Characteristics of Lingnan culture: historical and geographical characteristics.

Lingnan culture has a long and splendid historical imprint. It can be seen from the data of Lingnan site that it evolved on the basis of absorbing other cultures. In the regional culture, Lingnan culture is dominated by marine culture and agricultural culture because of its geographical location, and gradually forms its own unique characteristics with the subsequent development. So let's take a look at the historical and geographical features of Lingnan culture with me today.

Geographically, Lingnan culture can be divided into three parts: Guangdong culture, Guangxi culture and Hainan culture. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the three cultures of Lingnan merged with each other, and Lingnan culture really had its own independent style and spirit, which was different from the southern culture. After the formation of Lingnan culture, it developed in an all-round way in politics, philosophy, scholarship, art, economy, craft and life, and reached its peak in the late Qing Dynasty. In modern times, Lingnan has become an important bridge for cultural exchanges between China and the West.

Various cultural thoughts interweave and weave colorful pictures, and Lingnan culture has become the forerunner of China's political situation, ideology, cultural revolution and development. From Hong Xiuquan's jintian uprising, Kang Liang's political reform, He Ziyuan's educational innovation to the democratic revolution led by Sun Yat-sen, Lingnan culture has always been an important representative and leading force of China's modern political revolution. The essence of Lingnan cultural spirit in this period is fighting spirit, revolutionary spirit and innovative spirit.

Since then, the founding of New China, reform and opening up, and rapid economic development have provided conditions for the revival of China's local culture. In 1970s and 1980s, Guangdong entered the new culture period, and the soaring economy combined with Lingnan-style Cantonese culture and lifestyle formed the modern stage of Lingnan culture.

As one of the centers of Lingnan culture, Guangzhou has a long history. From 4000 to 5000 years ago in the Neolithic Age, there was Baiyue culture before the city was built, and there was the integration of Chinese and Vietnamese cultures and the integration of Chinese and Western cultures after the city was built. Constantly formed its own unique style and distinctive regional cultural characteristics. From archaeological remains to documentary records.

From cultural relics, architectural culture, folk culture, garden culture, commercial culture, religious culture to all kinds of culture and art, there is an open humanistic consciousness, especially innovative consciousness, commercial consciousness, pragmatic consciousness and common people consciousness, which embodies the open concept, compatible concept and reform concept of Guangzhou people. Traditional culture and arts, from Cantonese, Cantonese opera, Guangdong music, Guangdong Quyi, Lingnan calligraphy, Lingnan painting school, Lingnan poetry, Lingnan architecture, Lingnan bonsai and Lingnan crafts to Lingnan folk customs and Lingnan food culture, all reflect the rich connotation and unique and colorful local characteristics of Lingnan culture.

Lingnan architecture and its decoration are a wonderful flower in the architecture forest of China. For thousands of years, through the hard work of architects of past dynasties, it has made full use of the natural resources in southern China and combined with the living characteristics of people in southern China to form a unique architectural art, which occupies an important position in the architectural forest of China. It is displayed in the southern land in a concise, simple, transparent and elegant style. Mainly divided into Guangfu architecture, Chaoshan architecture and Hakka architecture.

The features of Lingnan architecture are as follows: heat insulation, shading and ventilation. The top of a building is usually made into a multi-storey sloping roof. The color of the facade is mainly dark gray and light color. And the use of square columns. The layout and decorative style of Lingnan architecture are very free and natural. Because of the mild climate, people's activity space moves outward, so open spaces such as terraces, verandas and halls are fully arranged, which makes people move from the closed indoor environment to nature, forming the characteristics of free, smooth and open architectural decoration space in Lingnan. For example, the arcade on Beijing Road has the characteristics of Lingnan architecture.

Judging from ancient folklore, it has a unique open mind. Up to now, there are still statues of the envoys of the Baltic countries in the South China Sea Temple, and there are relics of the founders of Dharma in the early West. The famous Lingnan School of Painting was formed on the basis of inheriting traditional Chinese painting techniques and drawing lessons from western painting techniques. The world-renowned Cantonese cuisine not only absorbs the skills of the eight major domestic cuisines, but also absorbs the essence of western food. Especially since the reform and opening up, it is no accident that Cantonese people have developed their potential in this respect, opened the door first in the country and played an important role in foreign economic and cultural exchanges.

Conclusion Lingnan area is far away from the core of China traditional culture, and there is an enterprising spirit beyond the "traditional orientation" everywhere. Zheng Xin, a Cantonese, established the Wu Dynasty in Thailand. In the history of modern culture, a number of cultural celebrities have emerged, such as Gao, founder of Lingnan Painting School, Sun Yat-sen, a democratic revolutionary, Liang Qichao, a pioneer of enlightenment thought, and so on. These bright stars represent the thoughts of Lingnan culture, and their words and deeds and achievements can also show the unique features of Lingnan culture.