What are the characteristics of folk houses in China?

This is the most important form of traditional residence in China, which is widely distributed in quantity and used by most people of Han, Manchu, Bai and other ethnic minorities. This kind of residence is dominated by wooden frame houses, with a main hall or main room on the main axis in the north-south direction, and an east-west opposite wing in front of the main room.

This residential form is spread all over the towns and villages in China, but it has its own characteristics due to the different natural conditions and lifestyles in different regions. Among them, quadrangles are represented by Beijing quadrangles, forming a unique architectural style. ?

Second, the "four waters return to the hall" style residence.

There are many names of houses in the south of China, and the plane layout is the same as that of the "quadrangle" in the north, except that the courtyard is small, which is only used for drainage and lighting ("four waters return to the hall" is a local common name, which means that rainwater on the inner slope of each roof flows into the courtyard).

The main room of the first courtyard of this kind of residence is often a hall, with a slightly open courtyard and many open halls, which communicate with the inside and outside of the patio. Most of the people who enter the yard behind are buildings, and the patio is deeper and smaller. The roof is paved with small blue tiles, and the indoor floor is paved with stone slabs to adapt to the warm and humid climate in the south of the Yangtze River.

Third, the big earth building

Datulou is a circular building inhabited by Hakkas in western Fujian, China. Generally, it is 3 ~ 4 floors, and the highest is 6 floors, including the yard, which can accommodate more than 50 households.

There are halls, warehouses, barns, wells and other public houses in the hospital. This kind of house is very defensive. Hakkas created a unique architectural form to protect their own survival, which has been in use ever since.

Four. Cave dwelling house

Cave dwellings are mainly distributed in Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai and other areas with thick loess layers in the central and western parts of China. Taking advantage of the unstable loess wall, the arched cave was excavated horizontally.

This kind of cave has the advantages of saving building materials, simple construction technology, warm in winter and cool in summer, economical and applicable. Divided into backer kiln, flat kiln, brick kiln, stone kiln or adobe kiln.

Five, dry diaphragm residential

Ganlan House is mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi and other regions in southwest China, and it is the living form of Dai, Jingpo and Zhuang. Gan Lan is a building made of bamboo and wood. It is a single independent building, with the ground floor overhead, used for raising livestock or storing things, and the upper floor is occupied by people. This kind of building is moisture-proof and can prevent insects, snakes and wild animals from intruding.