What are the four stages of digital substation development?

The development process of digital substation is divided into the following four stages:

1, conventional substation and substation telecontrol technology are early automation technologies, and RTU appeared in the mid-1980s.

2. Integrated automation substation. With the development of microelectronics, computer technology and communication technology, substation integrated automation technology developed rapidly in the middle and late 1990s.

3. Digital substation, a fully intelligent substation mode consisting of electronic transformer, intelligent terminal, digital protection and measurement equipment, digital metering instrument, optical fiber network, twisted pair network and IEC6 1850 protocol.

4. Intelligent substation adopts advanced, reliable, integrated, low-carbon and environment-friendly intelligent equipment, which can automatically complete basic functions such as information collection, measurement, control, protection, measurement and monitoring, and can support substations with advanced functions such as real-time automatic control, intelligent adjustment, online analysis and decision-making, and collaborative interaction as required.