Can you tell me more about Northwest University?

Northwest University was founded in 1902 Shaanxi University Hall and was founded by Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty. 19 12 In March, the inaugural meeting of Northwest University thought that the president was promoted from Qian, the former president of Shaanxi Law and Politics School, and actively prepared for the establishment of Northwest University.

Northwest University Auditorium Lawn

Northwest University was originally named "Guanzhong University" and changed its name to 19 12 10 in June. Its predecessor was Guanzhong University Hall founded in the 28th year of Guangxu reign (1902), as well as Shaanxi Law School, Shaanxi Agricultural School, Shaanxi Industrial School and Sanqin Public School. Among them, Guanzhong University Hall (changed to Shaanxi Higher Northwest University in 1905) is located in the former site of xianyang and Chang 'an county examination institutes (now Dongting Gate in Xi City), which is the historical source of Northwest University today. Shaanxi Law and Politics School (built in the thirty-third year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty, located in Longevity Palace in Anlaoguan) was founded by Shaanxi Governor.

Historical Evolution Map of Northwest University (1902——2002)

Cao Hongxun was founded on the basis of the original normal library and according to the rules of Beiyang Law and Politics School. Before the Republic of China, it was a Northwest University that specialized in training officials, legal and commercial talents, and directly became the foundation of the early school buildings, professional settings and faculty composition of Northwest University. The former site of Agricultural School became the permanent foundation of Northwest University Building today. During this period, Northwest University established undergraduate departments, pre-university and liberal arts departments, law departments, business departments, border affairs departments, agricultural departments and other specialized departments, which started in the spring of 19 12. By 19 13, the total number of students in the school reached 1484 (excluding the graduates of Class A transferred from the Law and Politics School, the students in the simple sericulture class and the students attached to the middle school). From 19 12 to 19 15, two groups of international students were sent to Japan. Except for a few former Qing juren, most of the teachers are international students who came back from Japan. Northwest University also has a publishing department and founded the academic journal Xuecong. [2]

Just when Northwest University began to take shape and everything was on the right track, great changes took place in Shaanxi's political situation. 19 14 In June, Yuan Shikai was transferred to Beijing with the rank of Yang Wei, sent his cronies to Shaanxi, and seized the position of Shaanxi Governor and the first president of Northwest University. That winter, Lu sent troops to capture Qian, a senior in Northwest China, and sent Yin Songhuan, a senior in Guanzhong Road, to take over as principal. Northwest University gradually declined. By the time 19 15 started school in the spring, there were only 100 students. Shortly after the start of school, Lu announced its cancellation and changed it to Shaanxi Public northwest university of politics and law (now the former site of the 20th Northwest University). The key to changing to Northwest University, which is dominated by law and politics, is that law and politics are the backbone of Northwest University, which actually retains the foundation and blood of Northwest University. The host of its school administration is also closely related to Northwest University. [2]

19 15— 1923

From 19 15 to 1923, among the four principals: the first principal, Zhou Yong (Shi Sheng), was a supervisor of Shaanxi colleges and universities; Li Chaojun, the third president, is a member of the founding committee of Northwest University and a senior majoring in agricultural science. He studied in Japan for a bachelor of laws in the former institutions of higher learning, and resumed his position as a law professor at Northwest University from August 65438 to August 0946.

National Northwest University

Talking about the constitution; Cai Jiangcheng (Ping Fan), the fourth president, was appointed as the director of the preparatory office, the director of the exchange office, the director of the law department (later changed to the law department) and the member of the professors' committee of Northwest University shortly after he entered the school on 1923. Northwest University, majoring in politics and law in Shaanxi Province, not only retains the main subject of Northwest University, but also retains its fine revolutionary tradition.

1923, Liu Zhenhua, governor and warlord of Shaanxi, followed the trend of the times and rebuilt Northwest University. Fu Tong and Li Yizhi successively served as principals. Kang Youwei, who gives lectures in Xi 'an, wrote a school card for Northwest University. The school site was selected in the original site of 19 12-Northwest Branch of Shaanxi University of Political Science and Law (now No.20 Middle School), and the provincial education department (the former site of Shaanxi Daily) was added as a new school building for preparatory courses. 1923, on the eve of Cao Kun's bribery election of the president, Northwest University was officially approved by the Beiyang military government. Later, Shaanxi Northwest University majoring in law and politics, Shaanxi Northwest University majoring in water conservancy engineering, Weibei Water Conservancy Bureau affiliated Northwest University majoring in water conservancy and road engineering and Class A commercial Northwest University merged. [2]

1924— 1936

1924 officially started school in March. There are four colleges under the school: College of Literature (China Literature Department, Foreign Literature Department); Academy of Social Sciences (Department of History, Department of Philosophy

Landscape of Chang 'an Campus (2 1)

, Department of Education, Department of Law); Academy of Natural Sciences (Department of Mathematical Chemistry, Department of Biology); Academy of Applied Sciences (Department of Agriculture, Department of Forestry, Department of Engineering). In the future, according to the situation of teachers and students, we will try to find a characteristic department, engineering characteristic department, Chinese culture characteristic department and Mongolian and Tibetan characteristic department. Luo Changpei, a famous linguist (member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences after the founding of the People's Republic of China), a famous hydraulic scientist, Wu, who was famous for his long lyric poem "Wan Rong Ci" during the May 4th Movement, and famous writers were all hired as professors to teach in this school. The most sensational thing was the summer vacation of 1924, when celebrities such as Lu Xun were invited to give lectures at Northwest University. Also invited to attend were Einstein's China student, Wang Li, Dean of Peking University Institute of Principles, Professor Lin of Beiping Normal University, Professor Chen of Nankai University, and Professor Chen Zhongfan of Southeast University. This undoubtedly casts a beam of cultural light on the occluded northwest.

1927,65438+10, after the national allied forces cleared the encirclement and entered the city, they ordered in the name of the general headquarters: "All the production funds of our school (Northwest University) are used to run Sun Yat-sen College". The Preparatory Committee for the takeover of Northwest University and the transformation of Sun Yat-sen College is composed of Wang Fengyi, Li Shouting, Zhao Baohua, Liu Hanchu and Li Zizhou. Among them, Wang Fengyi was the acting president of Northwest University after Li Yizhi left Shaanxi during xi 'an besieged city (1925 winter ~ 1927 18 October). Sun Yat-sen College was formally established on March 1927. After properly handling the letters sent by junior students and senior students to the government for examination, employment or transfer, as well as the wages and foreign debts owed by the faculty of Northwest University, it has shown new continuity. Many students continue to study in this school, and many progressive teachers stay. Because Sun Yat-sen College was jointly organized by the National Allied Command and the * * * Production Party, Deng Xiaoping and others who were teaching at Sun Yat-sen Military Northwest University in Xi 'an often took part-time classes at Sun Yat-sen College. [2]

1937— 1948

During the period of 1937, the Chinese nation faced a new crisis. The Lugouqiao Incident broke out, and a large area of land fell under the Japanese invaders. Some famous universities in Ping Jin suffered unprecedented havoc, so two temporary universities in the southwest and northwest were established in Changsha and Xi 'an. On September 1937 and 10, Beiping University, Beiping Normal University, Beiyang Institute of Technology and Beiping Research Institute formed the National Xi 'an Temporary University. Wang Shijie, Minister of Education, served as the chairman and appointed Li Shuhua (not yet in office), Xu Yongming, Li Zheng, Li Shutian, Tong Guanxian, Chen Jian, Zhou Bomin, Zang Qifang and Xin Shuzhi as members of the Preparatory Committee. Subsequently, Xu Yongming, a senior student in Beiping Northwest, Li Zheng, a senior student in Beiping Normal University, Li Shutian, president of Beiyang Institute of Technology, and Chen Jian, a special correspondent of the Ministry of Education, were appointed as members of the Standing Committee of the Preparatory Committee to discuss school affairs. Northwest University has 6 colleges and 24 departments, including arts and sciences, law and business, education, industry, agriculture and medicine. Linda met with great difficulties from the beginning. After many efforts, the whole school settled in No.4 Houjie, Chenghuangmiao, Ancheng, Xi 'an, Northeastern University (now the former site of Northwest Northwest University) and Fang Tongji, a north street outside Xiaonanmen during the Anti-Japanese War. After more than two months of preparation, the school officially opened on 1 937165438+10/day, which was the beginning of the reconstruction of Northwest University. According to the statistics of 1938 February 10, the total number of students in school is 1472. , Xu Shoushang, Zhao Jinyi, Fu, Zhang, Liu Tuo, Yue Jiliheng, Jin, Huang, Huang Juefei, Zhang Youjiang, Shen Zhiyuan, Ji Taoda, Murakami Shusheng, Ma Shiru, Yuan Dunli, Dong Shouyi, Yu Hongzheng, Li Yizhi, Zhang Bosheng, Pan Chengxiao and Zhang Zhisheng. [2]

Gong Qin Cheng pu

At the end of 1937, the Japanese invaders approached Tongguan, and planes frequently bombed Xi' an. The Ministry of Education then ordered Xi Anlinda to move to southern Shaanxi. 1938 March 16 officially moved out of Xi 'an. Teachers and students walked more than 250 kilometers, crossed the Weihe River, the Qinling Mountains and the Chaiguan Pass. It took more than half a month to reach Hanzhong. The whole school is located in 6 places in 3 counties, and the headquarters is located in Chenggu County. 1938 On April 3rd, the Ministry of Education renamed Anprovisional University as National Northwest United University according to the merger and reorganization plan of Northwest University and Beijing-Tianjin-Shanghai College adopted at the 350th meeting of the Executive Yuan of the National Government. The school has 6 colleges and 23 departments, including arts and sciences college, law and business college, education college, agricultural college, engineering college and medical college. 1July, 938, ordered by the Ministry of Education, the Institute of Technology of National Northwest United University merged with the Institute of Technology of Northeastern University (now Northeastern University) and Jiaozuo Institute of Technology (now China University of Mining and Technology and Henan Polytechnic University) and became the National Northwest Institute of Technology independently (1938.7-1950.12. [2]

On August 8th, 1939, the Ministry of Education changed the National Northwest United University into the National Northwest University and designated Xi 'an as the permanent campus. At the same time, the former normal college and medical college were also set up independently, and were changed to National Northwest Normal College and National Northwest Medical College respectively. Northwest University divides the College of Arts and Sciences into the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Law and Business. There are 12 departments of China literature, foreign languages and literature, history, law, politics, economy, commerce, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, geology and geography. In September, 1939, National Northwest University officially opened. The administrative system was changed from the school committee system of Northwest United University to the principal responsibility system. During the period of Chenggu, Hu Shuhua,, Lai Lian, Yang,, and so on successively served as principals. Famous professors newly appointed in this period include Zhao, Liu Hung-chien, Zhao, Gao, lujun, Yu Gengyu, Cao Guoqing, Du, Xiao Yishan, Wang Dianji, Luo, Huang Wenbi and Zhou Chuanru. 1945 In September, Joseph Needham, a famous British historian of science and director of the Sino-British Science Cooperation Museum, visited Northwest University for the first time, gave an academic report entitled Science and Democracy, and presented hundreds of English books and periodicals to the library. 194 1 At the end, Yu Youren, president of the National Government Supervision College, gave an academic speech on calligraphy.

1944 10 Professor Yue Jiliheng presided over the academic seminar of Northwest Branch of the 12th annual meeting of the Chinese Physical Society. Northwest University has successively established more than 0 kinds of academic journals 10, such as Journal of Northwest University, Journal of West University and Northwest Academic, which reflects the academic prosperity of Northwest University in this period. [2]

1949—

After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Northwest University immediately began to prepare to move back to Xi 'an in August of 1945. On September 20th, the Ministry of Education made it clear that Xi 'an Campus of Northeastern University (the former site of agricultural science of early Northwestern University) allowed Northwest University to use it. /kloc-in the summer of 0/946, Northwest University moved back to Xi 'an. 1946 In May, the Ministry of Education ordered the Hanzhong part of the former National Northwest Medical College to be merged into Northwest University from 1946, and changed its name to Northwest University Medical College. At this time, there are 4 hospitals and 15 departments in the whole school. The Department of Geology and Geography of the Faculty of Science 1947 was approved by the Ministry of Education at the beginning and divided into two departments: geology and geography. After moving back to An, Ma, Yang and Yue Jiliheng successively served as principals or acting principals. During this period, there were 7/kloc-0 new professors and associate professors, including Zhang Xitang, Fu Gengsheng, Wang Ziyun and Hou Zonglian. The academic activities of Northwest University are particularly active. From 1947 to 1948, there were more than 30 formal large-scale academic lectures. Pei Wenzhong, Zheng, Monk, Chen and other famous people came to our school for academic exchange. [2]

1949 On May 20th, Xi 'an was liberated. Northwest University has entered a brand-new historical stage. 1July, 949, Shaanxi Normal College, Shaanxi Business School and Shaanxi Medical College of Northwest University merged into Northwest University; 1950 In March, Nanzheng Teachers College was merged into Northwest University; 1950 In April, the medical college originally merged into Northwest University became Northwest Medical College independently (now the Medical College of Xi Jiaotong University); 1952 to 1953, the second and third grades of English department were merged into Peking University, and the first grade and Russian teachers were merged into Northwest University and Northwest Russian Institute (later developed into today).

Landscape of Taibai Campus (15 photo)

Xi International Studies University), the former Department of Economics and Banking Accounting of Lanzhou University was merged into Northwest University, and was reorganized into the Department of Economics, Enterprise Management, Accounting and Statistics together with the former School of Finance and Economics of Northwest University; 1952165438+1October, the ethnic minority department moved to Lanzhou and merged into Northwest University for Nationalities. 1953 teachers college is independent of Xi' an teachers college (later developed into Shaanxi normal university); 1954 established the law department, 1958 separated and merged with the northwest cadre school of politics and law to become northwest university of politics and law. 1960, the Department of Economics merged with other schools to form Northwest University of Finance and Economics (now Shaanxi University of Finance and Economics); 1972 Shaanxi university of technology was cancelled and the department of chemical engineering was merged into northwest university. [2]

Before 1959, Northwest University was one of the 14 comprehensive universities directly under the Ministry of Higher Education. 1959, according to the unified deployment of the central government, Northwest University was changed to the provincial level. From 1949 to 1997, Yue Tongheng (generation), Hou Wailu, Liu Duanbang, Su Guanzhi, Guo Qi,,, Hao,, were in charge of school administration.

199265438+February, the Shaanxi provincial government decided to "take Northwest University as a key construction institution and actively strive for the first batch to enter the national' 211project'". 1June, 1993, the Shaanxi provincial government decided to invest 300 million yuan to focus on the construction of Northwest University, approved the "2 1 1 project" key construction plan of Northwest University, and decided to include the "2 1 1 project" construction project of Northwest University in the medium and long-term development plan of Shaanxi Province. 199610/kloc-0 from 4 to 6 October, the first trial of "2 1 1 project" was successfully passed. On June 4th, 1997 successfully passed the expert argumentation of "Project 2 1 1". [2]