How many enterprises are there in Shaoxing? What are the categories of these enterprises? Among them, how many enterprises are mainly engaged in the textile industry?

On the morning of June 5, 2006+10/October 38, 2006, the opening ceremony of China (Shaoxing) International Textile Expo was held in Shaoxing World Trade Center. This year's Textile Expo adopts the exhibition mode of "government sponsorship, association support, enterprise participation and market operation", which consists of five major activity sections: trade exhibition, conference discussion, investment negotiation, business enterprise docking and information release. The exhibition area of this Expo exceeds 25,000 square meters, which is divided into four exhibition areas: clothing fabrics, household textiles, raw materials and accessories, textile machinery and clothing equipment. China Textile Expo has been successfully held for six consecutive years, and now it has become one of the most important textile exhibitions in China. With the theme of "innovation, professionalism and internationalization", this textile Expo is an important platform for making friends, enhancing friendship, opening wider to the outside world and winning cooperation.

At this Expo, we listened carefully to the speeches of relevant government leaders at the opening ceremony, visited various exhibition halls, and had in-depth exchanges with relevant exhibitors and buyers, so as to further understand the position and role of Shaoxing textile industry in the whole Shaoxing economy and feel the rapid and strong development momentum of China Textile City: the textile industry is the largest industry in Shaoxing. And more than half of the city's GDP depends on the contribution of the textile industry, and the output of major textiles such as fabrics and chemical fibers accounts for about one-tenth of the country's total output. Shaoxing is the most advanced textile manufacturing base in China, with the most advanced machines in the world. China Textile City, located in Ke Qiao, is the largest professional textile market in the world, with a market passenger flow of over 65,438+million, and more than 600 permanent foreign buyers from more than 20 countries and regions. After more than 20 years of development, China Textile City has continuously expanded its market scale, innovated its trading methods, improved the quality of its owners, and achieved sustained and rapid development, becoming the second largest professional market in China and the largest textile trading center in Asia.

Based on this, Shaoxing textile enterprises vigorously develop textile foreign trade and promote the economic development of Shaoxing. The prosperity of the textile city market has promoted the development of industry, transportation, finance, insurance and other industries, which not only increased the government's fiscal revenue and social employment, but also expanded its foreign influence, which has brought obvious pulling effect on the development of Shaoxing.

But inevitably, there are still some problems in the development process. On the basis of actual investigation, the present situation of Shaoxing textile industry is analyzed as follows:

First, lack of independent innovation ability. Independent innovation ability is a comprehensive ability, including selection ability, research and development ability, integration ability and learning ability. For the industry, independent innovation capability includes not only the collection of independent innovation capabilities of enterprises in the industry, but also the integration of innovation capabilities of upstream and downstream industries and related industries, as well as the institutional mechanisms and policy environment to support independent innovation of the industry. The lack of independent innovation ability of Shaoxing textile industry is mainly manifested in the following aspects:

(1) Many core technologies and key equipment of processing procedures still rely on a large number of imports.

(2) There is still a big gap between the level of high-tech and fiber technology and the international level, which makes these fibers subject to people in the research and development and application of related industries.

(3) In terms of textile machinery, although China's textile machinery has developed rapidly in terms of output and capacity, many high-end equipment and key parts still need to be imported in large quantities. In recent years, imported equipment has occupied half of the domestic market.

(4) In terms of fabrics, although the domestic production capacity is large, the real high-end clothing exported is imported fabrics.

(5) In terms of clothing, you can produce any kind of clothing in the world, but most of them are OEM, and there are few independent brands. Even well-known domestic clothing brands are mainly foreign brands.

Second, the product structure is unreasonable. The unreasonable product structure is firstly reflected in the unreasonable product structure of clothing, decoration and industrial cloth. At present, the ratio of Shaoxing to Shaoxing is 97: 2: 1, which is far from the ratio of 40: 30: 30 in developed countries and 50: 30: 20 in China in the next decade. Secondly, the isomorphism level is low, chemical fiber is the main material, weaving mode is mainly woven, and there are few high-grade, personalized and differentiated fabrics, which is difficult to adapt to the changing international market demand. The low level of finishing after printing and dyeing has seriously restricted the competitiveness of products in the international market, resulting in repeated green trade barriers for export products.

Third, the degree of industry integration is not high. In Shaoxing, the whole production chain of textile industry lacks organic cooperation, printing and dyeing products are out of touch with clothing fabrics, fabrics are out of touch with textile grey cloth, textile grey cloth is out of touch with chemical fiber raw materials, and the technical level of chemical fiber, weaving, printing and dyeing and other related industries is uneven, resulting in "barrel effect", which brings great difficulties to Shaoxing textile enterprises to improve the quality of final products. In addition, Shaoxing textile enterprises have developed rapidly in recent years, and the asset-liability ratio has always hovered at a high level of 70%. High asset-liability ratio increases the pressure on enterprises to repay loans and interest, affects the normal use of working capital, and at the same time has a noticeable impact on the future financing ability of enterprises, which ultimately hinders the all-round development of enterprises.

Fourth, facing more complicated and severe challenges.

(1) Since June 5438+ 10/in 2005, the textile and garment quotas within the framework of the World Trade Organization have been abolished, which means that China's textile and garment enterprises have entered the "post-quota era", which is an opportunity for textile and garment enterprises in a sense, but at the same time, developed countries will also create some "green" technical barriers to restrict China's textile exports.

(2) From June to June this year, China's textile and clothing exports totaled US$ 64.032 billion, up 24.49% year-on-year, accounting for 6.5438+04.94% of China's total merchandise exports of US$ 428.593 billion. Whether in absolute or relative terms, the external dependence of China textile and garment industry has exceeded 50%. We want to boost the whole industry by increasing exports in a large proportion. It is a dilemma for enterprises whether to digest production products at home or transfer new equipment at low prices and eliminate new production capacity independently.

(3) In addition, the reduction of textile export tax rebate will affect the reduction of industry profits.

In view of these shortcomings and potential threats faced by Shaoxing textile industry, we propose the following solutions to the problems.

First, on the basis of introducing advanced technology, digest and absorb it, combine re-innovation with integrated innovation, realize the breakthrough of core technology, get rid of dependence on foreign advanced equipment and technology to a certain extent, and at the same time integrate and utilize various innovative resources to improve the industry innovation system; Increase policy support and industry guidance to optimize the innovation environment; Go hand in hand, cooperate with universities to carry out technological innovation, cultivate innovative talents, and improve the technical level of workers through training, thus improving labor productivity and product quality; On the basis of innovation, we will develop new products around the whole process of textile industry chain, improve the quality and grade of original products, and then build our own brand, and realize the transformation from "Made in China" to "Created in China".

Second, implement product diversion. Realize the product structure change from single chemical fiber fabric, mainly middle and low-grade products to industry, decoration, clothing and high, middle and low-grade products, and establish a marketing network suitable for multi-level consumer demand to meet the needs of different markets and improve the ability to adapt to market demand.

Third, strengthen the integration between industries and technical cooperation between upstream and downstream enterprises, improve the cooperation ability of the production chain of textile industry, and gradually change the uneven technical level among related industries on the basis of cooperation, so as to make the related industries in the whole production chain develop in a coordinated way. At the same time, actively carry out textile industry diplomacy, strengthen exchanges and communication with competitors, partners, related industries, customers and consumers, eliminate barriers and establish better relations.

Fourth, implement market diversion. Realize the transformation of the market structure from excessive dependence on the domestic market to equal emphasis at home and abroad. In view of the trade barriers set by the European Union and the United States, we should reduce our dependence on the local market and turn to ASEAN, Africa, Latin America and other markets to open up market diversification and reduce the impact of trade barriers; Seek cooperation with foreign businessmen, set up enterprises abroad, make full use of local raw materials and human resources, lower the entry threshold and expand the market; Strengthening human resources cooperation with exporting countries will not only help them understand the real situation of China's textile industry development and create a good international environment to alleviate the friction encountered in textile trade, but also help to promote the adjustment of China's textile industry structure and improve its international management and marketing capabilities.

In addition, if the textile industry in China continues to develop according to the above situation, the problem of "impoverishment" of textile exports is likely to occur. The emergence of "immiserizing growth" requires the following conditions: (1) A country's commodity exports must be greatly improved in a short time; (2) The country must be a big trading country, so its substantial export expansion will inevitably lead to the deterioration of the country's terms of trade; (3) The demand elasticity of other countries in the world for the goods exported by the country is very low, so the degree of deterioration of the country's terms of trade will be very serious; (4) The national economy is heavily dependent on foreign trade, and the sharp deterioration of the terms of trade may lead to the absolute decline of the whole social welfare. Although at present, textile trade is not exported to immiserizing growth, after the abolition of textile quotas, many small and medium-sized enterprises keep their prices low and then lower, and the terms of trade are getting worse, which makes the growth of export quantity not proportional to the growth of social welfare. Faced with these situations, enterprises should actively start from themselves and take precautions, and the government should also take relevant measures to guide the textile industry to develop in a sustainable and healthy direction.