Which role does Zhou Yu belong to: life, Dan, clean and ugly?

I pretend to be an elephant! There have always been different opinions about the origin of the names of traditional Chinese opera roles. A common saying is that "life is beautiful, pure and ugly" is named after "anti-metaphor", which is actually a very old legend, dating back to the era when zaju and legends were popular. However, when it was in full swing, the fallacy had been pointed out. For example, Zhu Zhishan, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, said in Tan Wei: "It is absurd to call birth, purity, purity, and ultimate name, or to call it Tang Zhuangzong. When you were born, you were a man. Call yourself clean when pretending to be a woman, and call yourself an official when you are muddy, which is your local accent. What's the point? " This obviously denies that the role of drama is "anti-metaphor".

Say "raw" first. Zhu Zhishan said: "Life is a person." Simple, but reasonable. Mr, epigenetic, Confucian scholars, Zhang Sheng, Li Sheng, etc. Isn't the original meaning of "sheng" all a title for men? Some people may think that this is too simple and ordinary, and insist on studying the mystery, which leads to some far-fetched statements.

Say "Dan" again. People often wonder why women on the stage are called "Dan". Zhou, a historian of traditional Chinese opera, believes that the word "Dan" evolved from the word "sister". The order is "Sister" first, and "Sister" is mistaken for "Big" (There are Old Lonely Big, Double Selling Big, Mix Store in the Song Dynasty, and "Big" is the fault of "Sister". "Sister" has always been a name for women. Since "Dan" is the fault of "Sister", it is easy to understand that "Dan Jiao" plays women exclusively.

Say "net" Yuan Man Ke Danqiu thinks that "purity" is the mistake of "beauty". He explained: "Fu Fenmo's smile is white and green. It was called beautiful clothes in ancient times, but now it is a net." "Clean" Facebook is really white and green, which conforms to the meaning of "beautiful". Ke Danqiu's statement is reliable.

Speaking of "ugliness", there is no need to explain it. Just relative to "handsome". Don't people often say "ugly play" and "handsome play"? Although not all the characters played by "clowns" are bad people, most of them have to put a piece of white powder on their noses, and their images are ugly after all.

Beijing opera, also known as role, is divided into five major trades: life, Dan, purity, end and ugliness.

1. The abbreviation of Shenghang is "Sheng". Life is divided into Xu Sheng (an old student), Hong Sheng, Xiao Sheng, Wu Sheng and Wa Sheng. It is one of the important industries of Peking Opera.

Xu Sheng (old man): All playwrights above middle age have beards. Because of their different personalities and identities, they can be divided into old people who are engaged in security or singing (such as playing emperors, bureaucrats, literati, etc. ), relying on old men (such as fighting military commanders) and declining old men (such as fighting the poor, etc.). ).

Hongsheng: He has a red beard, such as Guan Yu and Zhao Kuangyin.

Xiao Sheng: Ling Zisheng (including general pheasant and prince). ), Sha (official student), Fan Shengsheng (scholar), poor student (poor scholar) and so on.

Wu Sheng: For the role of Wu Sheng in the play, those who wear thick-soled boots are called long-sleeved (chopping board) Wu Sheng, and those who wear thin-soled boots are called short-sleeved (skimming) Wu Sheng.

2. Danxing is called "Dan" for short. Tsing Yi, Hua Dan, wudan, Beijing Opera Blues, Lao Dan, Tie Dan, Gui Dan and other roles. All the stars are women.

Tsing Yi: Mainly singing and playing the role of a good wife and mother.

Hua Dan: Also known as Flower Shirt, it is characterized by gorgeous costumes and mainly plays the roles of queen, princess, lady, female general, vendor, village girl and so on.

Wu Dan and Beijing Opera Blues: A Woman Good at Martial Arts.

Lao Dan: Singing with this voice is mostly for middle-aged and elderly women.

3. Network cable is called "net" for short, also called picture. Corner cleaning refers to the face-painting role with colorful paintings on the face, which looks unclean, so it means that the clean line is divided into the following roles: bronze hammer face painting and blackhead face painting; The faces painted on the bookshelves, such as the faces of generals, monks, outlaws, Wu Hualian, and slamming paintings, etc. The bronze hammer painted face is called Zheng Jing, the shelf painted face is called Vice Jing, the martial arts painted face is called Wu Jing, and the martial arts painted face is red and clean, which has different characteristics in performance style.

The last line is called the "end". This business is mainly for men over middle age. In fact, the end of the line is dedicated to the function of attracting drama, such as the first appearance, which is called "the end" because of the opposite meaning.

5. The ugly line is called "ugly" for short. In the play, the ugly line hooks the face, but it outlines the "three-faced face", and the face spectrum is very different from the painted face.

Ugliness can be divided into Wen Chou and Wu Ugliness. Wen Chou is divided into square towel ugliness (literati, Confucian scholars); Wu Chou is good at wrestling, hitting, turning and jumping. According to the zodiac, ugliness belongs to cattle, which is stupid, and ugliness is synonymous with stupidity. The ugliness of martial arts on the stage is also called jumping, but it can say and jump, playing a lively and clever role, which is completely different from the ugliness of cattle people.