of the state of Chu, there were the left secretary and the right secretary, the left Yin and the right Yin, the left leader and the right leader, the left historian and the right historian, etc., and their status was superior to that of the left. Among the three armies of Chu, the center army was the main force, while the left army was superior to the right army; Qu Yuan had been the left disciple, and Xiang Yu's uncle Xiang Bo had been the left Yin. There is also the ancient clothing in the Central Plains, the front of the clothes to the right, called right obeisance, and only the burial clothes worn after death is left obeisance, indicating that people never undress and wear clothes again after death. But in the minority areas, it is just the opposite, their clothes are all left-overlapping. Left and right represent two different concepts of life and even cultural concepts, so Confucius once lamented that if it were not for the words of Guanzhong, we would be "being hair and obeisance to the left" today. Later on, "left-over-oblance" became a synonym for foreign rule. Kuomintang's patriarch Yu Youren, formerly known as Yu Bozhuan, he changed his name to "Right Ren", is to show his indignation against the alien rule of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, determined to restore the original Chinese clothing as their own responsibility. (b), between China and foreign countries: due to the cultural differences between the East and the West, the Chinese culture generally believe that the left yang and the right yin that is, the male left and female right, while Christianity believes that the world's first male and female homo sapiens, Adam, the right side of the male, the left side of the female. Thus, the right side belongs to day and God, and the left side belongs to night and Satan. In heaven, Yeshua sits at the right hand of the God of heaven. In short, in the Western Christian tradition, the right has a positive and active meaning, while the left is passive and negative: the right implies the future, the good, and the left the past, the evil. From this point of view, the Chinese left (the left side of the party) high, foreign right respect, in line with international standards today, we should be in foreign business contacts in the international etiquette (Western) prevail. Third, different occasions have different views of inferiority and superiority 1, governance in the court: ancient monarchs generally sit north-south sitting in the Dragon Chair, so geographically east for the left, right for the west, subjects facing the monarchs lined up according to the order of inferiority and superiority, the high position of the right, the lowly ones by the left, so that naturally formed the right noble left low scene. Liu Yi biography of the "bird up horse fright, fast escape road left" in the "road left" is to retreat in the east of the road, there are expressed the meaning of humility. 2, combat sitting in the car: the situation is different, it is the honored one on the left. Such as "xinlingjun steal talisman to save Zhao", xinlingjun courtesy of the earth, "from the car ride, virtual left, since the welcome Zhao Yi door waiting for life". In fact, this is along the Shang Dynasty car system. Zheng Xuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty said, "The method of the military vehicle, the left person holds the bow, the right person holds the spear, and the center person defends." Archery was greatly respected by the people, so the Zhou Rites stipulated that archery was one of the six arts. Two sections of the Rites of Passage - The Meaning of Archery illustrate the importance of archery: "Therefore, in ancient times, the Son of Heaven selected vassals, ministers, great doctors, and scholars by archery. Shooting is also a man's business." "If you hit the shot, you get to be a Nohou, and if you don't hit the shot, you don't get to be a vassal." The position of the shooter on the car undoubtedly became a position of honor. According to Lao Tzu, "Soldiers are ominous weapons." Combat belongs to the Tao does not comply with, and therefore can not be honored as the top. 3, folk activities: generally speaking, the left in the celebration of the activities of the left for the noble, the evil condolences in the right for the honor. Other activities, from the side of the main seat, the left side of the main seat for the upper. Such as posting door couplets, from the door to the outside of the top line on the left, the bottom line on the right, and from the posting of couplets, the top line should be posted on the right, the bottom line in the left side is right, or else to make fun of the living. 4, foreign activities: such as riding in a car when the seating also has a lot to say. It is generally believed that the most honored seat in the car is the back row and the driver's seat into a diagonal seat, that is, the back row of the right seat. The rest of the seats in the order of precedence is: back row left seat, back row center seat, front row right seat. In short, the right is up and the left is down; the back is up and the front is down. If the guests and hosts traveling in the same car, it is appropriate to ask the guests to sit on the right side of the host, the interpreter sat in the front right seat. 5, daily life: male left, female right, as if the convention penetrated into all aspects of our social life. Go to the hospital pulse, male left and female right; palmistry, male left and female right; on the public **** toilet, male left and female right; wearing a wedding ring, male left and female right; in addition, there are photos of the wedding photos, husband and wife to attend certain ceremonial occasions, etc., the male tends to be on the left side of the female tends to be on the right side. If the position is reversed, there will be jokes, here, "male left, female right" to put it bluntly, but also contains "male superiority and inferiority of women" of the feudal remnants of thought.