What are the four Vedas in India?

The Vedas are known as Buddhist scriptures containing cosmic science, but this reputation is rarely heard in the world. What is the relationship between Vedas and Buddhist scriptures? The following are four classic Vedas in India that I shared. Let's have a look.

Introduction to the Four Vedic Classics in India

Vedas (Latin translation into Vedas, Vedas, Vedas, Vedas, etc. ) is the most important and basic classic of Brahmanism and modern Hinduism. ? Vedas? Translated again? Veda. , that is to say? Knowledge? 、? Enlightenment? The meaning of.

It contains many specific classics, including? Four Vedas (four Vedas)? , respectively:

Rigveda (singing bright roentgen,? Igveda),

Samoan Veda (theory of Zanming, Sāmaveda),

Yeroveda (Yajurveda), and

Atharvaveda.

In a broader sense, it also includes the interpretation of the Vedas. Like what? Sam Hita? Brahma (Brāhma? a)？ 、? The book of the forest (āra? yaka)？ [ 1]? 、? Upanishads (Upani? ad)？ 、? Bhagavad gita G and tā (Bhagavad gita G and T ā)? Wait a minute.

? Four Vedas? The earliest Rigveda in China and Israel can be traced back to 10000 BC, when Aryans lived on both sides of the Indus River. The other three volumes of Veda are all derivative works of Rigveda, written one after another, and the last volume is Avina Veda. The Divine Comedy in the last three volumes of the Vedas is either a retelling of some Rigvedic Divine Comedy or based on its development. The Vedic Divine Comedy is long and short, and Long song is a multi-ode. A short song is multiple carols or only one carol. Most eulogies consist of four sentences, and a few consist of three sentences.

The era of writing Vedas is called Vedic Period in India. It uses a language older than Indian Sanskrit, called Vedic Sanskrit.

India is an ancient religious country, and religion runs through all aspects of Indian culture, family and society. For ordinary people living in India, religion is not only a manifestation, but also a profound and complex manifestation of the soul. More than 80% of India's 65.438 billion people are Hindus, and historians agree that India is one of the first countries to record mysticism in the world.

The Vedas are also called the Revelation, because the Hindu tradition holds that the Vedas are published by the Supreme Lord himself and are eternal. Vedic knowledge is first transmitted to the universe responsible for creation, then eternal truth is transmitted to the world through ancient prophets, and then carefully handed down in the form of mentoring. Therefore, this is an experience that human beings directly hear the revelation from heaven, which can not be completed by any mortal thought.

Vedas are very long at first. In order to make them more acceptable to people, they were gradually divided into four parts in the process of inheritance: Rigveda, Ramaveda, Yeroveda and Ajavaveda. These four Vedas are collectively called. This episode? It consists of carols dedicated to the gods in sacrificial ceremonies. This episode is further divided into three classics: Brahma Book, Forest Book and Upanishads, which can be understood as guiding the interpretation of religious ceremonies and containing rich theological thoughts. There are many supplementary books in the Vedas, including scientific works on phonetics, grammar, etymology, rhythm, astronomy, medicine, music and dance, military affairs and architecture, as well as more than 65,438+008 Upanishads and past 18 masterpieces.

Thousands of Vedic classics are recorded in poetry. These poems strictly abide by the rules of poetry structure and meter, and contain information on various topics: from medical care and agriculture to the concept of time on higher and lower planets; From the skills of yoga and meditation to the precautions of laymen and vegetarian dishes; From the detailed explanation of the government organization structure to the first-class guidance on the construction and decoration of temples or houses. Upanishads, the last part of the Vedas, reveal profound spiritual truth. 108 Vedas are very important documents, because they are the source of inspiration for many schools of Hindu philosophy that have emerged for centuries. It is regarded by Hindus as the first literary classics that express their constant self and transmit ideas between bodies according to their occupations.

Upanishads, right? Secret scripture? The meaning of this word is: sit near the teacher and obey the supreme command of the secret to get the meaning of the secret. Its teachings strictly require that it must be taught in secret to those who are eager to seek Tao, and only with the highest moral self-discipline and noble heart can we achieve the goal of liberation.

The ideological characteristics of Upanishads are seclusion and penance. It teaches people that life is painful, and to get rid of it, we must really abandon the secular. To know or understand the absolute nature of self, we must abandon all actions and consequences. The book holds that only by learning knowledge can we get liberation, and only by learning the methods of rejection and concentration taught by Upanishads can we get this kind of knowledge. The book also holds that seclusion is the last stage of a person's life and an ideal state of acquiring wisdom and understanding higher truth. Through practice? Dominate? Or control the mind, breath and body, the hermit will become a fixed point and focus on his own essence. The Upanishads literature tells many different yoga practice methods. By practicing yoga and cultivating the inner realm of personal consciousness, yogis can realize their true colors, that is? .

From the Upanishads? Upanishads? what's up Van Gogh? And then what? Me? And the truth that the two (Brahma and me) are one. ? Van Gogh? (Brahman)? The cause of the birth of the universe; The ultimate truth. ? Me? (atman)? Spirituality, true self, self-nature (in other places). ? The essence of atman, as the foundation of personal life, is the same as Brahma, as the foundation of the universe. It is eternal, intangible and immortal, like a void, which transcends all the concepts of empirical consciousness. Anyone who knows him can be separated from life and death, and neither time nor cause and effect can limit him, because they are made of him. ? Brahma and I are one? That is, through the inner understanding of the true self, man touches the transcendental ultimate truth of the universe (Brahma) and blends with it, so that the individual soul can be freed from the experience world and become true, bright and happy.

Upanishads are beautiful and free in style, and every fable in the book is full of fresh wisdom. Like the dawn and the pure air in the mountains? . There are more than one hundred Upanishads, eleven of which are major ancient Upanishads, and they are regarded as the treasure house of all sacred knowledge by all Indian ideological systems.

The Vedas is the oldest in India, which was formed about 1000 BC, including works from beginning to end. It is composed of four Sanskrit classics: Rigveda, Ramaveda, Yeroveda and Adapurveda, among which the literary achievement of Hehe is the highest. Rigveda is an ancient Indian hymn and prayer to God. Both Yeroveda and Rama Veda are Brahmin prayers, which record the rituals of ancient India to the forces of nature. Ada Veda is a famous family code manual in ancient times. His specialty is the use of Sanskrit and Sanskrit. There are no conventional rituals, and there are many kinds, such as disaster relief, disaster reduction, curse, nebula, body, traffic, poison Brahma and so on. Detailed description of various methods and implementation regulations, legend has it that mastering any one of them can exert great power, and until now there are still a large number of methods circulating in the world.

Buddhist scriptures are regarded as sacred books by Brahmanism, with strong religious color, but they occupy an important position in the development of ancient Indian literature. It is the original source of Indian literature and has a far-reaching influence on the social life and literature of later generations.

Adapo Veda is one of the four great Vedas in ancient India. The Covenant was established around 1000 BC. The book is divided into 20 volumes, including 73 1 hymn, which consists of about 6,000 sections, but about one-fifth of them are collected from Rigveda. Most hymns are written in verse, and only one sixth are written in prose. The content is mainly a collection of folk spells and methods, as well as philosophical hymns and the highest principles mentioned.

The incantations contained in this book reflect people's beliefs and behaviors and have the significance of folk literature. Judging from the words, rhythms and philosophical thoughts in the book, it can be proved that this book was founded later than the other three Vedas. For example, in terms of philosophical thinking, following the philosophical thinking at the end of Rigveda, it obviously tends to monotheism or monism, and attributes the creation and development of the universe to the highest god or the highest principle. Moreover, there is no such name in the Code of Manu, only three other Vedas, so this book should be included in the later four Vedas.

One of the Vedas in ancient India is the oldest existing Vedas in India. The full name is Rigveda.

The original meaning of Vedas is knowledge, that is, knowledge; Li Ju is the name of the poem section in his works. The compilation date of Rigveda may be around 1500 BC, and there is only one school of biography, with 1028 poems, of which 1 1 poem is considered as an appendix. The shortest poem has only three verses, and the longest poem has 58 verses, generally not exceeding 12. This book contains 10552 poems. Poetry was written in different times. Language is also older than other ancient Indian documents. The exact date of creation and compilation of this collection of poems has not yet been determined. The book is divided into 10 or 8 volumes. According to Indian tradition, the poems in the book were handed down from ancient times and processed by a monk named Guangbo.

The poems in Rigveda are complex, including ancient myths and legends, reflections on nature and real social life, sacrifices and witchcraft. These poems reflect India's thoughts, life and customs in the primitive society and the transitional period from class division to slavery society. The most praised god in mythology is Indra, the head of the gods. For these mythical gods, India explained them according to later religious beliefs. In modern times, they are first regarded as the embodiment of natural phenomena, and then as the embodiment of social phenomena. Later, due to the continuous emergence of archaeological excavations, they had a further understanding of the historical facts reflected in myths and legends. There are several poems doubting God in the works, which show the earliest philosophical thoughts in India. As an ancient historical document, Rigveda is a precious heritage of mankind.

As a literary work, Rigveda contains some fresh and simple poems of early human beings. Many poems have reached a considerable level in art, and they are not original simple singing methods. There are 15 metrical patterns in the poems in the book, which shows the development of literary creation at that time. The meter of a poem is based on the sentences with orderly numbers in each poem. Four 8-tone sentences form a paragraph, which is widely circulated, that is, the so-called 32-tone paragraph, of course, including some works with poor content and inflexible words, such as some poems praising charity.

Rigveda was passed down from mouth to mouth for a long time, and then it was first published by Europeans in19th century. Several languages are completely translated or selected.

Indian mythology is quite interesting, and the plot is often extremely bizarre and fascinating. But at the same time, Indian mythology is also notoriously complex. Although it is quite specific, its source is complex. After the historical evolution of multi-layer representations, it is often unpredictable and confusing. Can be divided into: ancient civilization period (can not be tested), great epic period, past book period. The Vedas, published from 1500 BC to around 600 BC, is the most important classic in ancient Indian civilization. The original meaning of Vedas is knowledge and learning.

Vedas recorded various hymns, religions, rituals, customs, thoughts and philosophies, where Indian myths were systematically combined for the first time. One of the oldest Vedas, Rigveda, is mainly an ode to natural gods, and the known Vedic mythology system is basically based on the records of Rigveda. Indra the Raytheon, Aunt Vulcan, Yamaraja the Water God, Death, Su Li the Sun God, Sumo the Moon God and Fayou the Fengshen God were all praised and praised in this period.

In the late Vedic culture, India came into being, and the emergence of caste system was a manifestation of more centralized rights. Around the sixth century BC, India entered the era of vassal States. Developed economy, frequent wars and deep speculation are the three characteristics of this era. During this period, old myths were constantly edited and new myths were constantly produced. In religion, Buddhism and Jainism have emerged, and both sects have their own myths. In the 4th century BC, the two largest epics in India? With the appearance of Ramayana, the status of Indra and other gods was lowered, and Indian mythology turned into a great epic period.

Sakra-devanamlndra, translated into Sanskrit? Sakyamuni Tihuan Indra? . Among them? What does this mean? what's up , is the surname; ? Tihuan? Meaning? God? ; ? Indra? Meaning? The emperor? ; Together, right? Can heaven and earth? Or? Emperor Shi Tian? . In Buddhist classics, in order to unify the names of other heavens, the word heaven was moved to the end, called? Indra? . He is the Emperor Lei in Hinduism and Brahmanism, and the Emperor of Heaven in Buddhism.

Indra was the most worshipped in the Vedic mythology. There are many praises to him in the Rigveda, the oldest Vedic classic. He is regarded as the only god, who rules everything and is respected as? King of the world? . At this time, Brahma and other three gods have not yet appeared. This also reflects the ancient Indians' worship and awe of lightning. Indra in Vedic mythology is related to the son of the land god (true? ), born in a world that is still in chaos. He has been addicted to sumo since he was born, and thus gained unparalleled strength. At the same time, his body suddenly became bigger, and even heaven, earth and god fled in different directions for fear of this power. So heaven and earth are separated, and there will never be a farewell day (with Pangu? Create the world? Have the same effect).

Indra, who grew up, just caught up with the period when the gods struggled with the serpent. The gods were no match for Frodo, so they had to turn to Indra, who was infinitely powerful. Indra took the opportunity to make a condition: recognize him as the king of the gods and lend him half the power of the gods. The gods had no choice but to agree. So Indra gained the power of God? King of the gods? The title of. He drank three large sumo cups in a row, took them and fought bravely.

After an earth-shattering battle, Indra finally wiped out Frido and cut the cliff to attract people? The sun is born from the water. Indra thus created heaven and earth, divided into three realms, diverted water to create the sun, and completed the creation of the world. As for borrowing the power of God, Indra began to play hooligans, and the uncle owed money, so I won't pay it back! ? The gods have no choice but to submit to humiliation. After that, Indra divided the world into four parts: the kingdom of heaven, which ruled the East; Yamaraja, the eldest son of his brother Sun God, ruled the southern underworld; His brother Poseidon ruled the western oceans; Pilars, the god of wealth, ruled the witch country in the north. Indra? King of the gods? Since then, its position has been completely stable. Until the arrival of the brahmin period.

The history of Indian mythology entered the Brahmin period, and a harmonious religious system centered on the other three Vedas (Rama Veda, Yeruveda and Ajavaveda) was born. With the appearance of the three main gods, Indra's position went from bad to worse. Later, the Vedas were absorbed by Buddhism, and their identity and divinity changed greatly, most of them were protectors of Buddhism. Indra? King of the gods? Although the name has been retained, its status and influence have been much lower. As one of the 24 Buddhist festivals, he lives in? Want to live for six days? Second? The top of Mount Sumi is a paradise, which is very beautiful in the city. It is big, the center of the universe, and the axis of rotation of the sun, moon and stars. It has eight days on each side, * * * 33 days. There are four heavenly kings living on the four sides of the mountain, surrounded by seven golden mountains and four continents around the Aral Sea.

Indra became a Buddhist god and a moral defender of heaven and earth. The most important duty in peacetime is to protect buddhas, buddhas and monks and to investigate good and evil. If the gods violate justice, he will punish them; If there is a tyrant in the world, it will be free from violence. In temples in China, most of them are young emperors, but they are men and women, wearing crowns, decorated with various garlands, and holding wands or pestles. Indra at this time, although nominally the boss, actually became a wage earner under the Buddha.

Introduction to Vedas

Vedas are also translated into Vedas, which is probably the oldest manuscript on our planet. They can be traced back to the beginning of Indian culture and are the earliest documents to record the whole Aryan nation. It is believed that they have been passed down orally for more than 10,000 years and were preserved by writing about 4,000 to 6,000 years ago.

Vedas mean "knowledge" and "enlightenment". Vedas written in ancient Sanskrit are the basis of Indian religion, philosophy and literature.

India is an ancient religious country, and religion runs through all aspects of Indian culture, family and society. For ordinary people living in India, religion is not only a manifestation, but also a profound and complex manifestation of the soul. More than 80% of India's 65.438 billion people are Hindus, and historians agree that India is one of the first countries to record mysticism in the world. The Vedas are also called the Revelation, because the Hindu tradition holds that the Vedas are published by the Supreme Lord himself and are eternal. Vedic knowledge was first taught by the Supreme Lord to the burning god in charge of creation in this universe, and then the eternal truth was passed on to the world through the ancient prophet Vishnu, and then carefully handed down in the form of mentoring. Therefore, this is an experience that human beings directly hear the revelation from heaven, which can not be completed by any mortal thought.

The Vedas consist of four books: Rigveda, Ramaveda, Yeroveda and Ajavaveda.

Rigveda is mostly a myth and a hymn to God. It has the highest literary achievement and is the original source of Indian literature. The first seven volumes are cosmological myths, polytheism, pantheism, and the isomorphism or homogeneity of god-man-beast-god. From the eighth volume, it gradually transited to monotheism. Vedas in bodhidharma mainly include poems of Rigveda.

The content of Yeroveda focuses on religious ceremonies such as sacrifice and sacrifice, and its literary value is mainly manifested in prose, which consists of short, pithy, profound and cadence sentences.

Avina Veda was compiled into a book at the latest. The Divine Comedy in the Avena Veda is developed from the Rigvedic incantations, mostly mysterious witchcraft, good or bad incantations, and occasionally scientific thoughts. Ancient Indian medicine originated here.

There is a great flood mentioned in the Vedas: in the magnificent ancient temple of Duyaka, the ancient city of Gujarat Peninsula, Krishna, the most revered god of Hinduism, is enshrined. Legend? On the same day that Krishna left the earth, Duvalka also sank to the bottom of the sea. ? So people built this temple to commemorate Krishna and the flooded city. Coincidentally, there was also a great flood mentioned in the Bible. What does this amazing similarity seem to show the world? ......

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