What is the definition of "alloy"?

An alloy is a mixture of two or more chemical substances with metallic properties (at least one of which is a metal). Generally, all the ingredients are melted into a uniform liquid and then condensed.

The alloy is at least one of the following three kinds: single-phase solid solution formed by elements, mixture formed by various metal phases, and intermetallic compound formed by metals. The microstructure of solid solution alloys has a single phase, while that of some solid solution alloys has two or more phases, and their distribution may or may not be uniform, depending on the temperature change during the cooling process of materials. Intermetallic compounds usually have one alloy or pure metal wrapped in another pure metal.

Alloys are widely used. In some cases, metal combination can reduce the total cost of materials while retaining important properties. In other cases, the combination of metals endows the constituent metal elements with synergistic characteristics, such as corrosion resistance or mechanical strength. Examples of alloys are steel, solder, brass, pewter, hard aluminum, bronze and amalgam.

In practical application, alloy composition is usually measured by mass percentage, and in basic scientific research, it is usually measured by atomic fraction. According to the arrangement of atoms that make up the alloy, the alloy is usually divided into substitute alloy or interstitial alloy.

raw material

Metal+other metals or nonmetals

superiority

High hardness, good heat resistance and corrosion resistance.

way

Melting, sintering, etc.

introduce

In the casting process, liquid bronze is poured into the mold.

Brass lamp

Alloy is a mixture of chemical elements, which forms impure substances (mixtures) and retains the characteristics of metals. The difference between alloy and impure metal is that it contains alloy, main metal or base metal, and the name of this metal can also be the name of alloy. Other components can be metal or nonmetal, but when mixed with molten matrix, they will be soluble and will dissolve in the mixture. The mechanical properties of alloys are usually quite different from their single components. Usually very soft (malleable) metals, such as aluminum, can be changed by alloying with another soft metal, such as copper alloy. Although these two metals are very soft and malleable, the final aluminum alloy will have greater strength. A small amount of nonmetallic carbon is added to iron in exchange for greater strength of an alloy called steel, because steel has great ductility. Steel is one of the most useful and common alloys in modern applications, because it has high strength, but it still has considerable toughness, and will undergo great changes through heat treatment. By adding to steel